• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.105-109
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• 2000

To investigate the correlation between college women's energy intake and body fat percentage, this study was undertaken with 116 college women aged 19-24 years. The subjects were 20.9 years old on the average, and mean height and weight was 161.3 cm, 51.2 kg. Blood pressures were 112.4 mm Hg(systolic pressure), 70.2 mmHg(diastolic pressure). The number of pulse was 75.5 count/min. The energy intake and percent body fat were examined. The average intake of energy was 7652kcal/day(82.3% of RDA), which was lower than the recommended amount. It was similar to the level of energy intake of Korean women. BMI was 19.7 and body fat percent was 24.4%, so they appeared plump. According to BMI, 43.1% of subjects was grouped into normal, 56.9% was thin ; there was no difference between groups in age and stature. Also, normal group(27.1%) shoed significantly higher body fat percent(27.1%) than thin group(22.3%). But, body fat percent of thin group according to BMI was shown normal. Therefore, it may be thought that BMI is unsuitable indicator in this study. As a result of analyzing the correlation between body-measuring value and food intake, body fat percent against body weight and BMI was significant at the level p<0.001, but thee was no significant correlation with food intake. Therefore, it is desirable to recommend a healthful dietary lifestyle and activities for young women who want to reduce body weight due to excessive concerns regarding their outward figure.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.323-333
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to measure and compare nutrient intake, anthropometric measurements and serum indices by percent body fat as one of the index of obesity degree in female college students. Additionally we attempted to investigate percentile distribution of fat free mass index (FFMI) and fat mass index (FMI) for developing reference values for these two parameters. The subjects were 91 female college students who were classified to 4 groups according to the percentile of percent body fat (Group1: 25 th < percentile of percent body fat, Group 2 : 25 th ${\le}$ percentile of percent body fat < 50 th, Group 3 : 50 th ${\le}$ percentile of percent body fat < 75 th, Group 4 : percentile of percent body fat ${\ge}$ 75 th). The mean percent body fat and body mass index were 28.2%, $20.5 kg/m^2$ respectively. The mean energy intake was 1707 kcal(81% of KDRIs) and vitamin C, folate, Ca and Zn intake were 73.9%, 54.7%, 79.6%, 97.5% of KDRIs respectively. Most nutrient intake (energy, carbohydrate, cholesterol, fatty acid, Ca, Fe) of G4 was lower than that of G1, G2 and G3. Serum HDL-cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in G4 than G1, G2, G3 and it tended to increase as percent body fat decreased. LDL/HDL, A1 of G4 were significantly the highest among the 4 groups and increased as percent body fat increased. The mean fat free mass index and fat mass index were $14.5 kg/m^2$, $6.0 kg/m^2$ respectively. The criteria of sarcopenic obesity which has been defined as under 25 th percentile of FFMI and below 75 th percentile of FMI were shown $12.8 kg/m^2$, $8.2 kg/m^2$ respectively in this study. In conclusion, we should continue to more systematically research on the studies of new obesity measurement which includes FFMI and FMI as one of the variables. And the public education for weight control that emphasizes both the understanding of body composition and the importance of nutrition balance is also required.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.514-520
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to provide the reference data for estimating body composition and developing equations for prediction of percent body fat. This study was designed of two aspects: Comparison of percent body fat measurements between two operators. comparison of percent body fat measurements among four instruments. Percent body fat of college girls(n=71) aged 18-24 was measured by skinfold thickness, near-infratred interactance(Futrex-5000), and bioelectrical impedance analysis (TBF-105, Spectrum II). All measurements were duplicated & measured by two operators. The results are summarized as follows: Percent body fat observed from two operators had no significant difference. There was significant difference from four instruments. However, we found close relation between Skinfold thickness & TBF-105, Spectrum II & Near-infrared interactance. Four instruments have several assumptions and limitations. Therefore, many researches for developing new equations are required for Korean people.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2005

