• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.131-138
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is the development of an agent-based pedestrian simulation model. The simulation model is based on the Cellular Automata theory. The model consists of four components: initialization, pedestrian generation, lateral movement, and front movement components. We have applied this model for experiment about pedestrian facility. In particular, we have experimented how the installation of fence is effective to resolve conflict pedestrian movements in different directions. We have found that the installation of the fence as a pedestrian facility can divide conflict moving pedestrians effectively. We have also found that the effect of the fence is bigger in slightly congested pedestrian flows than in severely congested pedestrian flows.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1309-1323
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• 2020

Crowd evacuation simulation is an important research issue for designing reasonable building layouts and planning more effective evacuation routes. The social force model (SFM) is an important pedestrian movement model, and is widely used in crowd evacuation simulations. The model can effectively simulate crowd evacuation behaviors in a simple scene, but for a multi-obstacle scene, the model could result in some undesirable problems, such as pedestrian evacuation trajectory oscillation, pedestrian stagnation and poor evacuation routing. This paper analyzes the causes of these problems and proposes an improved SFM for complex multi-obstacle scenes. The new model adds navigation points and walking shortest route principles to the SFM. Based on the proposed model, a crowd evacuation simulation system is developed, and the crowd evacuation simulation was carried out in various scenes, including some with simple obstacles, as well as those with multi-obstacles. Experiments show that the pedestrians in the proposed model can effectively bypass obstacles and plan reasonable evacuation routes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.115-120
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• 2008

The fatalities of pedestrian accounted for about 40.0% of all fatalities in Korea (2005 year). In pedestrian involved accident, the most important data to inspect accident is throw distance of pedestrian. The throw distance of pedestrian can be influenced by many variables, such as vehicular frontal shape, vehicular impact speed, the offset of impact point, the height of pedestrian, and road condition. The trajectory of pedestrian after collision can be influenced by vehicular frontal shape classified into sedan type, box type, SUV type and van type. Many studies have been done about pedestrian accident with passenger car model and bus model for simple factors. But the study of pedestrian accident by van type vehicle was much insufficient, and even that the influence of multiple factors such as the offset of impact point was neglected. In this paper, a series of pedestrian kinetic simulation were conducted to inspect relationship between throw distance and multiple factors with using PC-CRASH s/w, a kinetic analysis program for a traffic accident for van type. By based on the simulation results, multi-variate regression was conducted, and regression equation was presented.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.345-353
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• 2012

Recently rapid urbanization facilitates development of high-rise building complex including apartment and office building in urban area. Many problems related with high-rise building are reported. Especially, unpleasant strong winds in pedestrian area are frequently encountered around the high-rise building. CFD simulation methods are used to analyze the wind environment of pedestrian level in high-rise building block. However the results show differences between CFD and measurement. The reason for the difference is that conventional CFD simulation couldn't consider the effect of trees, shrubs and plants which affect the wind environment. Canopy model is a solution to solve the limitation of CFD analysis. In this paper, the canopy model to predict wind environment of pedestrian level by CFD simulation will be proposed and the validity will be analyzed by comparison of measurement and CFD prediction.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.76-81
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• 2009

The fatalities of pedestrian account for about 21.2% of all fatalities at 2007 year in Korea. To reconstruct exactly the accident, it is important to calculate the throw distance of pedestrian in car to pedestrian accident. The frontal shape of SUV vehicle is dissimilar to passenger car and bus, so the trajectory and throw distance of pedestrian by SUV vehicle is not the same of passenger car and bus. The influencing on it can be classified into the factors of vehicle and pedestrian, and road factor. It was analyzed by PC-CRASH for simulation, and SPSS s/w was used for regression analysis. From the simulation results, the maximum impact energy of multi-body of pedestrian was occurred to that of torso body at the same time. And the throw distance increased with the increasing of impact velocity, and decreased with the increasing of impact offset. Also it decreased with the increasing of velocity of pedestrian at accident, and the throw distance of wet road was longer than that of dry road. Finally, the regression analysis model of SUV(Nissan Pathfinder type)vehicle in car to pedestrian accident was as follows; $$disti_i=-0.87-0.11offseti_i+0.69speed_i-4.27height_i+0.004walk_i+0.63wet_i+{\epsilon}_i$$.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.169-177
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• 2009

