• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.27-51
• /
• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the brain and the pelvis. Methods : The relationship between the pelvis and the brain was searched in PubMed, and these searching studies were reviewed. Conclusions : 1. Urinary disorder is influenced by brain. 2. Brain is influenced by luteinizing hormone. 3. Pelvic floor muscles are influenced by brain. 4. Urological Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome(UCPPS) is influenced by brain. 5. Brain is influenced by the low intensity laser acupuncture stimulating thirteen ghost acupoints(includes CV1).

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.116-120
• /
• 2012

A psoas compartment block has been used to provide anesthesia for orthopedic surgical procedures and analgesia for post-operative pain. Currently, this block is advocated for relieving pain in the lower extremity and pelvic area resulting from various origins. We report a case of a 69-year-old male patient who had gait abnormality with posterior pelvic and hip pain, which were both aggravated by hip extension. From the magnetic resonance image, the patient was found to have a laterally herniated intervertebral disc at the L2/3 level, which compressed the right psoas muscle. This was thought to be the origin of the pain, so a psoas compartment block was performed using 0.25% chirocaine with triamcinolone 5mg, and the pain in both the pelvis and hip were relieved.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.171-177
• /
• 2020

Background: The flexion-relaxation phenomenon (FRP) refers to a sudden onset of activity in the erector spinae muscles that recedes or fades during full forward flexion of the trunk. Lumbar spine and hip flexion are associated with many daily physical activities that also impact trunk flexion. Shorter hamstring muscles result in a reduction of pelvic mobility that eventually culminates in low back pain (LBP). Many studies have explored the FRP in relation to LBP. However, few studies have investigated the influence of hamstring muscle length on the FRP in relation to the erector spinae muscles during trunk flexion. Objects: This study aimed to investigate the influence of hamstring muscle length on the FRP in relation to the erector spinae muscles during trunk flexion. Methods: Thirty subjects were divided into three groups according to hamstring length measured through an active knee extension test. The 30 participants consisted of 10 subjects who had a popliteal angle of 20° or less (Group 1), 10 subjects who had a popliteal angle of 21°-39° (Group 2), and 10 subjects who had a popliteal angle of 40° or more (Group 3). A one-way analysis of variance was used to compare the difference in muscle activity of the erector spinae muscles during trunk flexion. Results: The subjects with a shorter hamstring length had significantly higher muscle activity in their erector spinae muscles during trunk flexion and full trunk flexion (p < 0.05). The subjects with a shorter hamstring length also had a significantly higher flexion-relaxation ratio (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that differences in hamstring muscle length can influence the FRP in relation to the erector spinae muscles. This finding suggests that the shortening of the hamstring might be associated with LBP.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the pelvic compression belt (PCB) on the electromyography (EMG) activities of trunk muscles during sit-to-stand (SitTS), and stand-to-sit (StandTS) tasks. Twenty healthy subjects (7 men and 13 women) were recruited for this study. The subjects performed SitTS, and StandTS tasks, with and without a PCB. Surface EMG was used to record activity of the internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO), rectus abdominis (RA), erector spinae (ES), and multifidus (MF) of the dominant limb. EMG activity significantly decreased in the RA (without the PCB, $8.34{\pm}6.04$ %maximal voluntary isometric contraction [%MVIC]; with the PCB, $7.64{\pm}5.11$ %MVIC), EO (without the PCB, $14.83{\pm}11.82$ %MVIC; with the PCB, $11.98{\pm}7.60$ %MVIC), MF (without the PCB, $21.74{\pm}7.76$ %MVIC; with the PCB, $18.50{\pm}8.04$ %MVIC), and ES (without the PCB, $18.39{\pm}7.16$ %MVIC; with the PCB, $16.63{\pm}6.31$ %MVIC) during the SitTS task and in the IO (without the PCB, $20.58{\pm}15.60$ %MVIC; with the PCB, $17.27{\pm}12.32$ %MVIlC), RA (without the PCB, $8.04{\pm}5.68$ %MVIC; with the PCB, $7.40{\pm}4.71$ %MVIC), EO (without the PCB, $13.29{\pm}8.80$ %MVIC; with the PCB, $11.24{\pm}6.14$ %MVIC), MF (without the PCB, $18.59{\pm}7.64$ %MVIC; with the PCB, $15.86{\pm}6.48$ %MVIC), and ES (without the PCB, $17.14{\pm}6.44$ %MVIC; with the PCB, $15.46{\pm}5.62$ %MVIC) during the StandTS task when a PCB was used (p<.05). In men the EMG activity of the MF significantly decreased during the SitTS task when a PCB was used (p<.05): in women, the EMG activity of the RA, EO, MF, and ES during the SitTS task and that of the EO, MF, and ES during the SitTS task significantly decreased when a PCB was used (p<.05). In addition, the rates of change in the EMG activity of each muscle differed significantly during the SitTS and StandTS tasks before and after the use of the PCB. However, the EMG activity did not significantly differ between the male and female subjects. These findings suggest that the PCB may contribute to the modification of activation patterns of the trunk muscles during SitTS, and StandTS tasks.

