• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.464-471
• /
• 2006

본 연구에서는 흰쥐의 좌골신경을 손상시킨 후 트레드밀 운동을 적용하여 신경돌기 성장과 좌골신경의 축삭 재생 및 신경성장 인자 발현 그리고 신경기능지수의 변화를 연구했다. 본 연구결과 좌골손상 후 트레드밀 운동을 실시한 그룹이 비운동군에 비해 축삭재생이 촉진되었고, 원위부의 좌골신경에서도 NGF, BDNF단백질 발현이 상당히 증가된 것으로 나타났다. 또한 좌골신경지수를 검사한 결과에서도 운동을 실시한 흰쥐가 비운동 흰쥐에 비해 기능적 회복이 상당히 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 좌골손상 후 운동의 실시가 좌골신경의 축삭재생 촉진과 신경영양인자의 발현증가를 통해 기능적 회복에 도움이 될 수 있음을 보여주는 것이다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 1999

본 연구는 농약에 직업적으로 폭로되고 있는 농부들의 말초신경 기능을 평가하고자 농약살포 남성 농민 34명을 대상으로, 1998년 5월부터 1999년 2월에 걸쳐 실시하였다. 연구내용으로는 말초신경병변을 평가하기 위한 방법으로 현재 가장 많이 사용되고 있는 신경전도 검사를 우세 상하지의 청중신경, 척골신경, 비골신경, 후경골신경, 비복신경 대해 각 구간별로 나누어 실시하였다. 조사결과 조사대상자들은 평균 60세로서 농약살포 경력은 평균 33년이었다. 농사 유형은 주로 논, 밭, 고추 농사를 경작하고 있었으며 년간 평균 약 35일간 농약을 살포하였고 1일 살포시간은 약 9시간이었다. 또한 농약 중독 관련 증상을 경험한 적이 약 82%이상에서 보고되었다. 신경전도 검사상 조사원 모든 신정에서의 값이 정상범위에는 포함되었지만, 일부구간(척골감각 신경의 wrist-elbow, 후경골신경의 terminal latency)을 제외하고는 모두 참고치의 평균값보다 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 상대적 고폭로군과 저폭로군 간의 신경전도 검사치 비교에 의하면 정중감각 및 운동, 비골신경의 일부 구간 값이 고폭로군에서 높은 것을 제외하고는 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 이것은 고폭로군의 연령이 저폭로군보다 유의하게 낮기 때문으로 판단되며, 조사 대상자들의 값이 참고치 평균보다 떨어진 것도 연령이 높음으로 인한 것임을 연령군별 비교에 의해 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 향후 농약 폭로로 인한 미세한 말초신경 기의 이상여부를 조기에 파악하기 위해서는 감각역치 검사등 다론 신경학적 검사들을 함께 실시하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.100-107
• /
• 2004

Schwann cell, one of important components of peripheral nervous system, interact with neurons to mutually support the growth and replication of embryonal nerves and to maintain the different functions of adult nerves. The Ara-C, known as an antimitotic agent, have been used to have high effectiveness in eliminating fibroblasts during Schwann cell culture period. This enrichment effect is also known to be cummulative with each successive pulse of Ara-C applied and is due to a progressive loss of fibroblasts. But the cytotoxicity by Ara-C is also cummulative and noticeable over the period. To determine the most effective application time and interval of Ara-C in the Schwann cell culture, we observed the Schwann cell purity and density with the Ara-C treatment in plain and three-dimensional culture from dorsal root ganglion of new born rat. By culturing dispersed dorsal root ganglia, we can repeatedly generate homogenous Schwann cells, and cellular morphology and cell count with mean percentages were evaluated in the plain culture dishes and in the immunostainings of S-100 and GFAP in the three-dimensional culture. The Ara-C treated cultures showed a higher Schwann cell percentage ($31.0%{\pm}8.09%$ in P4 group to $65.5%{\pm}24.08%$ in P2 group), compared with that obtained in the abscence of Ara-C ($17.6%{\pm}6.03%$) in the plain culture after 2 weeks. And in the three-dimensional culture, S-100 positive cells increased to $56.22%{\pm}0.67%$ and GFAP positive cells to $66.46%{\pm}1.83%$ in G2 group (p<0.05), higher yield than other groups with Ara-C application. Therefore, we concluded that the Ara-C treatment is effective for the proliferation of Schwann cells contrast to the fibroblasts in vitro culture, and the first application after 24 hours from cell harvesting and subsequent 2 pulse treatment (P2 group in plain culture and G2 group in three-dimensional culture) was more effective than other application protocols.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.42-51
• /
• 2006

