• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.120-120
• /
• 2006

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.147-153
• /
• 1995

The cultured mycelial cells of Ganoderma lucidum was extracted by alkali, and then neutralized by acid. The extract was passed through the column of DEAE cellulose for more purification. The neutral fraction was concentrated and precipitated with 95% ethanol. The precipitate was lyophilized and then PSG(polysaccharides) was obtained. PSG was composed of 82.2% polysaccharide, 0.7% protein and 17.1% uronic acid. Sugar conjugates of its hydrolysates were produced using with fluorescent compound(7-amino-1,3-naphthalene disulfonic aicd : 7-AGA), and then fluorescent labeled sugar conjugates were separated by reverse phase high perfomance liquid chromatography. Hydrolysates of PSG were composed of sixteen amino acids and 95.7% glucose, 2.7% xylose, 1.6% fucose and tract amount of galactose and mannose. The immunomodulating effects of PSG on macrophage were perfomed using murine macrophage cell line ATCC TIB 71 cells. PSG augumented the phagocytic activity of TIB 71 cells against fluorescent latex beads.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.102-113
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of Seungyangikkitang (SIT) on the immune cells in BALB/c mice. SIT (500mg/kg) was administerd p.o. once a day for 7 days. SIT enhanced the proliferation of thymocytes, but decreased the proliferation of splenocytes. SIT enhanced the subpopulation of cytotoxic T cells in thymocytes and helper T cells in splenocytes, but did not affect the subpopulation of B220/Thy1 cells. SIT enhanced the production of γ-interferon and interleukin-2 in thymocytes, splenocytes and serum, but did not affect the production of interleukin-4. SIT suppressed the production of nitric oxide, but enhanced the lucigenin chemiluminescence and the engulfment of FITC-conjugated E. coli particles in peritoneal macrophages. These results suggest that SIT has a potent activity on the specific immunity via the cytokine secretion of Th1 cells and the non-specific immunity via the phagocytic activity of macrophages in vivo.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.412-418
• /
• 2001

The effects of dietary $\beta$-glucan administration on non-specific immune parameters in common carp, Cyprinus carpio, (1.0 g and 68.7 g of body weight) and flounder, Paralichthys olivcaces (12.1 g and 54.0 g of body weight) were evaluated. All fishes were fed an experimental diet supplemented with $\beta$-glucan at $0.1\%$ per kg diet for 5 weeks. A week intermission with basal diet occurred between first 2 weeks and second 2 weeks of $\beta$-glucan administration, The changes in the numbers of peripheral neutrophils and macrophages were counted under light microscopy and serum lysozyme activity was also analysed at a week of interval during the experiment. Phagocytic activities of leucocytes from the swimm bladder of carp and the peritonium of flounder were measured 5 weeks after feeding. The oral adminisration of $\beta$-glucan induced significant reduction in mortality after an artificial challenge with $1\times10^6$ cells of Aeromonas hydrophila in larger carp and $1\times10^5$ cells of Edwardsiella tarda in larger flounder but did not in other groups. The numbers of peripheral macrophages and neutrophils, phagocytic acitivies of leucocytes, and the activity of serum lysozyme were greatly increased in the fish fed a $\beta$-glucan supplemented diet. These suggest that $\beta$-glucan administration by oral route can enhance leucocyte phagocytic activity, serum lysozymal activity, and survival rate against artificial infections depending on the infected fish size and challenged bacterial concentration.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.302-306
• /
• 1998

In the previous study we described the antitumor activity of GLB, a protein-polysaccharide fraction of the growing tips of Ganoderma lucidum, against sarcoma 180 solid tu mor in ICR mice. In this study we investigated the stimulatory activity of GLB on macrophages. When analyzed using a flow cytometer, GLB ($100{\mu}g/ml$) was found to increase the phagocytic activity of the BALB/c mouse peritoneal macrophages as well as chicken macrophage BM2CL cells against FITC-labeled C.albicans by 55.2% and 21.2%, respectively. GLB also increased the spreading and the expression of MHC class II molecules of BM2CL cells as well as the mouse peritoneal macrophages. From these results, it is clear that GLB is a strong stimulator to the macrophages.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.1217-1222
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of the administration of Juglandis Semen without inner cortex (JE) or with inner cortex (JEIC) on activity of splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages in BALB/C mice. JE (300 mg/kg, p.o.) did not affect the cell viability of T- and B-lymphocytes in murine splenocytes, but JEIC (300mg/kg, p.o.) increased the cell viability of T- and B-lymphocytes. Furthermore, JE decreased the population of B220$^+$ cells in splenocytes, but JEIC enhanced the population of Thyl$^+$ cells. Also, JEIC enhanced the population of splenic CD4$^+$ cells. JE decreased the production of nitric oxide and the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages, but JEIC increased the production of nitric oxide and the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages. These results suggest that JEIC is more potent than JE against the immune response induced by splenocytes and macrophages.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.405-409
• /
• 2005