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the body fat percent (BF%) and body mass index (BMI) of Koreans and the differences with Caucasians. Complete data were collected from 3297 subjects (2441females and 856 males) between the ages of 18 and 79. Data were collected between September 2001 and November 2001 in Seoul and Pusan. For the statistical analysis, only the data on subjects between the ages of 18 and 65(3200) were used Body weight and height were measured BMI (kg/$m^2$) was computed From BMI, BF (%) was calculated using age- and sex-specific prediction formulas. BF% was assessed using an INBODY 2.0 body fat analyser. Data analysis showed that the females were significantly younger than the males, were smaller, lighter and had a lower body mass index. Body fat percent of the females was higher than that of the males. 1he differences between actual measured BF% and BF% as predicted from prediction equations from the literature, based on BMI, age and sex, were correlated with level of body fat and age. There is a significant age-related decrease in body fat in Koreans for any given BMI and sex, which is remarkably different compared to age-related increases in body fat in the European reference group. For the same age and BF%, Korean females have a slightly lower BMI than their European counterparts. Korean males have, for the same age and BF%, a higher BMI than their European counterparts. The differences between females and males were not significant. It was concluded that, assuming that the data on body fat percent was correct, that the relationship between BF% and BMI is quite different in Koreans than in European Caucasians. Thus, for younger Koreans cut-off values for obesity should be slightly lower than those for Caucasians whereas for older Koreans the cut-off points for obesity should be higher than those for Caucasians.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2005

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of fasting therapy on the changes of body composition in obese adolescents. Methods : We examined the body composition of obese adolescents three times; before fasting, on the second refeeding day, two or four weeks later. Results : Body weight, body mass index(BMI), basal metabolic rate(BMR) and lean body mass (LBM) were decreased during the fasting, whereas percent-fat was increased. After fasting, patients have the dietary period. During this period BMR and LBM were increased and the decrease of percent-fat was continued. Conclusions : It seems that fasting therapy with keeping up well-controlled dietary period and receiving oriental medical management can be useful to decrease percent-fat in obese patients.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.783-794
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• 1995

영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원 종합건강진단센터에서 1994년 5월 20일부터 9월 30일까지 종합건강진단을 받은 성인 661명(남 472명, 여 189명)을 대상으로 이들의 신장, 체중, 혈청지질치(총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도 지단백), 혈압과 impedance를 측정하였고, 이들 측정치를 이용하여 체질량지수, Katsura 지수, 동맥경화지수, 저밀도 지단백, 체지방 비율을 산출하여 체지방 비율과 혈청 지질치 및 혈압과의 관련성을 규명하였다. 체지방 비율에 따른 분포는 남자의 경우 체지방 비율이 20% 이상인 제1군이 15명(3.2%), 여자의 경우 25% 이상인 제 1군이 7명 (3.7%)으로 나타났다. 체중은 남자와 여자에서 체지방 비율에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었으나(p<0.01)신장은 세 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 남자에서는 총 콜레스테롤치, 중성지방치, 고밀도 지단백, 저밀도 저단백, 동맥경화지수가 세군간에 유의한 차이가 있었고(p<0.01) 여자에서는 총 콜레스테롤과 저밀도 지단백은 세 군간에 유의한 차이가 있었으나(p<0.05) 중성지방치, 고밀도 지단백은 세 군간에 차이가 없었다. 체질량지수와 Katsura 지수는 남녀 모두에서 세 군간에 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 상관관계분석에서는 체지방 비율이 남자에서는 체중, 체질량지수, Katsura 지수, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 저밀도 지단백, 동맥경화지수, 수축기 및 확장기 혈압과 유의한 상관관계가 있었고 고밀도 지단백과는 유의한 역상관관계가 있었다. 여자에서는 체지방 비율이 나이, 신장, 체중, 체질량지수, Katsura 지수, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 저밀도 지단백, 동맥경화지수와 유의한 상관관계가 있었고 고밀도 지단백과는 유의한 역상관관계가 있었으나 혈압과는 유의한 상관관계가 없었다. 심혈관계질환의 위험인자인 총 콜레스테롤과 LDL/HDL비를 종속변수로 하고 나이, 체질량지수, 체지방 비율을 독립변수로 한 다중회귀분석에서 총 콜레스테롤의 경우 남자에서는 체지방 비율, 나이, 체질량지수 모두가 총 콜레스테롤에 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수로 나왔으며$(R^2=0.1286)$, 여자에서는 체지방 비율과 나이가 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수였다$(R^2=0.3399)$. LDL/HDL비의 경우는 남자에서 체질량지수만이 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수였고$(R^2=0.0954)$, 여자에서는 체지방 비율, 나이, 체질량지수 모두가 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수였다$(R^2=0.3164)$. 수축기 및 확장기 혈압을 종속변수로 한 다중회귀 분석에서는 남자에서는 수축기 혈압에 나이, 저밀도 지단백, 총 콜레스테롤이 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수였고$(R^2=0.1297)$, 확장기 혈압에는 나이만이 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수였다$(R^2=0.0972)$. 여자에서는 수측기 혈압에 나이와 총 콜레스테롤이 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수였고$(R^2=0.1705)$, 확장기 혈압에는 나이만이 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수였다$(R^2=0.1218)$. 이상의 결과에서 체지방 비율은 비만이나 혈청 지질치는 잘 반영한다고 생각할 수 있으나 혈압을 반영하는데는 미흡한 점이 있다고 생각되며 앞으로 체지방 비율과 혈청 지질치 및 혈압과의 관련성을 확립하기 위해서는 본 연구에서 고려하지 않은 혈압에 미치는 다른 요인들을 독립변수로 고려한 추가 보완 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.125-133
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• 1994