Schwann cell, one of important components of peripheral nervous system, interact with neurons to mutually support the growth and replication of embryonal nerves and to maintain the different functions of adult nerves. The Ara-C, known as an antimitotic agent, have been used to have high effectiveness in eliminating fibroblasts during Schwann cell culture period. This enrichment effect is also known to be cummulative with each successive pulse of Ara-C applied and is due to a progressive loss of fibroblasts. But the cytotoxicity by Ara-C is also cummulative and noticeable over the period. To determine the most effective application time and interval of Ara-C in the Schwann cell culture, we observed the Schwann cell purity and density with the Ara-C treatment in plain and three-dimensional culture from dorsal root ganglion of new born rat. By culturing dispersed dorsal root ganglia, we can repeatedly generate homogenous Schwann cells, and cellular morphology and cell count with mean percentages were evaluated in the plain culture dishes and in the immunostainings of S-100 and GFAP in the three-dimensional culture. The Ara-C treated cultures showed a higher Schwann cell percentage (31.0%${\pm}$8.09% in P4 group to 65.5%${\pm}$24.08% in P2 group), compared with that obtained in the abscence of Ara-C (17.6%${\pm}$6.03%) in the plain culture after 2 weeks. And in the three-dimensional culture, S-100 positive cells increased to 56.22%${\pm}$0.67% and GFAP positive cells to 66.46%${\pm}$1.83% in G2 group (p<0.05), higher yield than other groups with Ara-C application. Therefore, we concluded that the Ara-C treatment is effective for the proliferation of Schwann cells contrast to the fibroblasts in vitro culture, and the first application after 24 hours from cell harvesting and subsequent 2 pulse treatment (P2 group in plain culture and G2 group in three-dimensional culture) was more effective than other application protocols.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 1997

A peripheral nerve when approximation of the ends imparts tension at the anastomosis and with a relatively long segment defect after excision of neuroma and neurofibroma cannnot be repaired by early primary suture. The one of the optimistic reconstruction method of severed peripheral nerves is to restore tension-free continuity at the repair site putting an autogenous nerve graft into the neural gap despite of ancipating motor or sensory deficit of the donor nerve area. To overcome the deficit of the autogenous nerve graft, several other conduits supplying a metabolically active environment which is able to support axon regeneration and progression, providing protection against scar invasion, and guiding the regrowing axons to the distal stump of the nerve have been studied. An author have used ipsilateral femoral vein, ipsilateral femoral vein filled with fresh thigh muscle, and autogenous sciatic nerve for the sciatic nerve defect of around 10 mm in length to observe the regeneration pattern in rat by light and electron microscopy. The results were as follows. 1. Light microscopically regeneration pattern of nerve fibers in the autogenous graft group was more abundant than vein graft and vein filled with muscle group. 2. On ultrastructural findings, the proxial end of the graft in various groups showed similar regenerating features of the axons, myelin sheaths, and Schwann cells. The fascicular arrangement of the myelinated and unmyelinated fibers was same regardless of the type of conduits. There were more or less increasing tendency in the number and the diameter of myelinated fibers correlated with the regeneration time. 3. In the middle of the graft, myelinated nerve fibers of vein filled with muscle group were more in number and myelin sheath was thinner than in the venous graft, but the number of regenerating axons in autogenous nerve graft was superior to that in both groups of the graft. The amount of collagen fibrils and amorphous materials in the endoneurial space was increased to elapsed time. 4. There was no difference in regenerating patterns of the nerve fibers of distal end of the graft. The size and shape of the myelinated nerve fbers were more different than that of proximal and middle portion of the graft. From the above results, the degree of myelination and regenerating activity in autogenous nerve is more effective and active in other types of the graft and there were no morphological differences in either ends of the graft regardless of regeneration time.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.156-162
• /
• 2024

