• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.115-121
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• 2019

Background: Due to the diversification and advancement of research, researchers have become to deal with a variety of chemical and biological harmful materials in the laboratories of universities and research institutes and the risk has increased as well. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the social safety net for laboratory accidents by strengthening the compensation to the level comparable to that of Korean Workers' Compensation & Welfare Service, when the researchers become physically disabled by laboratory accidents. The purpose of this study is to secure researchers' health rights and to create a research environment where researchers can work with confidence by strengthening the compensation to the level comparable to that of Korean Workers' Compensation & Welfare Service. Method: We analyzed the laboratory accidents by year, injury type, severity of accident and disability grade with the 6 year data from 2011 to 2016, provided by Laboratory Safety Insurance. Based on the analysis result, we predicted the financial impact on Laboratory Safety Insurance if we introduce a compensation annuity by disability grade which is similar to Injury-Disease Compensation Annuity of Korean Workers' Compensation & Welfare Service. Result :As of 2011, the insured number of Laboratory Safety Insurance was approximately 700,000. The Average premium per insured was KRW 3,339 and there were 158 claims. Total claim amount was KRW 130 million, whereas the premium was about KRW 2.3 billion. The loss ratio was very low at 5.75%. If we introduce a compensation annuity by disability grade similar to Injury-Disease Compensation Annuity of Korean Workers' Compensation & Welfare Service, the expected benefit amount for 1 case of disability grade 1 would be KRW 1.6 billion, assuming 2% of interest rate. Given current premium, the loss ratio, the ratio of premium income to claim payment, is expected 41.4% in 2017 and 151.6% in 2026. The increased loss ratio due to the introduce of the compensation annuity by disability grade is estimated to be 11.0% in 2017 and 40.4% in 2026. Conclusion: Currently, laboratories can purchase insurance companies' laboratory safety insurance that meets the standards prescribed by Act on the Establishment of Safe Laboratory Environment. However, if a compensation annuity is introduced, it would be difficult for insurance companies to operate the laboratory safety insurance due to financial losses from a large-scale accident. Therefore, it is desirable that one or designated entities operate laboratory safety insurance. We think that it is more desirable for laboratory safety insurance to be operated by a public entity rather than private entities.

• Journal of Legislation Research
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• no.41
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• pp.87-123
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• 2011

Korea is expected to become an 'aged society' with more than 14 percent of the public aged 65 years or more by 2018. The rapid aging is giving rise to various problems within the society along with falling birthrate in a short period of time. In this context, the role and function of laws on welfare for the aged must be particularly emphasized. Also the Senior Citizens Welfare Act is of great importance as it provides social welfare service on the basis of functional connection with social insurance and public assistance. First, this paper looks into the history of laws related to welfare for the elderly such as the Senior Welfare Act, the Act on Long-term Care Insurance for Senior Citizens and the Basic Old Age Pension Act as well as the findings of earlier studies. In the second place, it will break down such laws by main components aiming to examine details of the laws and questions raised regarding them and to seek ways to achieve improvement with an emphasis on health care, old age income security, housing welfare(assisted living facilities), job security for the aged. The Senior Welfare Act offers substance of social welfare service for the elderly. Income security, health and medical care, welfare measures through long-term care and assisted living facilities, social participation by working are the key elements and all of them should be closely associated to ensure citizens get sufficient public support in their old age. For this purpose, the Senior Welfare Act is under a normative network with laws such as Act on Long-term Care Insurance for Senior Citizens and Basic Old Age Pension Act. Current laws on welfare for the aged including Senior Welfare Act are not sufficiently responsive to the aged society of the 21st century. Income security combined with decent social participation, health and medical care closely connected with long-term care system, efficient expense sharing between government and local government, enhancement of effectiveness of welfare measures can be considered as means to improve current welfare system so that the elderly can enjoy their old age with dignity and respect.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.313-325
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• 2015

This study aims to address factors affecting economic preparation of the elderly with industrial injury using Andersen model. In addition, it is also to explore differences in accordance with changes in the employment status between regular employees and non-regular employees. The authors analyze Panel Study of Worker's Compensation Insurance(PSWCI)'s 1st wave data in the logistic regression model. The authors found gender and education were related to economic preparation. In addition, earned income, national health insurance and the degree to which pain interferes with daily life and the lives caused by industrial accidents were associated with economic preparation. But national pension was not statistically significant to economic preparation. Based on the findings, the researchers addressed political implications to enhance financial security of injured workers.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.73-81
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• 2006

The aim of this study is to clarify the provision for later life and needs for elderly housing according to the cognitional attitude about the elderly housing. 420 middle aged who lived in Kyungnam area were responded to self-questionnaire. Two groups are divided by the cognitional attitude about the elderly housing, one is positive group and the other is negative. The positive group is higher monthly income, upper college school career and apartment housing types. Economic means to provide for their later life are an insurance, a saving, a pension etc. The positive group is willing to do higher economic expenses for elderly housing in downtown or suburban area. And the positive group prefers rental with a deposit to ownership type for residing elderly housing.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.191-206
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• 2015

