• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.79-80
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• 2018

Recently, the interest in remodeling of new and old buildings is increasing worldwide. As a result, the frequency of use of architectural adhesives has increased. Currently, adhesives used in buildings are made of organic materials in most cases, and epoxy resin adhesives are most widely used. However, epoxy resin adhesives contain formaldehyde and VOCs in the room during construction, which can cause sick house syndrome. In case of building fire, it may cause damage due to carbon monoxide generated from organic materials. It is urgent to study the problem of epoxy fill adhesive made of such organic materials. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the adhesion of epoxy resin adhesive, which is a problem of epoxy resin adhesive, which is an existing organic adhesive by using inorganic materials such as magnesia and phosphate, And the inorganic adhesive which does not emit the release amount as an inorganic material.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.171-172
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• 2022

This study aims to develop the hydration heat reducing material (powder type) to lower the heat of hydration of mass members in the extremely hot weather condition. In this study, we applied the developed material to the concrete that used two kinds of binders with cement and evaluate the concrete properties with it.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.318-326
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• 2019

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) levels are often found to be elevated in serum, bronchoalveolar lavage, and lung tissue of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients and experimental mouse models. Although the roles of sphingosine kinase 1 and S1P receptors have been implicated in fibrosis, the underlying mechanism of fibrosis via Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 ($S1P_2$) has not been fully investigated. Therefore, in this study, the roles of $S1P_2$ in lung inflammation and fibrosis was investigated by means of a bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis model and lung epithelial cells. Bleomycin was found to induce lung inflammation on day 7 and fibrosis on day 28 of treatment. On the $7^{th}$ day after bleomycin administration, $S1P_2$ deficient mice exhibited significantly less pulmonary inflammation, including cell infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine induction, than the wild type mice. On the $28^{th}$ day after bleomycin treatment, severe inflammation and fibrosis were observed in lung tissues from wild type mice, while lung tissues from $S1P_2$ deficient mice showed less inflammation and fibrosis. Increase in TGF-${\beta}1$-induced extracellular matrix accumulation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition were inhibited by JTE-013, a $S1P_2$ antagonist, in A549 lung epithelial cells. Taken together, pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic functions of $S1P_2$ were elucidated using a bleomycin-induced fibrosis model. Notably, $S1P_2$ was found to mediate epithelial-mesenchymal transition in fibrotic responses. Therefore, the results of this study indicate that $S1P_2$ could be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.709-711
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• 2001

To elucidate the putative role of the amido group in the metal binding of the fuculose-1-phosphate aldolase from Methanococcus jannaschii, we have examined a potential targen using site-directed mutagenesis. The replacement of asparagine 25 with leucine or threonine was shown to have a negative effect, not only on catlytic efficiency, but also on substrage recognition as well. The Hill coefficient values yeilded a value of =1. All metals used with the wild-type aldolases exhibited higher activity than that of the mutants. The spectra of the mutants were quite different from the wild-type aldolase. A highly conserved amino acid of asparagine 25 in a related family of aldolase odes not appear to provide sufficient evidence for evolution.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.95-101
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• 2002

Matrix tablets of nifedipine (NP) were prepared with Eudragit, diluent (lactose or Ca. phosphate) and Mg. stearate employing two different preparation methods (wet granulation and direct compression) to develop its sustained-release dosage forms. The effects of various formulation factors on the dissolution rate of the drug were investigated. Dissolution test was studied in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer containing 1% sodium lauryl sulfate using the paddle method. Formulation factors were the type and content of Eudragit, the type of diluent and the tablet preparation method. The optimum formula of NP matrix tablet, which resulted in a similar dissolution profile to that from Adalat Oros used as a reference, was 30 mg NP, 10% Eudragit RS, 2% Mg. stearate and an adequate quantity of lactose to yield 500 mg weight using the wet granulation method.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the titanium castability with a spin type casting machine(TiCast, Super R, Selec, Osaka. Japan). We tested phosphate bonded investment "Rematitan$^{(R)}$Plus(Dentaurum, Inc., Pforzheim, Germany)"of mesh grid pattern and plate pattern. Four different mold temperatures(room temperature, 200$^{\circ}C$, 400$^{\circ}C$ and 600$^{\circ}C$) were prepared for the present study. In mesh grid pattern with spruing of $\varphi$0.88㎜ dimeter, when the mold temperature increased, high percentage of castability was gained. Mold temperature showed a highly significant(p<0.05) correlation on the castability, In plate pattern, the higher the mold temperature during casting, the greater the adhesive phenomenon between Ti surface and the investment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.63-63
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• 1993

Phospoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PLC)는 세포막의 phosphoinositide를 분해하여 inositol phosphates와 diacylglycerol을 전달하는데 핵심적인 효소이다. PLC는 분자량과 1차구조의 비교에 의하여 type (PLC-$\beta$, ${\gamma}$, $\delta$)로 구분되며, 각 type마다 2-4종의 subtype이 존재하고 PLC isozyme들에 대한 현재가지의 각종 신호 전달 및 조절에 대한 연구를 종합하면: (1) PLC-$\beta$ type은 G-protein과 연결되어 신호를 전달받고, (2) PLC-${\gamma}$ type은growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase에 의하여 인산화 되어 활성화됨으로, 세포의 성장 신호를 전달하며. (3) PLC-$\delta$ type에 대한 신호 전달이나 조절은 밝혀지지 않고 있다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.914-920
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• 2011

Vibrio cholerae utilizes mannitol through an operon of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase (PTS) type. A gene, mtlD, encoding mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase was identified within the 3.9 kb mannitol operon of V. cholerae. The mtlD gene was cloned from V. cholerae O395, and the recombinant enzyme was functionally expressed in E. coli as a $6{\times}$His-tagged protein and purified to homogeneity. The recombinant protein is a monomer with a molecular mass of 42.35 kDa. The purified recombinant MtlD reduced fructose 6-phosphate (F6P) using NADH as a cofactor with a $K_m$ of $1.54{\pm}0.1$ mM and $V_{max}$ of $320.8{\pm}7.81\;{\mu}mol$/min/mg protein. The pH and temperature optima for F6P reduction were determined to be 7.5 and $37^{\circ}C$, respectively. Using quantitative real-time PCR analysis, mtlD was found to be constitutively expressed in V. cholerae, but the expression was up-regulated when grown in the presence of mannitol. The MtlD expression levels were not significantly different between V. cholerae O1 and non-O1 strains.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.375-382
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• 2023

The binary oxide adsorbent using Fe and Mn (Fe-Mn) has been prepared by precipitation method to enhance the removal of phosphate. Different amounts of chitosan, a natural organic polymer, were used during preparation of Fe-Mn as a stabilizer to protect an aggregation of Fe-Mn particles. The optimal amount of chitosan has been determined considering the separation of the Fe-Mn particles by gravity from solution and highest removal efficiency of phosphate (Fe-Mn10). The application of Fe-Mn10 increased removal efficiency at least 15% compared to bare Fe-Mn. According to the Langmuir isotherm model, the maximum uptake (q_m) and affinity coefficient (b) were calculated to be 184 and 240 mg/g, and 4.28 and 7.30 L/mg for Fe-Mn and Fe-Mn10, respectively, indicating 30% and 70% increase. The effect of pH showed that the removal efficiency of phosphate was decrease with increase of pH regardless of type of adsorbent. The enhanced removal efficiency for Fe-Mn10 was maintained in entire range of pH. In the kinetics, both adsorbents obtained 70% removal efficiency within 5 min and 90% removal efficiency was achieved at 1 h. Pseudo second order (PSO) kinetic model showed higher correlation of determination (R²), suggesting chemisorption was the primary phosphate adsorption for both Fe-Mn and Fe-Mn10.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.18 no.sup
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• pp.13-20
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• 2012

This research investigated the effect of $SCOD_{Mn}$ concentrations and pH adjustment at the stage before land application, namely 2nd-aeration treatment stage of liquid fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer treatment process of swine manure on the physicochemical compositions of 2nd-aeration treated liquid fertilizer. The liquid fertilizer used in this research is the alkaline fermented liquid fertilizer of swine manure more than pH 9.0 through aeration treatment (Alkaline fermentation treatment group). About the alkaline liquid fertilizer, phosphate neutralization treatment was conducted with phosphoric acid and it was a phosphate neutralization treatment group. In 2nd-aeration treatment of liquid fertilizer for 30 days, each group was divided into alkaline treatment groups (T-1, T-2, and T-3) and phosphate neutralization treatment groups (T-4, T-5, and T-6) according to early $SCOD_{Mn}$ concentrations. The research results are as follows. 1. As for $SCOD_{Mn}$ reduction rate, the average 29.9% in alkaline treatment groups and the average 36.9% in phosphate neutralization treatment groups were shown and so the relatively high reduction rate was shown in phosphate neutralization treatment groups. 2. After finishing the experiment, the group of the lowest $SCOD_{Mn}$ concentrations was the phosphate neutralization treatment group, T-6 with the lowest inflow concentrations. In case the final goal level of 2nd-aeration treated liquid fertilizer is assumed as concentrations less than $SCOD_{Mn}$ 3,000 ppm, it would be desired that inflow concentrations of 2nd-aeration treatment groups are adjusted less than $SCOD_{Mn}$ 5,500 ppm. 3. As for the persistence rate of nitrogen, the average 29.3% in alkaline treatment groups and the average 38.9% in phosphate neutralization treatment groups were shown and so phosphate neutralization treatment groups showed the relatively low loss rate of nitrogen, meanwhile, in the case of T-P, phosphate neutralization treatment groups maintained high concentrations (average 1,473 ppm). 4. In the event of 2nd-aeration treatment of liquid fertilizer, "alkaline fermentation treatment" condition in 'low phosphate-low nitrogen' type and "phosphate neutralization treatment" condition in 'high phosphate-high nitrogen' type are expected to be favorable.