신경전도검사는 말초신경의 기능을 객관적으로 정량화 할 수 있어 말초신경병의 진단 및 추적관찰에 필수적인 검사로 활용된다. 신경전도검사는 여러 생리학적 요인에 의해 영향을 받으며, 현재 미국 신경근 및 전기진단 의학 협회(American Association of Neuromuscular & Electrodiagnosis Medicine)에서는 신경전도 표준화 사업(Normative Data Task Force, NDTF)을 구성하여 정상치를 제시하고 있으나, 그 수가 불충분하다. 현재 한국인을 대상으로 한 신장과 다리길이에 따른 신경전도속도를 함께 비교 및 상관관계를 조사한 연구가 존재하지 않아 본 연구를 통해 신장과 다리길이에 따른 하지 신경전도속도를 비교하고자 한다. 총 49명의 대상자를 모집하였으며, 키와 다리길이에 따른 운동신경전도검사와 감각신경전도검사를 비교한 결과, 키에 따른 양측 종아리신경 운동신경전도속도 및 좌측 정강신경의 운동신경전도속도 모두 통계적으로 유의한음의 상관관계를 보였으며, 다리길이에 따른 양측 얕은종아리신경 감각신경전도속도 및 양측 장딴지신경의 감각신경전도속도 모두 통계적으로 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 하지만 NDTF에서는 연령을 나누어 제시되는 것에 반해 이번 연구에서는 모든 대상자가 20대의 성인으로, 다양한 연령의 한국인을 대상으로 추가적인 연구를 통해 키와 다리길이에 따른 신경전도속도를 보다 정확하게 관찰할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.494-498
• /
• 2009

Schwannomas are tumors which originate from the neuroectodermal Schwann cell of cranial, intraspinal, peripheral and autonomic nerve sheaths, and they are solitary, benign, slow growing and well encapsulated neoplasm. Schwannomas are usually asymptomatic. No strong gender or age predominance exists. The incidence of extracranial schwannomas in the head and the neck region varies from 25~45%. In addition, schwannomas are rare in the maxillary sinus or buccal space. In this paper, it diagnosed and treated a 54-years old female patient, who had schwannoma in the maxillary sinus derived from infraorbital nerves, the branch of the left trigeminal nerve, and a 19-years old male patient, who had schwannoma arose in the buccal space derived from the buccal branch of the right facial nerve. There was no particular complication except sensory extinction of the nerve in the female patient and paralysis by the nerve in the male patient. It is determined those two cases of schwannoma in the rare portion is valuable and herein, it reports those with literature discussions.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 2001

