• 분석과학
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.477-484
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• 2010

항균제 및 자외선 차단물질, 유기인계 난연제 등과 같은 personal care products는 개인이 일상생활에서 광범위하게 사용하는 비누, 화장품, 치약 등에 포함된 합성유기화합물로 하 폐수 처리시설에서 완벽하게 제거되지 않고 생활하수에 포함된 상당수의 양이 환경 중으로 배출되고 있다. 외국사례의 경우 하천, 해양, 토양, 저질, 생물상 등 다양한 환경매체에서 검출되고 있으며, 잔류성 생물농축성이 있어 지속적으로 노출시 생태계 및 인간의 건강에 심각한 영향을 끼칠 우려가 있다. 본 연구에서는 수질환경시료 중 15종의 personal care products를 액-액추출하여 GC/MS로 분석하였으며, 방법검출한계는 $0.004\sim0.273\;{\mu}g/L$의 범위를 나타내었다. 하천수에서는 TCEP, TCPP 등 2종이 검출되었으며, 하수처리장 시료에서는 triclosan, 4-MBC, EHMC, BP-3, TCEP, TPP, TBEP 등 7종이 검출되었다.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book I
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• pp.327-337
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• 2003

In recent years, the chemical modification of polymers has been a driving force in many industrial sectors. There was evidence that this might also be the case of perfluoropolyethers (PFPEs) in the personal care industry. To investigate this potential, a systematic study has been conducted at Solvay Solexis SpA (formerly Ausimont SpA), through the analysis of the organic chemistry suitable to modify PFPE structures, and through the examination of the properties of PFPE derivatives thus produced from the viewpoint of a cosmetic formulator.(omitted)

• 약학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 1998

Propionibacterium acnes is the pharmacological target site of antiacne drugs. We have examined the antiacne activity of ninety seven natural products which have been used as Korean traditional medicines in various skin disorders. The antibacterial activity of extracts from the natural products were evaluated against P. acnes ATCC 9616 by disc method. Twelve natural products showed the potent antibacterial activity against P. acnes, and were, selected for the minimal inhibitory concentration(MC) against P. acnes. MICs of nine extracts were below 0.3% (w/v) and Sophora flavescens showed the most potent activity with a MIC of less than 0.008%(w/v) against P. acnes. Thus, the results suggest that nine natural products including S. flavescens can be developed as sources of promising potent antiacne agents.

• 공업화학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.315-319
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• 1997

본 연구는 역상 액체 크로마토그래피를 이용하여 비이온 계면활성제의 propylene oxide 분포 및 고급 지방 알콜의 최적 분석 조건을 조사하였다. Propylene oxide 분포 및 지방 알콜의 탄소 길이를 분석하기 위해 UV 검출기를 사용할 수 있도록 유도체화 시켰으며 최적 분리 조건을 얻기 위해 분리관의 영향과 이동상의 조성 등을 실험하였다. 분리관은 Waters Symmetry $C_8(3.9{\times}150mm)$을 사용하였고 이동상은 methanol과 물을 이용한 기울기 용리에 의한 분석이 최적 조건이었다. 그리고 이들의 용리 거동은 log k'와 물의 부피 분율을 도시한 결과 좋은 직선성을 얻었고 고급 알콜의 정량성을 알아보기 위하여 검량선을 도시한 결과 직선성이 좋은 결과를 얻었다.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.352-367
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• 2021

Purpose: This research aims to examine gender preferences for men and women advertising models in Saudi advertisements. Saudi Arabia is known as one of the most gender-segregated society in the world, and it has gender-specific roles, characteristics, and behaviors that are undesirable for the other gender. Methodology: The questionnaire was developed with the help of earlier studies on perceptions towards advertising models and validated by a jury of experts and focus groups. The gender preferences for ten product categories (including automobiles, baby care products, cigarettes, cosmetics for women, fashion, food & beverages, motorcycles, personal care for men, personal care for women, sporting goods) were examined for men and women models. Similarly, three personal preferences characteristics for both genders (face beauty, voice quality, and Islamic dress), two characteristics for women models (body shape, femininity), and two characteristics for men models (height-weight balance, masculinity) were examined for men and women models separately. Finally, a survey was conducted to solicit responses from respondents (N=412). Findings: Results indicated significant gender preferences for gender-specific product categories and typical gender stereotypes in advertising models. Men models were preferred in men-specific products, and women models were required in women-specific products. Some product categories (including personal care for men and sporting goods) were ranked higher for men advertising models, while for women advertising models, other product categories (including personal care for women and cosmetics for women) were ranked higher. Masculinity was ranked highest as the preferred personal characteristic for men advertising models, while voice quality was highest for women advertising models. Finally, there is a significant difference between the preferred personal characteristic for men and women advertising models for three characteristics, including face beauty, Islamic dress, and masculinity and femininity. Implications: Saudi Arabia is a unique society with predominantly unique cultural dominance. Consequently, local culture greatly influences advertisements. It has stereotyped gender roles even in advertisements. This study will establish a baseline for further research on the subject area.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.45-48
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• 2001

The antioxidative effect of the extracts from the leaves and fruits of Acer ginnala against free radicals was studied by two different methods using DPPH radical-generating system, and hydroxyl radical-generating system $(Cu^{++}/H_2O_2\;system)$ which induces DNA strand breaking. Compared with well known antioxidative plants, green tea, Scutellaria baicalensis, the Acer ginnala extracts showed excellent radical-scavenging activity in DPPH radical-generating system and inhibited effectively hydroxyl radical induced-DNA strand breaking in a concentration-dependent manner in $Cu^{++}/H_2O_2$ system whereas the green tea extract stimulated the strand breaking at a low concentration. These results suggest that he extracts from the leaves and fruits of Acer ginnula could be good antioxidative agents.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.182-192
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• 1996

