• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.403-410
• /
• 2018

Lifestyle of adolescents cause a lot of health effects in the future. Therefore, in Korea, school health law was enacted and relevant business such as school education program is being carried out. This study was conducted to recognize symptom according to grade. A survey of youth health status was conducted at 19 middle and high schools in Seongnam city from May 2015 to December 2015. The survey made up of 14 questions which was about the health status satisfaction on the adolescent was conducted to investigate frequency by year and the respective health status of 6 grades. A total of 9,584 students responded to the survey, 58.22% answered that they were not free of constipation. 25.69% of respondents had no symptoms of headache, consequently over 70% of respondents had headache. 57.06% of respondents had no symptoms of low back pain and 34.7% had no symptoms of neck & shoulder pain, therefore over 50% of respondents had muscular skeletal symptoms. In menstrual history, only 17.95% of respondents said their period was regular and painless. In respiratory history, except cold, no nasal drop & obstruction has appeared in the group of 54.02%. And 62.97% of respondents had persistent cough usually with cold and 23.41% had cough with cold breeze even if not catch cold. In the third grade of high school students, there were many complaints of pain in various parts such as headache, back pain and shoulder pain, neck pain and menstrual pain, and there was a high rate of complaints of digestive system symptom and defecation symptom. More than half of respondent had constipation discomfort, headache and musculo-skeletal symptoms, menstrual problems and cough. In the third grade of high school students, the rate of complaints of pain complaints, digestive system symptoms, and bowel symptoms was high. Therefore, there is a need for measures and management for continuous health care and health promotion in accordance with students' symptoms and age at each grade level.

• 구강회복응용과학지
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.143-152
• /
• 2019

목적: 이번 연구의 목적은 치과대학병원 보존과로 근관치료적으로 의뢰된 환자들과 치아들의 특성을 진료기록을 통해 살펴보고 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하는 것이다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 2017년 1월부터 2018년 12월까지 한 치과대학병원 보존과에 내원한 환자들을 대상으로 환자의 진료기록을 통해 근관치료적으로 의뢰되었던 환자를 취합하였다. 총 1171명의 환자 기록을 분석하였다. 의뢰된 치아의 상태가 근관치료 전인지 근관치료 중인지 또는 근관 충전된 이후인지를 초진 당시의 방사선 사진과 진료기록 내용을 토대로 구분하여 3가지 군으로 정리해서 분석하였다. 결과: 의뢰된 치아들의 69.9%가 상, 하악 제1, 2대구치였다. 이전 기관에서 의뢰된 후 치과대학병원에 내원할 때까지 소요된 일수는 평균 9.03일이었고 의뢰서가 있는 경우가 65.6%였다. 주된 의뢰 이유로는 지속되는 임상 증상(통증, 종창, 누공)이 37.9%로 가장 많았으며 진단의 어려움 16.7%, 근관막힘 13.8%, 높은 해부학적 난이도 11.4% 순이었다. 세부적으로 근관치료 전에 의뢰된 경우에는 진단의 어려움이 많았고 근관치료 중에 의뢰된 경우에는 지속적인 임상 증상과 근관 막힘이 많았다. 근관 충전 후에 의뢰된 경우는 지속되는 임상 증상이 대부분이었다. 결론: 대구치인 경우 지속적인 임상 증상과 근관 막힘이 주된 이유인 비율이 높았고 전치의 경우 치근단 수술과 외상 치료의 비율이 높았다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제49권6호
• /
• pp.724-732
• /
• 2000

