• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.19 no.11
• /
• pp.603-618
• /
• 2019

This study aims to explore the meaning and nature of the nursing experience of visiting nurses of home-based long-term care service centers by using van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenological approach. A total of 10 home-visiting nurses working in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do Province were recruited through purposive, convenience, and snowball sampling and participated in the study. Data were collected from January 7, 2017 to October 12, 2018 through in-depth individual interviews with the participants. The analysis resulted in 6 essential themes regarding the lived experience of visiting nurses: 'establising a good rapport with the patient and his or her family caregiver', 'building the foundation of visiting nursing by performing autonomously nursing procedures for the patient', 'facing the reality not to be able to work as much as I want due to the limitations of the support system in performing work as a visiting nurse', 'upset when sincerity could not be delivered', 'following the calling of medical personnel by taking responsibility for 'my patient', and 'pledging oneself to career-long work, feeling reward as a visiting nurse.' The findings of the study help understand the role and importance of visiting nurses and contribute to the preparation of practical measures to improve the quality of home-visiting nursing.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.81-109
• /
• 1999

This study aims to reflect the basic principles and teaching-teaming principles of Realistic Mathematics Education in order to suppose an way in which mathematics as an activity is carried out in primary school. The development of what is known as RME started almost thirty years ago. It is founded by Freudenthal and his colleagues at the former IOWO. Freudenthal stressed the idea of matheamatics as a human activity. According to him, the key principles of RME are as follows: guided reinvention and progressive mathematisation, level theory, and didactical phenomenology. This means that children have guided opportunities to reinvent mathematics by doing it and so the focal point should not be on mathematics as a closed system but on the process of mathematisation. There are different levels in learning process. One should let children make the transition from one level to the next level in the progress of mathematisation in realistic contexts. Here, contexts means that domain of reality, which in some particular learning process is disclosed to the learner in order to be mathematised. And the word of 'realistic' is related not just with the real world, but is related to the emphasis that RME puts on offering the students problem situations which they can imagine. Under the background of these principles, RME supposes the following five instruction principles: phenomenological exploration, bridging by vertical instruments, pupils' own constructions and productions, interactivity, and interwining of learning strands. In order to reflect how to realize these principles in practice, the teaming process of algorithms is illustrated. In this process, children follow a learning route that takes its inspiration from the history of mathematics or from their own informal knowledge and strategies. Considering long division, the first levee is associated with real-life activities such as sharing sweets among children. Here, children use their own strategies to solve context problems. The second level is entered when the same sweet problems is presented and a model of the situation is created. Then it is focused on finding shortcomings. Finally, the schema of division becomes a subject of investigation. Comparing realistic mathematics education with constructivistic mathematics education, there interaction, reflective thinking, conflict situation are many similarities but there are alsodifferences. They share the characteristics such as mathematics as a human activity, active learner, etc. But in RME, it is focused on the delicate balance between the spontaneity of children and the authority of teachers, and the development of long-term loaming process which is structured but flexible. In this respect two forms of mathematics education are different. Here, we learn how to develop mathematics curriculum that respects the theory of children on reality and at the same time the theory of mathematics experts. In order to connect the informal mathematics of children and formal mathematics, we need more teachers as researchers and more researchers as observers who try to find the mathematical informal notions of children and anticipate routes of children's learning through thought-experiment continuously.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.48 no.6
• /
• pp.757-762
• /
• 2010

Since the quality and performance of medicinal products are heavily dependent upon the size, shape and polymorphism of active pharmaceutical ingredients(APIs), their crystallization has been regarded as one of the most important pharmaceutical processes. In this study, NIR-based inline measurements were employed to monitor key attributes of API particles real-time during the crystallization process. Principal component analysis(PCA) method was selected to correlate inline NIR spectra while the well-known aspirin was studied as a model drug. According to our characterization results, the ratio of ethanol to acetone did not cause any change in polymorphism, but resulted in a significant difference in the nucleation time, crystal growth and crystal shape. These phenomenological changes were well correlated with the PCA's implications. It turned out that the NIR-based inline monitoring technology can be employed well in observing and predicting key quality attributes such as crystal size during pharmaceutical crystallization processes.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.151-159
• /
• 2020