This study investigates the differences in retirement preparation and asset type in the elderly life of employees in their forties and fifties. Retirement preparation showed a score of 3.30, and the emotional preparation dimension of retirement preparations showed a slightly higher score. The retention of guarantee assets(insurance and, national pension) scored higher than other types of assets. There was a high correlation between economic preparation and the type of asset retention. According to the hierarchical regression analysis, economic preparation, monthly income, home ownership, and the education level had significant effects on assets retention, and the explanatory power of these independent variables was 39.7%.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.37
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• pp.119-141
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• 1999

Korea paid attention to the work injury insurance in the early economic development stage as other developed countries did. Thus "The industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Law" was legislated in 1963 and it is now expanded to apply to the workplace with five or more employees. Beside the low coverage of the number of employees, the scope of benefits are the problem of work injury insurance. The work injury insurance's main benefits are for the loss of income and the medical cost caused by occupational accidents. On the other hand, the investment on the prevention accident and the medical, social and employment rehabilitation is very low, even though the occupational accident pension is higher than that in other OECD countries. Practically lay-off benefits and survivor' benefit for some special workers are paid more than they need, therefore they want to remain under the benefit condition and the medical care days are longer. This paper indicates the problems of work injury insurance and suggest how to improve the functions of it.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.41-59
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• 2016

There have been continuous improvements in human life expectancy. Life expectancy is as a key factor in an aging population and can wreak severe damage on the financial integrity of pension providers. Hence, the projection of the accurate future mortality is a critical point to prevent possible losses to pension providers. However, improvements in future mortality would be overestimated by a typical mortality projection method using the Lee-Carter model since it underestimates the mortality index ${\kappa}_t$. This paper suggests a mortality projection based on the projection of the skewness of the mortality versus the typical mortality projection of the Lee-Carter model based on the projection of the mortality index, ${\kappa}_t$. The paper shows how to indirectly estimate future t trend with the skewness of the mortality and compares the results under each estimation method of the mortality index, ${\kappa}_t$. The analysis of the results shows that mortality projection based on the skewness presents less improved mortality at an elderly ages than the original projection.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.265-275
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• 2020

The burden of injury is widely considered to be very severe in our society. Nonetheless, we don't have enough data for injury surveillance. The objective of this research is to select and supplement CORE DATA for injury surveillance. For this purpose, this study had analyzed the literature such as the Quality Assessment Report about 'Causes of Death Statistics', 'Health Insurance Statistics' and 'Hospital Discharge Injury Surveillance' according to the six dimension of Statistics Quality. The analysis result is that 'Cause of Death Statistics' and 'Health Insurance Statistics' have the usefulness as the CORE DATA for injury surveillance. But there is a significant shortcoming in the Health Insurance Statistics, which is that there is a lack of the data about the external causes of injury. For supplementing the defect, this study proposes the system that the medical institutions should obligatorily report the external causes of injury when claim National Health Insurance Medical Care Expenses. As the results of this system, we can expect 'Establishing of Injury pyramid', 'Data Connecting with the National Pension' and 'Improving the Promptness of Injury Data'. And we expect the follow-up study for the realization of this system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.567-576
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• 2022

Seafarers are exposed to various unpredictable maritime risks due to the spatial specificity of the working environment of the sea; thus, sufficient compensation for injured crewmembers is needed. However, Korea does not provide such compensation. Therefore, this study attempted to examine the Maritime Labor Act and the Industrial Accident Insurance Act of Germany, an advanced European social insurance country, and derive implications compared to Korea. First, we investigated how compensations are managed by a public institution in Germany and by shipowners in Korea. Second, regarding the contents of accident compensation, Germany does not only provide continuous treatment and care through various support systems, but also operates various programs to enable a return to ship work. In contrast, Korea has a temporary compensation system that allows shipowners to avoid liability for accident compensation, which is disadvantageous to shipwrecked seafarers. Finally, in Germany, workers' compensation insurance is public, judged considering the origin of work, whereas in Korea, it is determined by shipowners or insurance companies. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a public institution in charge of crew accident compensation to ensure proper compensation for crewmembers in Korea and to improve the Seafarers Act or system to provide compensation for additional medical care, disability pension, and rehabilitation benefits.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.77-96
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• 2018

A reverse mortgage provides a pension until the death for the insured or last survivor. Long-term risk management is important to estimate the contractual period of a reverse mortgage. It is also necessary to study prediction methods of mortality rates that appropriately reflect the improvement trend of the mortality rate since the extension of the life expectancy, which is the main cause of aging, can have a serious impact on the pension financial soundness. In this study, the Lee-Carter (LC) model reflects the improvement in mortality rates; in addition, multiple life model are also applied to a reverse mortgage. The mortality prediction method by the traditional LC model has shown a dramatic improvement in the mortality rate; therefore, this study suggests mortality projection based on the projection of the skewness for the mortality that has been applied to appropriately reflect the improvement trend of the mortality rate. This paper calculates monthly payments using future mortality rates based on the projection of the skewness of the mortality. As a result, the mortality rates based on this method less reflect the mortality improvement effect than the mortality rates based on a traditional LC model and a larger pension amount is calculated. In conclusion, this method is useful to forecast future mortality trend results in a significant reduction of longevity risk. It can also be used as a risk management method to pay appropriate monthly payments and prevent insufficient payment due to overpayment by the issuing institution and the guarantee institution of the reverse mortgage.