연구배경 : 심한 폐기능 장애가 만생 폐질환 환자에서 발생한 기흉은 그 정도가 심하지 않더라도 심한 호흡곤란을 일으켜 환자의 생명을 위협하기도 한다. 우선 공기 천자 및 흉관삽입을 시행한 후에도 공기누출이 지속되는 경우 흉강경을 이용한 수술적 치료로 공가누출을 근원적으로 막는 것이 가장 좋은 방법이다. 그러나 심한 폐 손상으로 흉강경 삽입을 할 수 없는 경우에는 삽입된 흉관을 통하여 흉막유착을 시도하게 된다. 흔히 사용되는 제재는 tetracycline, talc powder, silver nitrate 등이며 때로는 OK-432, 항암제인 bleomycin, mitomycin등이 사용되기도 한다. 한가지 방법으로는 실패한 경우 다른 약제로 재시도 하지만 그래도 공기누출이 지속되는 경우에는 입원기간이 장기화 되면서 경제적 손실이 따르고 호흡기 합병증이 발생가능하며 때로는 사망할 수도 있다. 또한 주로 사용되던 주사용 tetracycline과 doxycycline 마저 최근 국내 생산이 중단되어 새로운 흉막유착물로의 대체가 필요한 실정이다. 한편 외상등으로 발생한 혈흉에서 적절히 배액되지 않으면 섬유흉(fibrothorax)이 발생 하며, 심한 경우 외과적 흉막박피술로 이를 제거하여야 할 정도로 혈관 밖으로 나온 혈액은 흉강내에서는 강력한 자극제로서 조직간에 유착을 일으킨다는 사실이 이미 알려져 있어 이를 이용한 자가혈액 흉막유착술의 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 공기누출이 지속되는 기흉이 합병된 중증 만성 폐질환 환자에서 자가혈액 흉막유착을 시행하였다. 이들은 수술적 치료에 적응증이 되지 않았고 일차적으로 시행한 doxycycline 흉막유착술에 실패한 예이다. 흉관 삽입 후 폐가 충분히 펴진 다음에 정맥에서 채취한 환자의 혈액과 50% dextrose를 같은 비율로 섞은 용액을 흉관 또는 pig-tail 카테터를 통하여 흉강대로 주입하여 흉막유착술을 수회 시행하였다. 이의 효과와 통증의 정도, 합병증 여부를 확인하였고, 기흉 발생 이전과 흉막유착후의 호흡곤란 정도와 폐기능의 변화에 대하여 조사하였다. 결과 : 자가혈액 흉막유착술은 지속적인 공기누출이 있는 기흉을 가진 대부분의 대상환자에서 성공적이었으며 1예에서만 6개월 뒤 재발하였다. 자가혈액 흉막유착술 이전의 공기누출기간은 평균 18.4일 이었고 이후는 5.2일 이었다. 일차로 시행한 doxycycline 흉막유착술에 비하여 통증이 적었으며 시술중 4예에서 미열이 있었고 이외의 다른 합병증은 없었다. 평균 21개월(2~68개월)간 추적검사 하였는데 흉막유착은 8예에서 경도로 있었다. 기흉발생 이전과 흉막유착술 시행 후의 호흡곤란 정도와 폐기능 변화는 없었다. 결론 : 자가혈액은 흉막유착술에 이용될 수 있는 유용한 제재로 생각된다. 지속척인 공기유출이 있는 기흉에서 쉽고 적은 비용으로 효과적으로 사용될 수 있었고 시술중이나 시술후에 큰 합병증도 발견되지 않았으며 무엇 보다도 혈액은 얻기가 쉽다. 기존의 doxycycline을 이용한 흉막유착술에 비하여 환자가 통증을 적게 호소하여 편안할 뿐만 아니라 tetracycline계의 약물과 달리 혈액은 때로는 patch로 작용하여 공기누출을 막는 효과가 더 높으며 추적 관찰 결과 시술후의 늑막유착은 심하지 않았다. 따라서 중증 만성 폐질환 환자에서 지속적인 공기누출이 있는 기흉이 있고 수술적 치료에 의한 적용이 되지 않는 경우 자가혈액을 이용한 흉막유착술은 유용한 치료법이라고 사료된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.206-211
• /
• 2012

Here we described 8 patients treated with acupuncture and moxiburstion due to chronic postoperative pain as a comlication of gastrointestinal surgery. The patients were suffering from pain that continued for more than 6 months after laparotomy for gastric cancer (n=1), rectal cancer (n=2), cholangiocarcinoma (n=2), hepatocellular carcinoma (n=2) and ischemic colitis (n=1), respectively. Mean time elased from surgery were 31.25(${\pm}21.72$)months, pain grade on first visit by VAS(visual analogue scale, 0~10mm) was 3.75(${\pm}0.97$)point, and acupuncture and moxiburstion were performed 12.63(${\pm}5.74$)times during 5.5(${\pm}2.4$)weeks, on average. At the end of treatment, pain was decreased 2.75(${\pm}0.97$)point compared to first visit. Based on the that results, it is reasonable to assume that acupuncture and moxiburstion can be effective to persistent post-surgical pain after laparotomic gastrointestinal surgery, at least to some laparotomized patients.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.113-127
• /
• 2004