The secondary health status of the disabled is more vulnerable due to the aging of the disabled, the nature of primary disabilities, and social and environmental disability suppression and stress. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the experiences of secondary disabilities of the disabled and how they responded when secondary disorders occurred. A total of 13 people with severe disabilities with secondary disabilities were interviewed in a focus group and analyzed by applying phenomenological research methods. As a result of the analysis, people with disabilities were experiencing secondary disorders due to variations in the experiences of aging and primary disorders, management problems and life accidents in the primary disorder, misunderstanding of the labor market for disorders and health, misunderstanding of risks of secondary disorders and lack of prevention. In response, people with disabilities live alternatively between body and work, body and academic, try to prevent worsening of secondary disabilities at the individual level, continue to enter the hospital, or choose a life that puts health first. While experiencing secondary disabilities, people with disabilities experienced the threat of life, recognized life as having to endure and fought to the end, acknowledged the difference between the disabled and non-disabled people, and standed aloof from their ongoing secondary disability. It also requested institutional support. Based on the results of this study, medical-level measures, institutional support measures in the labor market, and social welfare practices were discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.15 no.7
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 2017

This study was an attempt to review of tuberculosis control projects supported by(Official Development Assistance: ODA) and to describe the meaning of the influencing factors. Also, the study aims to determine the exit strategies of donor countries to sustain these projects. The research was conducted reviewing of tuberculosis-related reports and documents, and understood the tuberculosis control projects in Philippines. There were 14 people who participated, and explored the sustainability limits using in-depth interviewing and observation method. Data from interviews and participant observations were analyzed to the phenomenological method by Colaizzi(1978). A total 4 categories were grouped on the final. The finding shows factors that affect the sustainability of these tuberculosis control projects within Philippines supported by ODA have been divided and explained as follow; "limit of workforce", "limit of finance", "limit of facility and equipment", "limit of participation". To sustain these projects, the following alternative plans have been exemplified; "strengthening professionalism", "strengthening education and public relations", "activated strategy for community involvement", "matching funds for financing". Furthermore, the study of integrated tuberculosis control projects will be needed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.8
• /
• pp.304-316
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the components of the adaptation experiences and factors that help male nurses adapt to clinical nursing settings. The participants were eight male nurses working at general hospitals. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using Giorgi's phenomenological analysis methods. The core components of the adaptation experiences of the participants in clinical nursing settings were summarized as 'dedication to work', 'challenges in reality that are different from expectations', 'establishing a professional identity', and 'self-development for the future'. The relationships between these components showed causative, accelerative, and recursive characteristics. The adaptation process was structured in the temporal context. In order for male nurses to adapt well to clinical nursing settings, policy efforts should be made to improve their working conditions and resolve inequalities, such as granting equal opportunities for promotion regardless of sex. In addition, it is essential for male nurses to have sufficient internal control for them to make self-directed efforts to strengthen their willpower and self-development efforts to facilitate their adaptation. This study suggests that developing suitable strategies and policy efforts based on the results is required to assist male nurses in adapting to clinical nursing settings.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
• /
• no.43
• /
• pp.87-110
• /
• 2014