In this study, the relationship between wax matrix in lipstick and sweating was investigated by observing the change of size and shape of wax matrix with sweating by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). For observation by SEM, a lipstick sample was frozen in liquid nitrogen, then the oil in the lipstick was extracted out in cold isopropanol($-70^{\circ}C$) for 1-3days. After isopropanol was evaporated, the sample was sputtered with gold, and examined by SEM. When examined the sweated sample by SEM, the change of wax matrix underneath the surface from fine, uniform structure to coarse, nonuniform structure was observed, which was resulted from the caking of surrounding wax matrix. That is, the oil underneath the surface was migrated to the surface of lipstick with sweating, consequently the wax matrix at that region was rearranged into the coarse matrix. In case of flamed lipstick, sweating was delayed and the wax matrix was much coarser than that of unflamed one. Its larger wax matrix at surface region was good for including oil. The effect of molding temperature on sweating was also studied. As the molding temperature was increased, sweating was greatly reduced and the size of wax matrix was increased. It was also found that sweating was influenced with the compatinility of wax and oil. A formula consisting of wax and oil which have good compatibility has a tendency of reduced sweating and increased size of wax matrix. When pigment was added to wax and oil. It was also found that sweating was influenced with the passage of time by observing a thick membrane of wax on surface of lipstick after a month from molding. In case of some lipsticks, the size of wax matrix was altered to bigger or smaller. In conclusion, the structure of wax matrix at the surface region of lipstick was changed with the process of foaming, molding temperature, compatibility of wax and oil, addition of pigment, and the passage of time. In most cases, as the size of wax matrix was increased, sweating was reduced and delayed.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.328-332
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• 2006

This study aims to provide definitions and standardization for necessities that elderly people can use conveniently and properly in their daily lives and classify necessities for different purposes. First, standard terminologies were defined by reviewing the literature and the relevant laws related to daily necessities for the elders. Secondly, a concept for necessities for the elders was also defined through consultation with experts. Lastly, the elderly's necessities were selected and classified. The elderly's necessities are defined as aids that ordinary elderly people in normal aging process need for the purpose of the convenience of life and aids they wear or use to maintain or improve their health. In this study, the elderly's necessities are divided into three categories: necessities of health, necessities of Oriental medical aids and necessities of daily living. Each category is further classified as follows: Necessities of health include aids for personal medical treatment, aids for personal care and protection and aids for recreation. Necessities of Oriental medical aids include aids for personal medical treatment, aids for personal care and protection and others. Necessities of daily living include aids for personal care and protection, aids for personal mobility, aids for housekeeping, furnishings, aids for communication, information and signalling, aids for handling products and goods and aids for recreation. The classification of the elderly's necessities in this study can be used as basic information for further studies of demand for necessities for the elderly. The results will lay the foundation for a standardization system for the elderly's necessities and the development of silver industry.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2010

치주질환의 예방 및 치료 효과를 연구하기 위해 수 종의 천연물을 이용하여 P. gingivalis에 대한 항균력과 IL-$1{\alpha}$ 생성 억제율을 평가하여 1차 선별한 후 MMP-1 활성 억제율 평가와 SOD 활성평가를 수행한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. P. gingivalis에 대한 항균력 평가 결과 은행엽, 육두구, 대황, 후박, 구절초, 용아초, 목향, 세신, 산초, 회향 추출물에서 우수한 항균효과가 나타났다. 2. 인터루킨-$1{\alpha}$ (IL-$1{\alpha}$) 생성 억제율 평가 결과 은행엽, 작약, 육두구, 하고초, 후박, 과루, 산약 추출물이 우수한 IL-$1{\alpha}$ 생성 억제율을 나타내었다. 3. 매트릭스 메탈로프로테나제-1(MMP-1)의 활성 억제평가 결과, 육두구, 은행엽 추출물이 우수한 MMP-1 활성 억제율을 나타내었다. 4. 슈퍼록사이드 디스뮤타제 (Superoxide dismutase, SOD) 활성 평가 결과 은행엽, 산약, 육두구 추출물서 우수한 SOD 활성을 나타내었다. 5. 구강용 제품에 적용 시 은행엽 추출물은 우수한 잇몸질환 예방 및 치료 효능을 나타낼 수 있다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.349-357
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• 2007

Reports of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), and personal care products (PCPs) have raised substantial concern in important potable drinking water quality issues. Our study investigates the removal of EDCs, PhACs, and PCPs of 10 compounds having different physico-chemical properties (e.g., molecular weight, and octanol-water partition coefficient ($K_{OW}$)) by nanofiltration (NF) membranes. The rejection of micropollutants by NF membranes ranged from 93.9% to 99.9% depending on solute characteristics. A batch adsorption experiments indicated that adsorption is an important mechanism for transport/removal of relatively hydrophobic compounds, and is related to the octanol-water partition coefficient values. The transport phenomenon associated with adsorption may also depend on solution water chemistry such as pH and ionic strength influencing the pKa value of compounds. In addition, it was visually seen that the retention was somewhat higher for the larger compounds based on their molecular weight. These results suggest that the NF membrane retains many organic compounds due to both hydrophobic adsorption and size exclusion mechanisms.