• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5763-5765
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• 2012

Background: This study was conducted to determine levels of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant vitamin status in patients with oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer. Methods: The study group consisted of a total number of 80 subjects between the age 40-68 years, 40 with clinically and histopathologically proved cases of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer and 40 normal healthy, age and sex matched volunteers as controls. Levels of lipid peroxidation products as malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant vitamins as vitamin A and vitamin C were estimated and compared between the two groups. Results: There was a statistical significant difference in the mean MDA, plasma vitamin A and vitamin C in the oral and oropharyngeal cancer patients compared with the healthy controls (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Lipid peroxidation (MDA) is higher and plasma antioxidant vitamins like vitamin A and vitamin C were lower in oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer patients than healthy controls.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.679-688
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• 1999

The combined effects of iron and selenium status on glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity, cytochrome P-450 activity, and lipid peroxidation in the liver and intestinal mucosa of rats were investigated. In experiment one, four experimental groups (+Se+Fe, -Se+Fe, +Se++Fe, -Se++Fe) were manipulated for 3 weeks with intramuscular administration of irondextran (++Fe) and/or normal diet (+Fe) and deionized water (-Se) and/or selenium-supplemented deionized water (+Se). In experiment two, 2% dietary carbonyl iron (instead of the parenteral administration) was fed for 3 weeks to rats. Body weight of rats was significantly decreased in both parenterally and orally iron-overloaded groups (p<0.01), regardless of Se supplement. Serum iron was significantly increased in parenterally iron-overloaded groups but it was marginally increased in orally iron-overloaded groups. There was no significant difference in hemoglobin content among experimental groups in either experiment one or two. Total iron in the small intestine, intestinal mucosa, and livers was significantly high in both parenterally and orally iron-overloaded rats, regardless of selenium status. In the liver and intestine, GSHPx activity was significantly higher in all selenium-supplemented groups, compared to Se-deficient groups (p<0.01) and lipid peroxidation was significantly enhanced in both parenterally and orally iron-overloaded groups, compared to iron-adequate groups. There was no significant difference in cytochrome P-450 activity in the livers between groups in both experiment one and two. These results indicated that GSHPx activity in liver and intestinal mucosa was depended on selenium status, regardless of iron status, and iron-overload enhances lipid peroxidation in liver and intestinal mucosa by increasing the tissue iron content.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.1373-1376
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• 2000

The peroxidation status of tissues was estimated in broilers under acute or chronic heat stress ($32^{\circ}C$, 24 h, $5{\times}24h$) in the present study. The results showed that the lipid peroxide (LPO) concentrations in plasma and liver were elevated (p<0.05) by acute heat stress, and were not influenced in kidney (p>0.05). At the same time, no significant change of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the liver, kidney or plasma was observed. Under chronic heat exposure, the SOD activity in liver was increased (p<0.05) and the LPO concentrations in the liver and plasma were restored to the normal levels. The LPO level in kidney was not affected by chronic heat stress (p>0.05), but SOD activity was significantly decreased (p<0.01). The results suggested that the peroxidation was induced by acute heat stress and disappeared along with the time of heat exposure, and the peroxidation reactions were different among tissues.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.836-846
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• 2005

This study was performed to determine the effect of carotenoid-rich food consumption and smoking on the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in human. The subjects consisted of the health 210 middle-aged adults who visited health care center in the Inha University hospital. The blood and urine samples of the subjects were taken to analyze serum lipid profiles, plasma TBARS, total antioxidant status (TAS) and urinary 8-isoprostanes concentration. The anthropometric indices of the subjects were measured. The nutritional intake and the frequency of carotenoid-rich food consumption was determined by semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire survey. HDL-cholesterol level of the smoking subjects was significantly lower than that of the non-smoking subjects in men. In the analysis of the carotenoid-rich food consumption, the frequency of pepper and tomato consumption of the non-smoking subjects was significantly higher than that of the smoking subjects in men. In women, the Sequency of pear and peach consumption of the non-smoking subjects was significantly higher than that of the smoking subjects. HDL-cholesterol level of the high carotenoid rich food consumption group was significantly higher than that of medium and low group in women. TAS of the high carotenoid rich food consumption group was significantly higher than that of medium and low group. In conclusion, carotenoid intakes seemed to be effective to reduce lipid peroxidation and increase antioxidant status in the body. The frequency of the carotenoid-rich food consumption seemed to be lower in the smokers than in the non-smokers. However, further researches consisted of large-scaled and randomized clinical trials are required to determine whether carotenoids have any other beneficial effect in human. (Korean J Nutrition 38(10): 836$\sim$846,2005)