In this paper, the rotated hexagonal lattice model (RHLM) was proposed, which is applied to pedestrian flow, and developed the simulation model for the pedestrian counterflow. RHLM is an upgrade version of the square lattice model(SLM) and hexagonal lattice model(HLM). The simulation was performed at the hexagonal lattice $20{\times}20$ and evaluated by different speed, density and flow conditions. Simulation results are compared with SLM and show that RHLM can replicate the characteristics of pedestrian traffic more effectively and reliably than any other existing models from several perspectives. First, RHLM can explain the shortest-path movement of pedestrians and more realistic avoidance motion. If they cannot move straight direction, they can move shorter distance from previous position to destination. Second, RHLM reflects the characteristics that the pedestrian can move with higher capacity and the speed of pedestrian flow is hard to zero.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.32 no.spc3
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• pp.185-193
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• 2012

Recently rapid urbanization facilitates development of high-rise building complex including apartment and office building in urban area. Many problems related with high -rise building are reported. Especially, unpleasant strong winds in pedestrian area are frequently encountered around the high-rise building. CFD simulation methods are used to analyze the wind environment of pedestrian level in high-rise building block. However, the results show differences between CFD and measurement. This difference is attributed to improper use of CFD. Conventional CFD simulation for wind environment around high-rise building does not describe the effect of trees, shrubs and plants near ground which affect the wind environment of pedestrian level. Canopy model can be used to reproduce the aerodynamic effects of trees, shrubs and plants near ground. In this paper, CFD simulation methods coupled with the tree canopy model to predict wind environment of pedestrian level in high-rise residential building block were suggested and the validity was analyzed by comparison between measurement and CFD results.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.11-16
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• 2010

Various researches have been performed on the topic of pedestrian traffic flow. At the beginning, the modeling and simulation method for the vehicular traffic flow was simply applied to pedestrian traffic flow. Recently, CA based simulation models are frequently applied to pedestrian flow analysis. Initially, the square Lattice Model is a base model for applying to pedestrians of counterflow and then Hexagonal Lattice Model improves its network as a hexagonal cell for more realistic movement of the avoidance of pedestrian conflicts. However these lattice models express only one directional movement because they express only one directional movement. In this paper, MLPM (the Multi-Layer Pedestrian Model) is suggested to give various origins and destinations for more realistic pedestrian motion in some place.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.4379-4397
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• 2017

Three different improvements of the Velocity-based model were proposed in a minimal velocity-based pedestrian model. The improvements of the models are based on the different agent forms. The different representations of the agent lead to different results, in this paper, we simulated the pedestrian movements in some typical scenes by using different agent forms, and the agent forms included the circles with different radiuses, the ellipse and the multi-circle stand for one pedestrian. We have proposed a novel model of pedestrian dynamics to optimize the simulation. Our model specifies the pedestrian behavior using a dynamic ellipse, which is parameterized by their velocity and can improve the simulaton accuracy. We found a representation of the pedestrian much closer to the reality. The phenomena of the self-organization can be observable in the improved models.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.499-512
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• 2018

The application of analytical techniques for the rational determination of problems arising from management science and corporate management. In a way that is the opposite of the repair plan that can predict accurate results is increasing utilization of the complex-based analysis methodology. In this study, we examined the application of physical space and the methodological utilization of the pedestrian model analysis that applied the simulation to the Health Checkup Center. The conclusions are as follows. First, the spatial analysis and measurement for empirical research has confirmed that the efficiency assessment through the pedestrian model simulation can lead to an objective evaluation. Second, it seems to be able to reduce the queue through a change in the number of services of the low-pressure and the hearing laboratory, the recovery room with a high proportion of male disturbances and relatively long use time. The third, the spatial density analysis and the time required to reduce the density change in comparative analysis, and the spatial layout changes, the increase in the capacity of 80 people, approximately 16 minutes to shorten the process duration.