• 대한수의학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.635-646
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• 1996

To establish the effective ways to prevent bovine mastitis, the study has been performed to investigate the attributable factors causing down-regulation of immune responses in mammary gland of non-lactating cows. Lymphocytes from peripheral blood and mammary gland secretions(MGS) were obtained from normal healthy cows and mastitic cows, respectively. Cellular immune responses were examined by comparison of proportion of lymphocyte subpopulations using a set of monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry. The results obtained are as follows. 1. Proportions of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations expressing BoCD2 and BoCD4 molecules were 32.9%, 15.4% in mastitic cows and 43.3%, 28.3% in normal healthy cows, respectively. The ratios of BoCD4 to BoCD8 were 0.76 and 1.47, respectively. 2. Proportions of mammary gland lymphocyte subpopulations expressing BoCD2 and BoCD4 molecules were 18.5%, 8.3% in mastitic cows and 38.2%, 14.2% in normal healthy cows, respectively. The ratios of BoCD4 to BoCD8 were 0.6 and 2.0, respectively. 3. Proportions of T lymphocyte subpopulations from MGS were significantly lower than those from peripheral blood both in mastitic cows and normal healthy cows. However, lymphocyte subpopulations expressing ACT2 and ACT3, which represent activated T suppressor cells, were significantly higher in MGS than those in peripheral blood.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.1185-1191
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• 1992

Cell mediated immunity is depressed following surgical procedure and the degree of immunosuppression is directly related to the magintude of the procedure, blood transfusion, and length of operation. So we would expect cardiac operations to be highly immunosuppressive, although little is konwn about their immunosuppressive effect. The nearly complete consumption of complement factors and decreased levels of IgM and IgG resulting in an impaired opsonizing capacity. Additionally, peripheral blood mononuclear cell counts including T-and B-lymphocytes and T-cell subsets are reduced. Depression of cell-mediated immunity following open-heart surgery is potentially detrimental because it could increase the susceptability of patients to viral and bacterial infection. We reviewed 20 patients after cardiac operation to search for changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets. Lymphocyte subsets were measured by flow cytometer and the preoperative values of lymphocyte subsets were compared with those from the first, fourth, and seventh days after operation. After cardiac operation, total mumbers of T lymphocyte was severely depressed on the first postoperative day and returned to the preoperative level by the seventh day after operation. CD3, CD4, and CD8 lymphocytes were decreased on the first postoperative day and returned to the preoperative level by the seventh day also. There was four cases of wound infection and these patients had increased CD4 lympocyte and more decreased CD19 lymphocyte compared with the non-infected group. It is concluded from these data that cell-mediated immunity is significantly depressed for at least one week following open-heart surgery and this result was closely related to the postoperative infection.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.93-99
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• 1989

