• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.155-175
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• 2010

Most of the service industries including finance and telecommunications have become matured and saturated. The competitions have become severe while the differences among brands become smaller. Therefore maintaining good relationships with customers has been critical for the service providers. In case of credit card and debit card, the similar patterns are shown. It is important for them to maintain good relationships with customers, and therefore, they have used marketing program which provides customized services to customers and utilizes the membership programs. Not only do they build and maintain good relationships, but also highlight their brands from the emotional aspects. For example, KB Card or Hyundai Card uses well-known designers' works for their credit card design. As well, they differentiate the designs of credit cards to stress on their brand personalities. BC Card introduced the credit card with perfume that a customer would like. Even though the credit card is small and not shown to public easily, it becomes more important for those companies to touch the customers' feelings with the brand personalities and their images. This is partly because of changes in consumers' lifestyles. Y-generations becomes highly likely to express themselves in many different ways and more emotional than X-generations. For the Y-generations, therefore, even credit cards in the wallet should be personalized and well-designed. In line with it, credit cards with good design can be seen as an example of brand identity, where different design for each customer can be used to recognize the membership groups that customers want to belong. On the other hand, these credit card companies offer the special treatment benefits for those customers who are heavy users for the cards. For example, those customers who love sports will receive some special discounts when they use their credit cards for sports related products. Therefore this study attempted to explore the relationships between relational benefits, brand identification and loyalty. It has been well known that relational benefits and brand identification lead to loyalty independently from many other studies, but there has been few study to review all the three variables all together in a research model. Furthermore, as reviewed above, in the card industry, many companies attempt to associate the brand image with their products to fit their customers' lifestyles while relational benefits are still playing an important role for their business. Therefore in our research model, relational benefits, brand identification, and loyalty are all included. We focus on the mediating effect of brand identification. From the relational benefits perspective, only special treatment benefit and confidence benefit are included. Social benefit is not applicable for this credit card industry because not many cases of face-to-face interaction can be found. From the brand identification perspective, personal brand identity and social brand identity are reviewed and included in the model. Overall, the research model emphasizes that the relationships between relational benefits and loyalty will be mediated by the effect of brand identification. The effects of relational benefits which are confidence benefit and special treatment benefits on loyalty will be realized when they fit to the personal brand identity and social brand identity. In the research model, therefore, the relationships between confidence benefit and social brand identity, and between confidence benefit and personal identity are hypothesized while the effects of special treatment benefit on social brand identity and personal brand identity are hypothesized. Loyalty, then, is hypothesized to have positive relationships with personal brand identity and social brand identity. In addition, confidence benefit among the relational benefits is expected to have a direct, positive relationship with loyalty because confidence benefit has been recognized as a critical factor for good relationships and satisfaction. Data were collected from college students who have been using either credit cards or debit cards. College students were regarded good subjects because they are in Y-generation cohorts and have tendency to express themselves more. Total sample size was two hundred three at the beginning, but after deleting those data with many missing values, one hundred ninety-seven data points were remained and used for the model testing. Measurement items were brought from the previous literatures and modified for this research. To test the reliability, using SPSS 14, chronbach's α was examined and all the values were from .874 to .928 exceeding over .7. Using AMOS 7.0, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to investigate the measurement model. The measurement model was found good fit with χ²(67)=188.388 (p= .000), GFI=.886, AGFI=.821, CFI=.941, RMSEA=.096. Using AMOS 7.0, structural equation modeling has been used to analyze the research model. Overall, the research model fit were χ²(68)=188.670 (p= .000), GFI=.886, AGFI=,824 CFI=.942, RMSEA=.095 indicating good fit. In details, all the paths hypothesized in the research model were found significant except for the path from social brand identity to loyalty. Personal brand identity leads to loyalty while both confidence benefit and special treatment benefit have a positive relationships with personal and social identities. As well, confidence benefit has a direct positive effect on loyalty. The results indicates the followings. First, personal brand identity plays an important role for credit/debit card usage. Therefore even for the products which are not shown to public easy, design and emotional aspect can be important to fit the customers' lifestyles. Second, confidence benefit and special treatment benefit have a positive effects on personal brand identity. Therefore it will be needed for marketers to associate the special treatment and trust and confidence benefits with personal image, personality and personal identity. Third, this study found again the importance of confidence and trust. However interestingly enough, social brand identity was not found to be significantly related to loyalty. It can be explained that the main sample of this study consists of college students. Those strategies to facilitate social brand identity are focused on high social status groups while college students have not been established their status yet.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02b
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• pp.513-520
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• 2008