Immunohistochemical and Electron Microscopical Studies on the Initial Skin Lesions Induced Experimentally by Very Virulent Strain of Marek\`s Disease Virus in Chickens Marek\`s disease virus (MDV), which is an avian herpesvirus, causes malignant CD3+CD4+CD8-T cell lymphomas at many sites including visceral organs, muscles, peripheral nerves and skin. In the early skin lesions induced by MDV, corelationship between the translational activity of MDV early gene, pp38 and demonstration of MDV particles in the lymphoid cells are not well studied. Therefore, skin biopsies taken at weekly intervals for 2 weeks from the same specific-pathogen free chicknes inoculated with Md/5 MDV were examined immunohistochemically and electron microscopically. In the skin biopsies sampled at 1 week and 2 weeks post inoculation (PI), feather follicle epithelium (FFE) exhibited usually strong positive reaction for pp38, whereas only few lymphoblasts, which were infiltrated around FFE revealed positive reaction. Electron microscopically, small lymphocytes were detectable in the dermis and subcutaneous skin tissues sampled at 1 week PI. The number of small lymphocytes was increased and pleomorphic lymphoblasts, which were medium to large in size were scattered among the small lymphocytes at 2 weeks PI. Some of lymphoblasts revealed degenerative and necrotic changes. FFE contained a lot of MDV particles in the nucleus including mature and immature ones. Infrequently, immature virus particles were observed not only in the degenerative and necrotic lymphoblasts, but also rarely in the health lymphoblasts. From the present results, spontaneous MDV activation including translational activity of MDV pp38 gene and formation of MDV particles was occurred in the lymphoblasts of early MD skin lesions.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.375-387
• /
• 2009

Objective : Gyehyuldeung (GHD) has been widely used in oriental medicine for the treatments of cardiovascular and neurological disorders. Thus, its potential facilitatory activity on axonal regeneration was investigated in the rats. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were given crush injury at the sciatic nerve and the changes of axon growth after nerve injury on each nerve injury model were investigated with anti-NF-200 antibody, DiI, GAP-43 protein and Cdc2 protein Results : GHD-mediated enhancement of axonal regeneration after crush injury was measured in both qualitative and quantitative ways by immunofluorescence staining with anti-NF-200 antibody and retrograde tracing of fluorescence dye DiI. GAP-43 protein levels were elevated by GHD treatments in the distal injured sciatic nerve and DRG sensory neurons. The neurite outgrowth of DRG sensory neurons was facilitated by GHD treatment when co-cultured with Schwann cells and astrocytes prepared from injured sciatic nerves and injured spinal cord tissues, respectively. It was observed that Cdc2 protein was up-regulated in co-cultured Schwann cells or astrocytes and Cdc2 protein signals were co-localized to a certain extent with those of phospho-vimentin protein. Conclusions : These results suggest that GHD may play a facilitatory role in axonal regeneration by acting on the injured axons and adjacent non-neuronal cells. The current findings may be useful for the development of therapeutic targets through more specific explorations on molecular interactions between herbal components and endogenous factors.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.53-78
• /
• 1999

As the average life span have been lengthened and the rate of senile population have been raised, chronic degenerative diseases incident to aging has been increased rapidly and become a social problem. With this social background, recently, the facts that oxygen radicals(OR) have toxic effects on Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System and cause neuropathy such as Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer Disease have been turned out, and accordingly lots of studies on the mechanism of the toxic effects of OR on nerves, the diseases caused by OR and the approaches to curing the diseases have been made. The purpose of this study is to examine the toxic effects caused by Glucose Oxidase(GO) and the effects of herbal extracts such as Chilbokyeum(CBY), Chilbokyeumga Acori Rhizoma(CAR), Acori Rhizoma(AR) on the treatment of the toxic effects. For this purpose, experiments with the cultured cell from the cerebrums of new born mice were done. The results of these experiments were as follows. 1. GO, a oxygen radical, decreased the survival rate of the cultured cells on NR assay, MTT assay and amount of neurofilaments and increased the amount of total protein, lipid peroxidation and the amount of LDH. 2. CBY have efficacy of increasing the amount of neurofilaments and total protein and decreasing lipid peroxidation and the amount of LDH. 3. CAR have efficacy of increasing the amount of neurofilaments and total protein and decreasing lipid peroxidation and the amount of LDH. 4. AR have efficacy of increasing the amount of neurofilaments and total protein. From the above results, It is concluded that Chilbokyeumgamibang has marked efficacy as a treatment for the damages caused in the GO-mediated oxidative process. And Chilbokyeumgamibang is thought to have certain pharmacological effects on controlling over aging and treating Dementia. Further clinical study of this pharmacological effects of Chilbokyeumgamibang should be complemented.