Cellular components of Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis (heat-killed whole cells, cytoplasm, and cell walls) were tested for their in vivo immunopotentiating activities. Peritoneal macrophages from mice injected intraperitoneally with cell-wall fractions exhibited significantly greater phagocytic activity than groups injected with whole cells or cytoplasm fraction. Cytotoxicity of natural-killer cells was highest in cytoplasm fractions. Production of cytokines (IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-12) in spleen cells was significantly higher when cellular components were injected intraperitoneally, and tended to be higher in whole-cell and cytoplasm groups than in cell-wall group. These results demonstrate lactic acid bacteria whole cells and their cytoplasm and cell-wall tractions have immunopotentiating activities.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2006

Purpose : The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of Kamibojoongikkitang (KBT) on the immune cells in C57BL/6 mice. Methods : KBT (500mg/kg) was administerd p.o. once a day for 7 days. Results : KBT decreased the cell viability of thymocytes in vivo and in vitro system and decreased the cell viability of splenocytes in vivo, but increased the viability of splenocytes in vitro system. In addition, KBT did not affect the population of helper T (Th) cells and cytotoxic T (Tc) cells in thymocytes and decreased the population of T- and B-lymphocytes and the population of Th and Tc cells in splenocytes. Furthermore, KBT did not affect the production of ${\gamma}%-interferon and interleukin-4 in splenocytes. KBT increased the production of nitric oxide in vivo but decreased the production of nitric oxide in vitro system. KBT enhanced the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages in vivo, but decreased the phagocytic activity in vitro. Conclusion : KBT has an inhibitory action on the specific immune response via decrease of the cell viability of thymocytes and splenocytes and has a potent action on the non-specific immunity via increase of phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.221-246
• /
• 2004

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Kamikwiryongtang (KKT) on the immune response and growth in a young mouse (3 weeks mice). Methods The viability of thymocytes and splenocytes in vivo and in vitro system, the population of helper T (Th) cells and cytotoxic T (Tc) cells in thymocytes and increased the population of T-lymphocytes and the population of Th cells in splenocytes, the production of ${\gamma}$ -interferon, interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 in splenocytes was investigated. KKT (500mg/kg) was administerd p.o. once a day for 7 days. Results: KKT increased the viability of thymocytes and splenocytes in vivo, but did not affect the viability of thymocytes and enhanced the viability of splenocytes in vitro system. In addition, KKT did not affect the population of helper T (Th) cells and cytotoxic T (Tc) cells in thymocytes and increased the population of T -lymphocytes and the population of Th cells in splenocytes. Also, KKT increased the production of ${\gamma}$-interferon, interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 in splenocytes. Furthermore, KKT increased the production of nitric oxide in vivo, but did not affect the production of nitric oxide in vitro system. KKT enhanced the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages in vivo, but decreased the phagocytic activity in vitro system: KKT increased the body weight of a young mouse. Conclusions: KKT stimulates the specific immune response via increase of, the viability of thymocytes and splenocytes and the non-specific immune response via increase of phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages and stimulates the growth of a young mouse.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.20-29
• /
• 1992

Effects of squalene on cellular and non-specific immune responses and antitumor activity in mice were investigated. Cellular and non-specific immunological assay parameters adopted in the present study were delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction and resette forming cells (RFC) for cellular immunity, activities of natural killer (NK) cells and phagocyte for non-specific immunity. Squalene resulted in marked increases of cellular and non-specific immune functions and enhancement of host resistance to tumor challenge in dose-dependent manner.