Today, 3D cyber space with advancements of Web 3D technique is changing into a social space. As such, the users want to make social relationships, the impression that one leaves in 3D cyber space has become more important. This study will be confirm a relationship between interpersonal relations and impression and show some impression formation factors in 3D cyber space. As this study analyzes the characteristic elements of 3D cyber space which are differentiated with other platform, it has theoretical value to support theory about personal relationship in3D cyber spaces. Then it will be a supporting theory for next study about intercultural and social phenomena in changeable 3D cyber space as advancement of technique. We will find out the causal relationship between impression dimensions and formative factors in next study.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.74-79
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• 2019

As the desire for healthcare increases due to the ageing population and the well-being boom, interest in fitness is increasing. People go to the fitness center to exercise, but many people do not know how to exercise, so they often make the order of exercise and the exercise posture wrong. This not only reduces the effectiveness of the exercise, but also increases the risk of injury. This paper describes the development process of fitness system using smart mirror. This system allows people to follow the motion by themselves in front of the smart mirror, and if the exercise posture goes wrong, in real time it checks and corrects for the wrong point. By using this system, people will be able to exercise by themselves in the right posture without the help of a trainer. Also, as a result, people will be able to exercise at any time they want without the constraint of time commitment with a trainer and the cost will be reduced.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.29-49
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• 2010

In an increasingly digital world, knowledge and information accessibility is becoming a key factor to personal, professional and national development. But only 5% of the world's publishing output is made accessible in alternative formats for people who cannot use print. People with disabilities say that the biggest barrier to access to the material they want or need to read is a lack of accessible information. This study aims to analyze the development policies(governance and role, funding and support, production and distribution system, etc.) of alternative formats for people with disabilities in major countries(Australia, Canada, Japan, Korea, Sweden, UK, and USA). And result of this preliminary study will be used as background information for development of the national plan and role model for production and distribution of the alternative formats in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.243-246
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• 2002

It is expected that intelligent broadcasting service (IBS) will be able to provide broadcast programs based on user preference and program-associated information (metadata) in order to assist users to easily navigate the program contents being broadcast. So users can access program contents anytime/anywhere in the way they want. In this paper we propose a framework for IBS based on an intelligent software agent platform so called FIPA (Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents). We use an FIPA implementation. so called FIPA-OS, as a platform for exchanging user preferences and program information as FIPA messages between a server and clients. The user preference is modeled as the User Preference description scheme in MPEG-7 MDS (Multimedia Description Scheme).

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.55-66
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• 2009