• Toxicological Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

Lipid peroxidation is a free radical oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid or arachidonic acid. This process has been related with various pathologies and disease status mainly because of the oxidation products formed during the process. The oxidation products include reactive aldehydes such as malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal. These reactive aldehydes can form adducts with DNAs and proteins, leading to the alterations in their functions to cause various diseases. This review will provide a short summary on the implication of lipid peroxidation on cancer, atherosclerosis, and neurodegeneration as well as chemical and biochemical mechanisms by which these adducts affect the pathological conditions. In addition, select examples will be presented where antioxidants were used to counteract oxidative damage caused by lipid peroxidation. At the end, isoprostanes are discussed as a gold standard for the assessment of oxidative damages.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.164-173
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• 2009

The anti-inflammatory effect of Spirulina fusiformis on monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation in mice has been investigated and compared with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Indomethacin. The paw volume, lysosomal enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation, anti-oxidant status and inflammatory mediator tumour necrosis factor-$\alpha$ were studied in control and monosodium urate crystal-induced mice after oral administration of Spirulina platensis in an experimental model for gouty arthritis. In the induced mice, the levels of lysosomal enzymes, inflammatory mediator tumour necrosis factor-$\alpha$, lipid peroxidation and the paw volume increased significantly, whereas the antioxidant status decreased when compared to control mice. $\beta$-glucuronidase and lactate dehydrogenase level were also found to be increased in untreated monosodium urate crystal-incubated polymorphonuclear leucocytes. After the oral administration of Spirulina fusiformis, the physical and biochemical changes observed in monosodium urate crystal-induced animals were significantly restored to near normal levels. The results clearly indicated the anti-inflammatory role of Spirulina fusiformis, a promising drug for gouty arthritis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.566-577
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• 1993

The study was to compare the effect of dietary fatty acids on fatty acid profile in tissue and the status of tocopherol and lipid peroxidation, and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities at two fat levels. Male Sprague Dawley rats weighing average 350g(17 weeks) were fed either low fat(LF, 4.3% w/w, 10% kcal) or high fat(HF, 20.8%, w/w, 40% kcal)diet for 6 weeks. The fats used were beef tallow as a source of saturated fatty acid, corn oil for n-6 linoleic acid, perilla oil for n-3 $\alpha$-linolenic acid and fish oil for n-3 eiocosapentatenoic acid(EPA) and n-3 docosahexaenoic acid(DHA). Palsma tocopherol was significantly reduced by fish oil compared to beef tallow at body fat level. However, there was no significant effect on the levels of plasma MDA, RBC MDA and tocopherol, and RBC hempolysis by the type and amount of dietary fat. The peroxidizibility index of fatty acid profile in plasma and liver was increased and liver MDA level was significantly increased by fish oil when dietary fat level was increased. The activities of SOD and GSHPx tended to be increased by perilla oil and fish oil at both fat oil significantly reduced the incorpration of c20:4 and increased the incorporation of c20:5 into liver compared to corn oil. The incorporation of n-3 fatty acids into tissue by perilla oil rich in $\alpha$-linolenic acid was significantly higher tan corn oil and its effect was improved with higher amount of perilla oil in diet by high fat diet. Overall, the lipid peroxidation of tissue could be prevented by tocopherol supplementation when dietary fat level was low in diet. However, at high fat diet, tocopherol supplementation might not be enough to prevent the lipid peroxidation in tissue since the potential for lipid peroxidation was tended to be increased with higher incorporation of higher unsaturated n-3 fatty acids into tissue. Therefore, it could not be recommended to consume large amount of fish oil even with excess amount of tocopherol supplemented to the high fat diet.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.457-463
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• 2008

