• 청정기술
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.430-436
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 국내에서 대표적으로 버려지는 폐벌목 중 잣나무에서 만든 활성탄을 이용하여 벤젠에 대한 정지(static)흡착 실험을 수행하였다. 7.999 kPa에 이르는 압력 범위 내에서 온도 조건을 변화시켜 가며 303.15, 318.15, 333.15 K에서 흡착실험을 진행하였다. 등온흡착곡선은 Langmuir 등온흡착식, Freundlich 등온흡착식, Toth 등온흡착식을 적용하여 비교하였다. 벤젠의 흡착량(q)을 측정한 결과 Langmuir 등온흡착식과 Toth 등온흡착식으로 적용한 등온흡착곡선의 정확도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 Langmuir 등온흡착식의 $q_{max}$ 값을 이용하여 흡착제의 흡착량을 비교하였다. 또한, 폐벌목 활성탄과 상용활성탄의 세공 발달 여부를 비교하기 위해 주사전자현미경(scanning electron microscopy, SEM) 사진을 관찰하였다. SEM 사진 관찰 결과, 폐벌목 활성탄이 국내 외 상용활성탄(DARCO A.C., SPG-100 A.C.)에 비해 세공발달 정도가 우수하며, 벤젠흡착량(q)이 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 폐벌목 활성탄의 상용화 가능성을 검증할 수 있었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.589-603
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• 2014

Expressions for determining the value of the impact force as reported in the literature and incorporated into code provisions are essentially quasi-static forces for emulating deflection. Quasi-static forces are not to be confused with contact force which is generated in the vicinity of the point of contact between the impactor and target, and contact force is responsible for damage featuring perforation and denting. The distinction between the two types of forces in the context of impact actions is not widely understood and few guidelines have been developed for their estimation. The value of the contact force can be many times higher than that of the quasi-static force and lasts for a matter of a few milli-seconds whereas the deflection of the target can evolve over a much longer time span. The stiffer the impactor the shorter the period of time to deliver the impulsive action onto the target and consequently the higher the peak value of the contact force. This phenomenon is not taken into account by any contemporary codified method of modelling impact actions which are mostly based on the considerations of momentum and energy principles. Computer software such as LS-DYNA has the capability of predicting contact force but the dynamic stiffness parameters of the impactor material which is required for input into the program has not been documented for debris materials. The alternative, direct, approach for an accurate evaluation of the damage potential of an impact scenario is by physical experimentation. However, it can be difficult to extrapolate observations from laboratory testings to behaviour in real scenarios when the underlying principles have not been established. Contact force is also difficult to measure. Thus, the amount of useful information that can be retrieved from isolated impact experiments to guide design and to quantify risk is very limited. In this paper, practical methods for estimating the amount of contact force that can be generated by the impact of a fallen debris object are introduced along with the governing principles. An experimental-calibration procedure forming part of the assessment procedure has also been verified.