In this paper, I will discuss how the Internet has spread rapidly in our lives. Large portals and social networks experience service attacks that access personal customers' databases. This interferes with normal service through DDoS (Distribute Denial of Service Attack), which is the topic I want to discuss. Among the types of DDoS, TCP SYN Flooding attacks are rarely found because they use few traffics and its attacking type is regular transaction. The purpose of this study is to find and suggest the method for accurate detection of the attacks. Through the analysis of TCP SYN Flooding attacks, we find that these attacks cause Backscatter effect. This study is about the algorithm which detects the attacks of TCP SYN Flooding by the study of Backscatter effect.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.95-111
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the information searching behavior of consumer by type of medical institution. A questionnaire survey was conducted of 1,507 persons who were selected through a multi-stage stratified area cluster sampling in nationwide level, excluding Jeju-Do. Personal survey was conducted through door-to door survey from 27 July to 10 August 1999. The main results of this research was as following; 1. The proportion of information searching of respondents ranged from 91.5-95.2%. Even though the proportion of user in university hospital was slightly high, there was not significant statistically by type of medical institution. In terms of information source, personal informer was most common information source in all type of medical institution. Public informers were more frequently used in university hospital visitors and professional informer in general and university hospital visitors. 2. Comparing to searching intensity, user informer and professional informer's influences were more powerful, but not statistically significant. In analysis of unit influence for information source, written informer or public informer was more powerful in clinic visitor, professional informer and written informer in university hospital visitor. 3. Information which consumer want to know mostly were about on special potential and career of physician. The clinic visitor wanted to know about institutional location and kindness of medical personnel. The university hospital visitor also wanted to know about facilities and convenience of process. Comparing to institution selection criteria of consumers at 1991, quality related criteria were recognized more importantly in outpatient and dental services. But in case of inpatient services, convenience factor was recognized more importantly. In conclusion, the effort for specific marketing plan by type of medical institution should be needed. And more concern on information searching behavior of consumer will be needed.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.175-182
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a software education ecosystem model for activating software education donation. First, in order to investigate current software education donation status, we will conduct a survey on software education donors and analyze the results. 39.6% of the software education donors responded that they were introduced to software education donation activities through their affiliated companies, institutions, organizations. Therefore, it can be seen that the promotion of software education donation activities is the most effective by promoting through software companies, organizations, and organizations and using human networks. The subjects of software education donation activities were the highest at middle school students (73.9%), and the contents of software education donations were the highest at programming practice (63.3%). Donors' satisfaction with software education donation activities was 57.9%. The social support for SW education donors was in the order of software education contents support, activity cost support, equipment and network support, and place sponsorship. 87.4% of donors were willing to continue to donate to software education. The reason why they did not want to continue donating software education was 'lack of personal time' (65.4%). Therefore, it is necessary to develop appropriate social support and incentive system to overcome shortage of personal time in order to activate software education contribution. In order to promote sustainable software education donations, it is essential to establish a virtuous circle of software education donation ecosystem based on cooperation and solidarity with various organizations such as government, corporations, institutions, universities and civil society organizations.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.263-270
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• 2020

The growth of the mobile app markets has made it popular among people who recommend relevant information about restaurants. The recommendation service app based on AI Chatbot is that it can efficiently manage time and finances by making it easy for restaurant consumers to easily access the information they want anytime, anywhere. Eating out consumers use smartphone applications for finding restaurants, making reservations, and getting reviews and how to use them. In addition, social attention has recently been focused on the research of AI chatbot. The Chatbot is combined with the mobile messenger platform and enabling various services due to the text-type interactive service. It also helps users to find the services and data that they need information tersely. Applying this to restaurant recommendation services will increase the reliability of the information in providing personal information. In this paper, an artificial intelligence chatbot-based smartphone restaurant recommendation app using personalization information is proposed. The recommendation service app utilizes personalization information such as gender, age, interests, occupation, search records, visit records, wish lists, reviews, and real-time location information. Users can get recommendations for restaurants that fir their purpose through chatting using AI chatbot. Furthermore, it is possible to check real-time information about restaurants, make reservations, and write reviews. The proposed app uses a collaborative filtering recommendation system, and users receive information on dining out using artificial intelligence chatbots. Through chatbots, users can receive customized services using personal information while minimizing time and space limitations.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.83-97
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• 2023

The growth of the live commerce market allows you to conveniently and simply start live commerce anytime, anywhere with a smartphone. The use of smartphone services provides continuous communication and is used while feeling psychological attachment, and it leads to psychological attachment, self-consistency with consumers themselves, and self-identity. This study focuses on the motives and perceptions of consumers using live commerce. In other words, we will examine the relationship with service attachment through the moderating effect of self-efficacy and control focus tendency as consumers' personal and psychological characteristics. In other words, the tendency of regulatory focus, which determines the direction of behavior of consumers according to their motives and goals, affects the service attachment of live commerce. We believe that self-efficacy, which is personal confidence and belief that you can plan and execute on your own for the desired outcome in a given situation or task, will control this relationship. As a result of this research, consumers who highly perceive prevention focus were more likely to avoid negative consequences and pursue safety and obligations. Their attachment to live commerce services was stronger, offsetting their confidence and self-efficacy. When using live commerce services, the more they perceive that information acquisition is beneficial, the higher their belief, and self-efficacy, so service attachment, which is an emotional experience as well as a cognitive experience, is strongly formed for consumers with a preventive focus to avoid safety-seeking and negative consequences. Through the present research results, we believe that it will be helpful in operating strategies and management for companies and small business owners who want to understand the psychological behavior of consumers in using live commerce services.