The effects of dietary supplementation of the unrefined rice bran oil from 'Suwon 415' pigmented black rice (BRBO) on cholesterol metabolism and cellular antioxidant status were investigated in hypercholesterolemic rats. The significant reduction of total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations was observed in the plasma of rats fed BRBO. BRBO also decreased plasma and hepatic oxidative stress as a result of increased levels of hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels associated with the elevations of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities together with increased plasma level of tocopherol. This study indicates that dietary BRBO supplement can leads to the improvement of overall cholesterol metabolism and antioxidant status even more effectively than 'Chuchung' white rice (WRBO). Consumption of BRBO may also protect the liver from oxidative damage caused by lipid peroxidation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.1180-1187
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• 1997

Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor of atherosclerosis and has been reported to contain an abundance of free radical species which could be expected to deplete antioxidants such as vitamin C . The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between smoking, plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentration, and plasma vitamin C level. Fifty-five healthy male smokers and 32 non-smokers were investigated in the study. Mean age, body weight , BMI and blood pressure made no differences in both smokers and non-smokers. Significantly, smokers has higher plasma total cholesterol and LDL-C , and lower HDL-C /LDL-C ratio compared with non-smokers. Plasma level of thiobartiturin acid reactive substances(TBARS), indicator of lipid peroxidation and increased susceptibility of LDL towards lipid perosidation, were elevated in smokers(p<0.001), while the plasma vitamin C level of smokers was significantly lower than that of non-smokers(p<0.05), indicating that elevated lipid peroxidation are associated with decreased plasma vitamin C content. In non-smokers a significantly positive correlation was observed between dietary vitamin C intake and plasma levels, but no such association observed in smokers. Lack of such a relationship and the decreased plasma vitamin C level in the smokers suggest that smoking may cause increased turnover of the plasma antioxidant. Consuquently, the sustained free radical load derived from smoking causes an imbalance in oxidant/antioxidant status and it could be expected that cigarette smoking renders plasma LDL more susceptible to oxidative modification . In the present study the possible explanations for that cigarette smokers have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease include the changes of blood lipid and lipoprotein concentration, and plasma vitamin C status which might have protective functions against free radicals -medaited lipid peroxidation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.870-876
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• 1999

The relationship between exercise intensity, oxidative stress and antioxidant status has been studied in sixteen trained male athletes aged 20-25years. Subjects performed 30-40minutes of treadmill running at 65% of VO2 max(high intensity exercise). Blood samples were taken before and immediately after two exercise bouts for measurement of blood antioxidants, indices of lipid peroxidation and susceptibility of crythrocyte to peroxidation. Plasma concentrations of cholesterol(7.3%), vitamin C(7.5%) and uric acid(2.1%) were elevated a little after exercise at 65% of VO2 max(13.7%)were significantly high than before exercise(p<0.05). However, these exercise-induced changes could be partly due to significant decreases in plasma volume which occurred after both exercise bouts(p<0.05). Plasma volume decreased 5.85$\pm$2.06% and 11.25$\pm$2.87% with exercise at 65% and 85% of VO2 max, respectively. The erythrocyte susceptibility to peroxidation after exercise at 65% of VO2 max was unchanged compared with the value before exercise, whereas after exercise at 85% of VO2 max, it was significantly higher than after exercise at 65% and 85% of VO2 max as well as before exercise(p<0.05). A significant increase at 85% of VO2 max, it was significantly high than after exercise at 85% of VO2 max (29.10$\pm$4.76ug/g Hb)when compared with the level before exercise (24.61$\pm$3.45ug/g Hb)(p<0.05). The results suggest that exercise-induced changes in plasma levels of lipid peroxide and antioxidant need to be evaluated, taking the shift in plasma volume into consideration. Also, exercise at high intensity corresponding to 85% of VO2 max alters the erythrocyte antioxidant status in relation to exercise-induced of oxidative stress.