• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.572-578
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• 2022

An organism's physiological processes and behaviors are regulated by neuropeptides and hormone peptides. The first neuropeptide identified from echinoderms is SALMFamide. The two most well-studied SALMFamide neuropeptides are S1 and S2, which possess myoactivity on apical muscle, tube feet, and the cardiac stomach of starfishes. However, neuropeptide candidates identified from SALMFamide's precursor protein sequence have not been investigated. This study aims to compare the bioactivity of SALMFamide neuropeptides from the starfish Asterias rubens using various starfish muscle preparations. In this study, the bioactivity of the L-type SALMFamide neuropeptides from the starfish A. rubens, AYHTGLPFamide (SALMFa-A) and the derivative AYHSALMFamide (SALMFa-B) was investigated. The neuropeptides were applied on Asterias amurensis apical muscle, tube feet, which revealed that the neuropeptides exhibit relaxing activity on apical muscle but no activity on tube feet. The native SALMFa-A peptide had lower relaxing activity on the apical muscle compared to the derivative peptide SALMFa-B. The relaxing activity of two neuropeptides also was compared with those on the apical muscle of Patiria pectinifera, which revealed relaxing activity as well as SALMFamide-S1 and S2 neuropeptides. Moreover, the investigation of SALMFa-A and SALMFa-B peptides' bioactivity on P. pectinifera cardiac stomach muscle also showed slight relaxing activity.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.240-246
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• 1998

A cDNA encoding desiccation-related protein was isolated from a flower bud cDNA library of Chinese cabbage (C-DH) and its nucleotide sequence was characterized. It contains 679 bp nucleotides with 501 bp open reading frame. The amino acid sequence of the putative protein showed the highest amino acid sequence homology (79 % identity) to dehydrin protein in Gossypium hirsutum. Also, the C-DH shares 48-52% amino acid sequence identity with the other typical dehydrin proteins in plant cells. When the amino acid sequence of their proteins were aligned, several peptide motifs were well conserved, of which function has to be solved. Particularly the C-DH contains 15 additional amino acids at its N-terminus. Genomic Southern blot analysis using the coding region of C-DH showed that the C-DH consists of a single copy gene in Chinese cabbage genome. The C-DH mRNA, whose transcript size is 0.7 kb, was expressed with a tissue-specific manner. It was highly expressed in seed, flower buds and low expression as detected in root, stem or leaf tissues of Chinese cabbage. And the transcript level of C-DH was significantly induced by the treatment of plant hormone, abscisic acid and water-deficit conditions.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.133-137
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• 2003

Secreted proteins and membrane proteins play key roles in the formation, differentiation, and maintenance of multicellular organisms. In this study, we undertook to characterize these protein types in the central nervous system of the marine snail Aplysia kurodai using a yeast-based signal sequence trap method. One hundred and three cDNA clones were obtained by screening 300,000 clones from the signal sequence trap cDNA library. Of these, twelve were identical to previously identified Aplysia genes, 19 were related to known proteins in other organisms, and 54 clones were novel. These 54 new genes had high signal peptide scores or were found likely to contain a transmembrane domain sequence. Only 18 of the 103 clones proved to be false positive. The study demonstrates that the signal sequence trap method is an effective tool for Isolating Aplysia genes encoding secreted and membrane proteins.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.140-145
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• 2008

Expression of olive flounder hepcidin I (HepI) fused with truncated OmpA signal peptides ($OmpASP_{tr}$) as directional signals does not produce soluble fusion proteins. However, by inserting amino acid segments (xxx) varying in pI and hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity into a leader sequence containing a truncated OmpASP ($OmpASP_{tr}$) and a factor Xa cleavage site (Xa) [$OmpASP_{tr}{\mid}(xxx){\mid}Xa$], we were able in some cases to express soluble recombinant HepI. Soluble expression of the recombinant protein strongly correlated with (xxx) insertions of high pI and hydrophilicity. Therefore, we modified the $OmpASP_{tr}{\mid}(xxx){\mid}Xa$ sequence by inserting Arg and Lys into (xxx) to increase the hydrophilicity of the signal peptide region. These modifications enhanced the expression of soluble recombinant HepI. Hydropathic profile analysis of the $OmpASP_{tr}{\mid}(xxx){\mid}Xa$ HepI fusion proteins revealed that the transmembrane-like domains derived from the $OmpASP_{tr}{\mid}(xxx){\mid}Xa$ sequence were larger than the internal positively charged domain native to HepI. It should therefore be possible to overcome the obstacle of internal positively charged domains to obtain soluble expression of recombinant proteins by monitoring the hydrophilicity and hydropathic profile of the signal peptide region using a computer program.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1094-1099
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• 2005