This study was conducted to identify the relationship between body fat percent/serum lipid level and obesity index among school children. The study subjects were 277 boys and 266 girls aged between 10 and 11 years old in a selected elementary school in Taegu City. The survey was conducted for the period of two months from May 1 to June 30, 1993. A $R{\ddot{o}}hrer$index(weight/height3) was calculated for each individual as a measure of obesity. Three groups were classified as underweight($R{\ddot{o}}hrer$ index < 109), normal($109{\leq}$ $R{\ddot{o}}hrer$ index < 140), and overweight ($R{\ddot{o}}hrer$ index ${\geq}140$). As for the body fat percent, fat weight, lean body mass were measured by impedance fat, meter(Model SIF-891). Serum total cholesterol. high-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride were measured by automated clinical chemistry analyzer(Astra system). Obesity was found 18.1% in boys and 14.7% in girls. Body weight, fat percent, fat weight, and lean body mass were significantly different among three groups classified by $R{\ddot{o}}hrer$ index in both sexes. Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, atherogenic index and T-CHO/HDL ratio were also significantly different among three groups in both sexes. Serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, trigylceride, atherogenic index of boys were positively correlated with height, weight. $R{\ddot{o}}hrer$ index, fat weight, lean body mass, and triglyceride. The negative correlation was found in high-density lipoprotein against height, weight, Rohrer index, fat percent, fat weight, lean body mass. Triglyceride and atherogenic index of the girls were positively correlated with height, weight, $R{\ddot{o}}hrer$ index, fat percent, fat weight, lean body mass. The negative correlation was found in high-density lipoprotein against height, weight, $R{\ddot{o}}hrer$ index, fat percent, fat weight, lean body mass. These findings suggest that the prevention of obesity and hyperlipidemia among school children is very important. Thus adoption of healthy life-style is strongly recommended in school health programs in order to prevent the obesity and hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.104-113
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• 1991

This research was to examine the correlation between body composition and life style including nutrients intake and physical activities of male and female athletes and nonathletes who are attending college. The percent of body fat with a skinfold caliper was measured higher in female than male. The body fat of the female students in the nonathletic group was the highest and male students in the nonathletic group showed the lowest in body fat. On the correlation between skinfold thickness and body composition the skinfold thick-ness showed negative correlation with the body density. However it showed positive correla-tion with the percent of body fat. According to this result it can be defined that skinfold thickness is in proportion to the body fat. dietary intakes of male and female athletes exceeded the need for their excessive physical activity. Concerning the correlation between calorie intake and body fat was high. From this we conclude that the more one consumes calorie intake the higher one's body fat content will be. On the correlation of physical activity and body composition the lean body mass showed high positive correlation with physical activity.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2005