본 교실의 연구결과에 의하면 토끼와 흰쥐에서 수정란 착상시기에 peripheral lymphocyte와 thymocyte의 활성도가 저하될 뿐만 아니라 착상기간중 생성되는 prostaglandin E(PGE)의 생리적인 농도로도 peripheral lymphocyte와 thymocyte의 활성도가 억제되었다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 흰쥐의 착상시기에 전신적인 면역기능 뿐만 아니라 국소적으로 DLN lymphocyte의 활성도가 억제되는지를 관찰하고 PGE가 어떠한 기전으로 모체의 면역기능을 억제하는가를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 흰쥐의 착상시기에 DLN lymphocyte의 활성도가 임신하기 않은 흰쥐의 DLN lymphocyte에 비하여 통계적으로 유의하지는 않으나 저하되었으며 이러한 저하현상은 100% 흰쥐에서 관찰되었다. 2. 착상시기의 DLN lymphocyte에 prostaglandin 합성억제제인 indomethacin(ID)를 처리하면 DLN lymphocyte의 활성도가 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다. 그러나 임신하지 않은 흰쥐의 DLN lymphocyte의 활성도는 증가되어 있으나 $PGE_2$를 전처리하면 DLN lymphocyte의 활성도가 유의하게 억제되며 $PGE_2$를 전처치한 후 ID를 처리하면 DLN lymphocyte의 활성도가 $PGE_2$로 전처치하지 않고 ID를 처리한 경우에 비하여 유의하게 증가하였다. 그러나 $PGE_2$ 대신estradiol, progesterone 및 hCG를 전처치하였을 경우에는 ID 처리로 DLN lymphocyte의 활성도가 증가하지 않았다. 3. 임신하지 많은 흰쥐의 DLN lymphocyte에 $PGE_2$를 전처리하면 PGE-producing cell이 유도되어 PGE 생성이 증가하는지를 확인하기 위하여 $PGE_2$를 전처리하고 Con A를 처리한 후 배양액의 PGE를 정량한 결과 PGE를 전처리하지 않은 DLN lymphocyte에 비하여 유의하게 PGE 생성이 증가하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 흰쥐의 착상시기에는 모체의 DLN lymphocyte의 활성도가 저하되며, 특히 PCE는 PGE-producing cell을 유도함으로써 착상시기의 모체의 면역기능에 영향을 주는 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.82-93
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between peripheral blood leukocyte differential - Granulocyte rate, Lymphocyte rate and its calculated Granulocyte/Lymphocyte ratio - and the obstetric variables. Methods: From 270 cases of women who were in the postpartum care center attached to Won-Kwang Korean Medical Hospital, 36 cases met exclusion criteria. On the obstetric variables of 234 cases, peripheral blood leukocyte differential - Granulocyte rate, Lymphocyte rate and its calculated Granulocyte/Lymphocyte ratio - was analyzed. In the postpartum care center, the obstetric variables were asked of 234 cases of women, and who measured leukocyte differential. Results: Mean granulocyte rate and lymphocyte rate of peripheral blood leukocyte differential showed statistically significant difference from those in healthy people and was high. There was statistically significant difference in granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio according to mood of delivery, parity and period passed from childbirth. But whether postpartum women with anemia or not, maternal age and gender of neonate were not associated with granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio, and which was not significantly correlated with gestational age and neonatal birth weight. Conclusions: These findings suggest that activation of the sympathetic nervous system in postpartum women is higher than in healthy people. And granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio was influenced by mood of delivery, parity and period passed from childbirth. In future, more studies or surveys, with less bias, for the relation between peripheral blood leukocyte differential and the obstetric variables are required.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.289-295
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• 2014

Flow cytometric immunophenotyping of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets is a powerful tool for evaluating cellular immunity and monitoring immune-mediated diseases. The numbers and proportions of blood lymphocyte subsets are influenced by factors such as gender, age, ethnicity, and lifestyle. This study aimed to establish reference ranges for peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in a healthy Korean population. Blood samples from 294 healthy adults were collected. Lymphocyte subsets were analyzed using a single-platform method with a flow cytometer; white blood cells and lymphocytes were analyzed using an automated hematology analyzer. The mean value of the white blood cell count was $5,665cells/{\mu}l$, and the mean values of the subtype counts (percentages) were as follows: lymphocytes, $1,928cells/{\mu}l$ (35.08%); $CD3^+$ cells, $1,305cells/{\mu}l$ (67.53%); $CD3^+CD4^+$ cells, $787cells/{\mu}l$ (40.55%); $CD3^+CD8^+$ cells, $479cells/{\mu}l$ (25.23%); $CD3^-CD19^+$ cells, $203cells/{\mu}l$ (10.43%); and $CD3^-CD56^+$ cells, $300cells/{\mu}l$ (15.63%). Additionally, the $CD4^+/CD8^+$ ratio was 1.81. In this study, gender and age significantly influenced blood lymphocyte subsets. Our results demonstrate that, as with other populations, a healthy Korean population has its own, region-specific, lymphocyte subset reference ranges.

• 대한방사선협회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.181-197
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• 2001

Thus, among peripheral blood, the number of WBC decreased drastically for a certain period after total body irradiation with high dose radiation, and the levels of Seg. neutriphil and lymphocyte decreased significantly after irradiation in the lymphocyte

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제81권2호
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• pp.132-137
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• 2018