Objectives : The usage of acupuncture has gained popularity as an alternative method of treatment for certain chronic pain conditions. However, the efficacy of acupuncture in various diseases has not been fully established and the underlying mechanism is not clearly understood. In the present study, the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) applied to foot samli$(ST_{36})$ on the carrageenan-induced knee arthritic pain was examined. Methods : A common source of persistent pain in humans is the knee arthritis. Knee arthritis was induced by injection of 2 % carrageenan $50\;{\mu}l$ into the knee joint cavity. When rats developed pain behaviors, EA was applied for 30 min. under enflurane anesthesia with repeated train stimuli at the intensity of 10X of muscle twitch threshold. The weight bearing force of the hind limb was measured for an indicator of pain level after each manipulation. Results : The average weight borne by the hind limb during normal gait was 55% of total body weight, which was reduced to less than 10% after knee arthritis. EA improved the weight bearing of the arthritic hind limb significantly for the duration of 4 hr. EA applied to $ST_{36}$ point produced a significant improvement of stepping force of the arthritic foot lasting for at least 4 h. However, $GB_{31}$ point did not produce any significant increase of weight bearing force. The analgesic effect was specific to the acupuncture point since the analgesic effect on the knee arthritis model could not be mimicked by EA applied to a nearby point, $GB_{31}$. The relations between EA-induced analgesia and endogenous nitric oxide(NO) and inducible NO synthase(iNOS)/neuronal NOS was also examined. Results were turned out that both NO production and nNOS/iNOS protein expression which is increased by arthritis were suppressed by EA stimulation applied to $ST_{36}$ point. Conclusions : The data suggest 1) that EA produces a potent analgesic effect on the rat model of chronic knee arthritis pain in a point specific manner and 2) that EA-induced analgesia modulate endogenous NO through the suppression of nNOS/iNOS protein expression.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.149-152
• /
• 2004

Purpose: We assessed the clinical results of modified Brostrom procedure as a revision method after failure of a primary reconstruction. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of seven patients treated with Modified Brostrom procedure after failed lateral ankle ligament reconstruction between 1996 and 2002. Instability symptom developed average 4.7 month after the initial reconstruction surgery at other clinics. All patients had significant functional impairment before surgery and not responded to conservative protocols. Modified Brostrom procedure was applied to all patients. Results: The average follow up was 51 months (18 to 84). Seven of eight patients had clinical stability following revision reconstruction, six patients (75%) returned to their previous functional level. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scores averaged 87.5. There is no difference in active or passive range of motion of plantar flexion or dorsiflexion when compared to the contralateral ankle. However, three patients were noted to have lost some degree of inversion when compated to contralateral ankle. Two patients had osteochondral lesion and multiple spurs and had pain around the ankle that prevented their full recovery. One patient complained of persistent pain which was considered complex regional pain syndrome. Conclusion: Though the outcome of the Modified Brostrom procedure as a method of revision surgery was less satisfactory compared to the results of primary ankle reconstruction, it would be an appropriate option when concomitant abnormalities were not accompanying.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제59권4호
• /
• pp.374-378
• /
• 2016

Objective : A modified surgical technique of posterior cervical foramintomy called posterior cervical inclinatory foraminotomy (PCIF) was introduced in previous preliminary article. PCIF allows better preservation of facet joint and capsule than conventional techniques. The authors conducted a study to investigate long-term outcomes of PCIF. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed demographic, radiologic, and clinical data from the patients who underwent PCIFs at our institution. Criteria included a minimum of 48 month follow-up and PCIFs for patients with radiculopathy from foraminal stenosis (C2-T1; single or multilevel) with persistent or recurrent root symptoms despite conservative treatment for more than 3 months. Patients who had undergone previous cervical operation were excluded. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score was used for clinical follow-up, and radiologic follow-up was performed to compare the changes of cervical sagittal alignment, focal angle and disc-space height of treated segment. Results : The PCIFs were performed between April 2007 and March 2011 on 46 patients (32 males and 14 females) with a total of 73 levels affected. The average duration of follow-up was 74.4 months. Improvements in radiculopathic pain were seen in 39 patients (84.7%), and VAS score decreased from $6.82{\pm}1.9$ to $2.19{\pm}1.9$. Posterior neck pain also improved in 25 patients (71.4%) among 35 patients, and VAS score decreased from $4.97{\pm}2.0$ to $2.71{\pm}1.9$. The mean disc-space heights of treated segment were $5.41{\pm}1.03mm$ preoperatively and decreased to $5.17{\pm}1.12mm$ postoperatively. No statistically significant changes in cervical sagittal alignment, focal angle were seen during the follow-up period (Cox proportional hazards analysis and Student t-test, p>0.05). Conclusion : The PCIF is highly effective in treating patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, leading to long-lasting relief in pain. Long-term radiologic follow-up showed no significant spinal angular imbalance.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.16-20
• /
• 2018