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate correlation between short stature and obese degree. And we also wanted to know the characteristics of patients visited clinic in the name of 'short stature'. Methods Height, body weight, BMI, fat mass, lean body mass, percent body fat were taken intended for 236 patients in the name of short stature. To all the patient questionnaire for growth clinic was drawn up, and ultrasound scan was taken through calcaneous of the right foot. The patients were classified to three groups - short, average, tall group - according to relative position of mid-parental height. It was analysed that the differences between groups in obese degree. Also was investigated correlation between position of short stature and obese degree, and between obese degree and bony maturity. Results & Conclusion 1. The average ages of patients in the name of 'short stature' were $12.69{\pm}3.93$ years old in boys, $10.66{\pm}3.67$ years old in girls. And it seemed to be just before second rapid maturing period. 2. The average BMI were $20.58{\pm}4.07kg/m^2$ in boys, $18.65{\pm}2.85kg/m^2$ in girls, and average percent body fat were $21.99{\pm}7.35%$ in boys, $26.01{\pm}6.35%$ in girls. 3. The numbers of obese children were 34(31.2%) in boys, 19(14.9%) in girls on the basis of BMI. And the numbers were 39(35.8%) in boys, 53(41.7%) in girls on the basis of percent body fat. There was a big difference in case of girls. 4. The numbers of AG(average group) were 48(44.0%) in boys, 60(47.2%) in girls, the numbers of SG(short group) were 35(32.1%) in boys, 31(24.4%) in girls, and numbers of TG(tall group) were 26(23.9%) in boys, 35(27.6%) in girls. 5. There were no significant differences among the groups in BMI, lean body mass, fat mass, percent body fat. Only significant difference in DI(disease index). 6. There were no significant correlation between PH(percent height) and BMI, leanbody mass, fat mass, percent body fat. Only significant correlation in DI(disease index). 7. There were no significant differences between DA(difference between bone age and chronorogical age) and BMI, leanbody mass, percent body fat. Only significant correlation in fat mass.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.695-706
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• 1998

This study was designed to investigate the associations of the percent body fat dietary intake, plasma lipoprotein profile, lipoprotein(a), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) concentrations of 1982 Korean subjects(men : 1000 and women : 982) between the ages of 40 and 59 years. The dietary assessment consisted of twenty-four hour dietary records and food frequency questionnaires. The subjects were identified into one of the five rating groups of % body fat : lean, underweight, normal, overweight and obese groups. The biochemical assessment included measurements of plasma total cholesterol(TC), HDL-cholesterol(HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol(LDL-C), triglyceride(TG), lipoprotein(a)(Lp(a)), and PAI-1. With respect to the ratio of percent energy intake of carbohydrate : protein : fat of the normal group of the women was 62% : 17% : 20%, respectively. Women apparently had a higher intake of carbohydrates than men(52% : 17 : 20%) did. There was a linear relationship between energy intake and % body fat in both mean and women(with the exception of the underweight group of women). The relationship of % body fat of men to the protein and fat intake was higher than that of the carbohydrate intake. Of the men in the study, intakes of energy, protein and alcohol were positively correlated to % body fat. In women, energy, carbohydrate and protein intake were positively correlated to % body fat, however, the fat, cholesterol and alcohol intake did not show any correlation to the % body fat in women. This study showed that % body fat was positively correlated with plasma TC, LDL-C, PAI-1 levels, and TG, but the % body fat was negatively correlated with plasma HDL-C level in both men and women. These results indicated that the high energy intake of obese or overweight subjects might contribute to several of the biochemical indices fo coronary heart disease(CHD) risk. In conclusion, increased energy intake is associated with overweight or obesity in middle aged Korean people. There was no relationship between % energy intake of fat and % body fat in the study, in middle-aged Korean men and women. The plasma lipid profile and PAI-1 level thought to be the risk factors of CHD were positively associated with percent body fat in middle aged Korean people.