Background: The pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes inflammation, oxidative stress, an imbalance of proteases and antiproteases and apoptosis which has been focused on lately. Abnormal apoptotic events have been demonstrated in both epithelial and endothelial cells, as well as in inflammatory cells including neutrophils and lymphocytes in the lungs of COPD patients. An increased propensity of activated T lymphocytes to undergo apoptosis has been observed in the peripheral blood of COPD patients. Therefore, the apoptosis of T lymphocytes without activating them was investigated in this study. Methods: Twelve control subjects, 21 stable COPD patients and 15 exacerbated COPD patients were recruited in the study. The T lymphocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood using magnetically activated cell sorting. Apoptosis of the T lymphocytes was assessed with flow cytometry using Annexin V and 7-aminoactinomycin D. Apoptosis of T lymphocytes at 24 hours after the cell culture was measured so that the T lymphocyte apoptosis among the control and the COPD patients could be compared. Results: Stable COPD patients had increased rates of $CD4^+$ T lymphocyte apoptosis at 24 hours after the cell culture, more than the $CD4^+$ T lymphocyte apoptosis which appeared in the control group, while the COPD patients with acute exacerbation had an amplified response of $CD4^+$ T lymphocyte apoptosis as well as of $CD8^+$ T lymphocyte apoptosis at 24 hours after the cell culture. Conclusion: Stable COPD patients have more apoptosis of $CD4^+$ T lymphocytes, which can be associated with the pathophysiology of COPD in stable conditions.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.286-290
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• 2004

Cytogenetic and hematological analysis was performed in peripheral blood of pig in the vicinity of Yeonggwang nuclear power station and control area. The frequency of micronuclei (MN) in peripheral blood lymphocytes from pig was used as a biomarker of radiobiological effects resulting from exposure to environmental radiation. An estimated dose of radiation was calculated by a best fitting linear-quadratic model based on the radiation-induced MN formation from the swine lymphocytes exposed in vitro to radiation over the range from 0 Gy to 4 Gy. MN rates in lymphocytes of pig from Yeonggwang nuclear power station and control area were 10.60/1,000 and 11.10/1,000, respectively. There were no significant differences in MN frequencies and hematological values in pig between Yeonggwang and control area. The study indicates that the MN assay in lymphocyte of pig is a rapid, sensitive and accurate method that can be used to monitor a large population exposed to radiation.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.103-115
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• 2001

Background : Gamisamryungbaekchul-san(加味蔘?白朮散) is a herbal medicine which has been used for the traditional therapeutic agent of augmentation of the spleen and reinforcement of the Qi. Objective : This Study was performed to investigate the effect of Gamisamryungbaekchul-san on the tumor and immune response in the moose B16 melanoma tumor model. Materials and Methods : The tumor was induced by subcutaneous inoculation of B16BL6 melanoma cells in the shaved dorsal region of mice. Mice were orally administered with Gamisamryungbaekchul-san extract(26.3mg/mouse) for 14days after inoculation. For making examination of antitumor effect, the Increase of life span, Tumor growth inhibition rate, change of body weight were measured and evaluated. For the immune response increasing effect, the percentage of T lymphocyte and B Lymphocyte in the peripheral blood, the percentage of CD4+ T-cell, CD8+ T-cell and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the peripheral blood and spleen, interleukin-2 productivity were measured and evaluated. Results : Gamisamryungbaekchul-san showed 16.59% increase of life span, 31.64% tumor growth inhibition rate and increase of body weight. Gamisamryungbaekchul-san increased the percentage of T lymphocyte in the peripheral blood, CD4+ T cell percentage of peripheral blood and spleen, and Interleukin-2 productivity as compared with the Control group. Whereas Gamisamryungbaekchul-san had no effect on the percentage of B lymphocyte in the peripheral blood, the percentage of CD8+ T cell, CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio in both of peripheral blood and spleen as compared with the Control group. Conclusion : This study shows that Gamisamryungbaekchul-san has anti-tumor effects and immunoregulatory effects on the B16 melanoma tumor model. It is suggested that Gamisarmyungbaekchul-san could be a useful immunomodulator and anti-tumor agent.

• 한국수의병리학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1997

The cellularity and composition of the spleen lymph node thymus and peripheral blood and tempo of regeneration were studied at various time points after syngeneic bone marrow transplantation(BMT) in C3H/Hen mice. Significant depression of absolute lymphocyte count was noted on week 1 after lethal whole-body irradiation and BMT. In comparison to the lymph node thymus and spleen had an rapid regeneration of cellularity. The distinct cell populations($CD4^+,\;CD8^+,\;CD28^+,\;B220^+) have determined in the lymphoid tissue of mice subjected to irradiation. The relative representation of these subpopulations was significantly different from that in nonirradiated control. $CD4^+\;and\;CD8^+$ cells were present in very low numbers whereas the $B220^+$ cells reached more than normal range at 2 weeks after BMT. The number of $CD4^+$ cells returned to normal relatively soon than $CD8^+$ cell. At week 4 after BMT, the cellularity and composition of spleen lymph node and peripheral blood lymphocyte reached about 50% of the normal range therefore we can choose this time point for the other tests of immune function after BMT.