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic results of surgical treatment for patients with sinus tarsi pain due to accessory talar facet impingement. Materials and Methods: Between July 2013 and July 2015, nine patients who underwent surgery for the accessory talar facet impingement were reviewed. The mean follow-up period was 18.6 months (12~36 months), and the mean age was 33.1 years (19~60 years). Previous trauma history, duration of symptom, and types of surgery were analyzed. The clinical results were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score and visual analogue scale (VAS). Radiographic results were assessed using Meary's angle, calcaneal pitch angle, heel alignment angle, and heel alignment ratio. Results: All patients had evident trauma history prior to the initial symptom. The mean duration of symptoms was 25.6 months (6~120 months). Four patients received only accessory anterolateral talar facet (AALTF) excision, and four patients received medial sliding calcaneal osteotomy (MSCO). One patient underwent both AALTF excision and MSCO. The AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score was significantly improved from 73 (62~77) preoperatively to 93 (67~100) postoperatively. The VAS score was decreased from 6 (5~7) preoperatively to 1 (0~5) postoperatively. The Meary's angle and calcaneal pitch angle showed no significant difference after surgery. The heel alignment angle and ratio increased from $-3.6^{\circ}$ ($-10^{\circ}{\sim}5^{\circ}$) and 0.22 (-0.15~0.6) preoperatively to $2.8^{\circ}$ ($1^{\circ}{\sim}5^{\circ}$) and 0.42 (0.3~0.6) postoperatively, respectively. Conclusion: If there is persistent sinus tarsi pain in patients with hindfoot valgus, accessory talar facet impingement caused by AALTF could be considered as a cause of chronic sinus tarsi pain.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.297-303
• /
• 2020

The musculoskeletal system can be involved as an extra-intestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease. Among these, myositis in ulcerative colitis (UC) is very rare. A 14-year-old girl was admitted due to severe shoulder tenderness. She had complained of left jaw pain and swelling for the past 10 days. Inflammatory markers were elevated with no evidence of infectious etiology. Myositis was suspected by shoulder magnetic resonance imaging. Three days after admission, she developed hematochezia. Muscle biopsy and colonoscopy was performed due to worsening left mandibular area pain and persistent hematochezia. Colonoscopy showed consistent findings with UC. She was finally diagnosed with UC with myositis as an extra-intestinal manifestation. She showed a dramatic response to UC treatment. Gastrointestinal symptoms were well-controlled. After 14 months, UC symptoms and muscle pain were aggravated, which were relieved after steroid and cyclosporin treatment. We report a unique case of UC initially presented with myositis, preceding gastrointestinal symptoms.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.148-153
• /
• 2011

Background: The number of cases employing thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has been increasing due to lower morbidity and mortality compared to open repair technique. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of TEVAR for thoracic aortic diseases. Materials and Methods: Sixteen patients underwent TEVAR from October 2003 to April 2010. Mean age at operation was 59 years (20~78 years), and 11 were male. Indications for TEVAR were large aortic diameter (>5.5 cm) upon presentation in 6 patients, increasing aortic diameter during the follow-up period in 4, traumatic aortic rupture in 3, persistent chest pain in 2, and ruptured aortic aneurysm in one. The mean diameter, length and the number of the stents were 33 mm (26~40 mm), 12 cm (9.5~16.0 cm), and 1.25 (1~2), respectively. Aortography employing Multi-detector computerized tomography (MDCT) technique was performed at one week, and patients were followed up in the out-patient department at one month, 6 months, and one year postoperatively. Results: Primary technical success showing complete exclusion of the aneurysm was achieved in 15 patients. One patient showed a small endo-leak (type 1). Four patients developed perioperative stroke: Three recovered without sequelae, and one showed mild right-side weakness. There was no operative mortality. Diameter of the thoracic aorta covered by stent graft changed within 10% range in 12 patients, decreased by more than 10% in 3, and increased by more than 10% in one during mean follow-up duration of 18 months (1~73 months). There was no recurrence-related death during this period. Conclusion: Intermediate-term outcome after TEVAR was encouraging. Indications for TEVAR could be extended for other thoracic aortic diseases.