• Journal of Naturopathy
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Qihyul-therapy was effective against subjects of bad Qihyul circulation who had narrowed muscles of the buttocks, a distorted body shape, or pain. Methods: Qihyul-therapy used. Results: The muscles of the buttocks remained almost untouched. The elasticity of the muscles restored. The skin tone brightened, and the anal muscle strengthened after Qihyul-therapy. The subject's body was shifted to the right by -7°. The right arm was about 6 cm longer than the left arm. But after correction, the right arm was about 5 cm shorter. The distorted body was almost balanced. After neck and shoulder correction, the distance between the collarbone and neck was 7~10 cm wider. After the pelvic correction, the pain in the buttocks was relieved, and the position of the hip joint returned correctly. The right leg that was turned 45° to the left was corrected, and the length became the same. Subjects had no knees attached, their right knees were up 5 cm above the left, and their ankles bent at an angle of 30 ° relative to the left, but after correction, the knees of the two legs stably attached. The height of the knee became the normal angle. Conclusion: If the Qihyul-therapy, the spine correction Qihyul-exercise and the pelvic correction Qihyul-exercise performed steadily, the deformed body shape restored adequately, and it is useful to prevent and cure related diseases by alleviating the pains.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.147-151
• /
• 2023

A 6-year-old female Chihuahua was presented to the Animal Medical Center for surgical resection of a perineal mass that had recently increased in size. Ultrasonography revealed a large, homogeneous fatty mass with irregular margins between the surrounding muscle layers due to infiltrating fatty tissues. Cytological findings from fine-needle aspirates revealed numerous sheets and clusters of adipocytes, which was consistent with the fatty mass. Based on ultrasonographic and cytological findings, an infiltrative lipoma was suspected. During the surgery, the perineal mass was found to be non-encapsulated, irregularly marginated, and extensively distributed into the surrounding muscles. The mass extended inside the pelvic cavity and left anal sac. The perineal mass was surgically removed and submitted for histopathologic examination. Histopathology confirmed that the mass was an infiltrative lipoma invading into the anal sac and surrounding muscles. The present report was an unusual presentation of infiltrative lipoma that invaded the anal sac in the perineum.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.360-369
• /
• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to help enhance the quality of life for women with urinary incontinence. Self-esteem, urinary symptoms, peak pressure and duration in seconds for vaginal contraction after pelvic muscles exercise were examined. Method: One-group pretest-posttest design was employed participants were 27 married women from G city. The instrument for this study were : the self-esteem scale developed by Rosenberg(1965). the Urinary Symptom Questionnaire, a subjective measurement of urinary incontinence, developed by Jackson et al.(1996) and the Perineometer used as an objective measurement of peak pressure and duration in seconds. Result: 1. Self-esteem showed significant improvement after the exercise (t=-3.832, p= .001). 2. Comparison of results before the pelvic muscles exercise and after showed that there was a statistically significant difference for several urinary symptoms including enuresis (t=2.833, p=.009), frequency of incontinence (t=2.964, p= .006), incontinence volume (t=2.280, p= .031), incontinence before getting to the restroom (t=3.035, p= .006), incontinence with no reason or feeling (t= 3.051, p= 005) burning sensation (t= 2.132, p=.043), and a sense of residual urine (t=2.267 p=.032). The mean scores showed improvement in the urinary symptoms of management of incontinence (M=$0.04{\pm}0.22$), daily frequency of incontinence management (M=$0.13{\pm}0.85$), urinary control (M=$0.15{\pm}0.86$), running to the restroom (M=$0.15{\pm}0.60$) incontinence caused by coughing or physical activities (M=$0.19{\pm}0.57$) and hesitancy (M=$0.07{\pm}0.55$). Overall urinary symptoms decreased significantly (t =3.073. p= .007). 3. Peak pressure showed an increase from a mean of $24.26{\pm}16.20mmHg$ before the exercise to a mean of $28.63{\pm} 17.79mmHg$ after (t=-2.399, p=.024). Duration in seconds also increased from a mean of $6.00{\pm}4.95sec$ to $9.15{\pm}5.83sec$ (t=-4.400, p= 000). Conclusion: These findings suggest that pelvic muscle exercise serves to decrease urinary problems, improve self-esteem and increase peak pressure and duration in seconds.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2016

PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify differences in the thickness of the transverse abdominis (TrA) and pelvic floor muscles (PFM) between those with (LBP) and without low back pain (non-LBP). The standardized methods of contraction for the TrA and PFM were used to perform the abdominal draw-in maneuver (ADIM) and pelvic floor muscle contraction (PFC), respectively. METHODS: This study included 27 young men and women, who were verbally instructed regarding the maneuvers (LBP, n=14; non-LBP, n=13). For all subjects, TrA and PFM thickness were evaluated by ultrasonography during ADIM and PFC. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that TrA thickness increased during ADIM and PFC to a greater degree in the non-LBP group than in the LBP group (p < 0.01). PFM thickness increased more during PFC in the non-LBP group than in the LBP group (p < 0.05). Both groups showed greater increases in TrA thickness during ADIM than during PFC (p < 0.01), and greater increases in PFM thickness during PFC than during ADIM (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that receiving verbal instructions on how to use each muscle for a specific maneuver was more beneficial than other verbal instruction. Further studies are needed determine how our results may be applied beneficially in research on this topic.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.103-107
• /
• 2015

Objective: Pelvic floor muscles (PFMs) form the base of the abdomino-pelvic cavity and also the PFMs function is important for urinary continence. PFMs training (PFMT) is considered to be the first method for PFM dysfunction. This study demonstrated correct PFMs contraction among commonly used different contraction methods for PFMT. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: In this study, nineteen middle-aged (40-70 years) women participated. To evaluate PFM function, ultrasonography was used to measure the distance of the bladder base movement. The distance of the PFM movements were calculated at rest and during the other contractions. The following four different contraction methods were performed randomly: (1) PFM contraction, (2) abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM), (3) anal contraction, and (4) hip adductor muscle contraction. The participants held the contraction for 3 seconds for a total of 3 times with a 30 seconds rest period between each trial. The mean of three measurements in each position were obtained and compared with that in the resting position. Results: The bladder base movement values were significantly greater when comparing PFM with ADIM and hip adductor contractions (p<0.05). The bladder base movement values were significantly greater when comparing ADIM and anal contractions with hip adductor contractions (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that performing PFM contractions is the best method among the common methods for PFMT. Performing PFM contractions was more effective than the other contraction methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.95-102
• /
• 2021

PURPOSE: This study examined the muscle activity of the abdominal muscle when lifting with abdominal hollowing with visual feedback and lifting with a pelvic compression belt. This study suggests how to lift an object safely in the workplace for people who bend their backs repeatedly. METHODS: The study was conducted on healthy men in their 20s and 30s. When lifting a 7kg object, lifting with abdominal hollowing with visual feedback, and lifting an object with a pelvic compression belt were performed three times in random order. The muscle activities were measured rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), internal oblique/transverse abdominis (IO/TrA) muscles, and abdominal hollowing exercises, and box lifting exercises were carried out in advance before the experiment. One-way ANOVA was used to compare muscle activities, and a Tukey HSD was used for post-analysis. The level of significance was set to .05. RESULTS: According to the study, there was no significant difference in muscle activity of the RA muscle depending on the lifting method (p > .05). There were significant differences between the EO and IO/TrA muscle (p < .05). The IO/TrA muscle activity showed the largest increase in lifting an abdominal hollowing with visual feedback (p < .05). The EO muscle activity increased in pelvic compression belt lifting (p < .05). The muscle activity was increased in RA, but there was no significant difference (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Abdominal hollowing lifting with visual feedback increases the muscle activity of the IO/TrA muscle, which is higher than normal, and affects the core stability of the body.