This study is to understand the psychosocial experience in 'Cheonan Warship Incident Survivors'. The study question was how psychosocial experience in The Union of Family Bereaved by Cheonan Warship had been progressed. To answer this question 4 representers ofthe group and 2 reporters had been interviewed using a qualitative research method based on Phenomenology method. From this study the group's experience in had been revealed that they first crisis intervention are to identify and reinforce the strengths and coping skills of a one's family. Second, they gathered their opinion together and assigned the roles to the members, and then, requested what they want responding reasonably. The families' love, the representers' quick judgements and decisions, and the embarrassment of the military and media for the dead, who had been abandoned for long and decayed under the cold ocean, made the national support and respectful treatment possible for the dead and the family. The results of study will be applicable for individuals and groups, who need social work service as an empowerment intervention approach and crisis intervention are to identify and reinforce the strengths and coping skills of a one's family. The social worker's ability to anticipate, understand, and give therapeutic direction to the crisis reaction and the concerns of family members helps to bring around a successful crisis resolution. It is clear to us that wars, suicides, homicides in school settings, disaster and other events are providing unique challenges to social workers who are interested in learning more about the effects such events have on victims of traumatic events.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
• /
• v.139
• /
• pp.81-104
• /
• 2016

Given that the goal of study lies in the pursuit of truth and that philosophy asks questions about the origin of being, dealing with existence rather than essence is distant from the original meanings of philosophy. In spite of this, people talk about existence because it is closely related to the academic goals of phenomenology. It is true that phenomenology is Wesenswissenschaft ("the science of essences") in that it tries to restore the original nature of philosophy and establish philosophy as a strict science, but it cannot be ignored in phenomenological research that essence starts from existence. The purpose of this study is to examine the issues that traditional philosophy has sought after and missed by focusing on the issue of "existence." Existence is man's participation in the world, thus being expressed as being-to-the-world. All that has been perceived is understood in total unity and accordingly cannot be restored to ideological essence. In the end, the issue of existence should make a new start at the root of perception. Man is a thinking being and, at the same time, acting being. Here, an attempt to determine the priority between thinking and acting will be meaningless, indeed, and make an issue where there is none. Human beings will not thus stay at Descartes cogito argument' and try to go out into the world through the door opened by cogito. With these reasons in mind, this study examines the issue of existence with a focus on a phenomenal field and body.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.593-604
• /
• 2019

This study is a phenomenological study attempted to examine adaptation of North Korean defectors to life in the South Korean society in a comprehensive and in-depth way. Data were collected from July 2016 to June 2017 by conducting interviews with 10 North Korean defectors about their experience in adaptation to life in the South Korean society. The collected data were analyzed by the Colaizzi method. The original data obtained from the participants were structured into 19 themes, 6 theme clusters and 4 category. The 4 category included 'to face the different world', 'lives as a stranger', 'to adapt something', 'to reach self-realization'. The 6 theme clusters included 'encounter with new world', 'psychological pain', 'obstacles of the reality', 'drifting in the South Korean society', 'becoming a member of South Korea' and 'an independent life'. Based on the results of this study, it would be necessary to conduct a repetitive study on the process of adaptation of North Korean defectors to life in the South Korean society, to develop an intervention program to help them adapt to the South Korean society, and to verify the effects of the developed program.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.8
• /
• pp.651-661
• /
• 2021

This study was conducted to examine the experiences of nursing students during a clinical practicum at a university hospital in the Seoul metropolitan area. The participants of the study were 12 senior nursing students from J city, and the data was collected from September 29 to October 12, 2017, using interview questionnaires. The collected data was analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis method. As a result of this study, there were three categories and nine theme clusters. In the category of 'high-quality practical education', 'the participants had high expectations prior to the practicum' and 'satisfaction with the practical instruction of education' as well as identified 'the opportunity to consider for future career'. In the category of 'experiences with independent social life', the participants described about their 'freedom away from everyday life', 'challenges of problem-solving alone', and identifying 'the importance of human relationships' in unfamiliar surroundings. In the category of 'lack of support system in practicum', the participants reported 'difficulties in preparing for practicum due to lack of information', 'lack of financial support' and 'the fear of living in an unsafe environment'. The results of the study will be used to as a basic data to find a high-quality clinical practice education environment by identifying what clinical practice students experience at university hospitals in the metropolitan area.