Photosynthetic dinoflagellates contain a water-soluble, light-harvesting antenna called the peridinin-chlorophyll-protein (PCP) complex, which has an apoprotein with no sequence similarity to other known proteins. There are two forms of PCP apoproteins; the 15-kDa short form and the 32- to 35­kDa long form. The present study describes the PCP protein and its cDNA from Alexandrium tamarense. A cDNA library was constructed from mRNA isolated from A. tamarense. The complete PCP cDNA was generated by reverse-transcription coupled to polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), together with rapid-amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The A. tamarense PCP cDNA encoded a 55-amino acid signal peptide and a 313-amino acid mature protein with a calculated mass of 32 kDa, which corresponded to that of the long form of PCP. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the sequence of A. tamarense PCP did not cluster with the short-form PCPs, to which it was only about $55\%$ identical, but which were $79-83\%$ identical to other long-form PCPs. The deduced amino acid sequence of A. tamarense PCP contains an internal duplication, which suggests the possibility that long-form PCPs arose by gene duplication or by the fusion of genes encoding the short form. The abundance of PCP mRNA changed substantially in response to different light conditions, indicating the possible existence of a photo-acclimation response in A. tamarense.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.201-204
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• 2001

Acyl-CoA binding proteins (ACBP) are small highly-conserved cytosolic proteins that bind long-chain acyl-CoAs. A cDNA encoding ACBP was identified from cDNA library constructed from hairy root poly $A^{＋}$ RNA in expressed sequence tags (EST) analysis. The cDNA clone was 453 bp long and carried an open reading frame of 264 bp (10 kDa). The ginseng ACBP amino acid sequence was compared with other reported plant ACBPs using the CLUSTALW. Ginseng ACBP is 89%, 81%, 80%, and 73% identical with ACBP from castor bean, lilly, Digitalis and Arabidopsis, respectively. However, ginseng ACBP is 5 amino acids smaller than Arabidopsis and rape seed ACBPs. Also there is no any known signal peptide sequence in ginseng ACBP.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.303-305
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• 2019

An actinobacterial strain designated Gordonia sp. MMS17-SY073 (=KCTC 49257) was isolated from a coastal soil of an island, and its complete genome was analyzed. A single contig consisting of 5,962,176 bp with the G + C content of 67.4% was obtained, and the annotation resulted in 5,201 protein-coding genes, 6 rRNA genes and 45 tRNA genes. Strain MMS17-SY073 was closest to the type strain of Gordonia soli based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, sharing 98.5% sequence similarity. A number of biosynthetic gene clusters for secondary metabolites, non-ribosomal peptide synthetase types in particular, could be identified from the genome.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.1183-1186
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• 2011

The unique Br signature was utilized for C-terminal amino acid sequencing of model peptides. C-terminal carboxyl group was selectively derivatized in peptides, containing side chain carboxyl group, using 1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl]carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and Br was introduced using 4-bromophenylhydrazine hydrochloride (BPH) in a one pot reaction. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) tandem mass spectra were obtained carrying the Br signature in the y-series ions. The Br signature facilitated C-terminal sequencing and discrimination of C-terminal carboxyl groups in the free acid and amide forms.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.1935-1939
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• 2006

The gene encoding the extracellular medium-chain-length poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (MCL-PHA) depolymerase of Pseudomonas luteola Ml3-4, $phaZ_{plu}$, was cloned and analyzed. It was found to be 849 bp, with a deduced protein of 282 amino acids, and was revealed to have a typical leader peptide at its N terminus. The amino acid sequence of $PhaZ_{plu}$ revealed relatively low identity (69 to 72%) with those of other Pseudomonas MCL-PHA depolymerases. In comparison with the amino acid sequences of all available MCL-PHA depolymerases, the depolymerase was found to consist of three domains in sequential order; signal peptide, an N-terminal substrate binding domain, and a catalytic domain, indicating that $PhaZ_{plu}$ belongs to the type IV depolymerases family. The enzyme also contained Asn as an oxyanion hole amino acid.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.5-10
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• 1997

Three strains of W isolated from tobacco, tomato and Pepper plants in Korea were characterized based on biological response, serological relationship, and peptide mapping of the capsid Proteins. The strains designated as TMV-common, TMV-Pepper, and TMV-tomato could be distinguishable by different visual symptoms on 3 varieties of tobacco, one variety of tomato and Pepper for each among 27 plant specieces. Serological relationships were examined by agar gel double diffusion test. Only traceable or weak reaction was observed in the incompatible antigen-antibody combinations. The Pepper strain, however, showed trace in reaction with other two antisera. Peptide maps of the capsid proteins digested by V8 protease or by trypsin were also distinguishable, suggesting differences in composition and/or sequence of the amino acids among the strains.