• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.427-432
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• 2005

This study have been compared and analyzed voice parameter under the condition of normal voice and auditory condition(noise and music) for 29 patients of orofacial pain and 31 normal people to investigate voice feature and vocal variation for auditory condition of orofacial pain patient. 1. Compared to normal voice, orofacial pain patient showed lower and unstable voice feature which has low F0 rate and high jitter and shimmer rate. 2. Voice of orofacial pain patient showed more relaxed and stable voice feature with low F0 and shimmer rate in the music condition than noise condition. 3. Normal people's voice has no significant difference between music and noise condition even though it has high F0 rate under the noise condition. As a result, orofacial pain patient showed difference of feature and different response for external auditory condition compared to normal voice. Providing of positive emotional environment such as music could be considered for better outcome of oral facial pain patient's functional disability.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.99-104
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• 2016

For patients receiving chemotherapy and radiation therapy treatment progresses as vomiting, nausea, weight of the patient because of a loss of appetite it is reduced. The patient's weight and the distance from the skin and the treatment site is expected to be closer, thereby reducing the change in the skin because of this dose. This study tests using a loose see the difference between the volume change appears as the weight of the patient using the same phantom and the phantom body of the patient. To using the same as the position EBT film is attached to the skin of the treatment site and was adjusted to the thickness of the Bolus. And using a computerized treatment planning only tomotherapy equipment was passed under the conditions according to the thickness of the radiation dose. To baseline for accurate reproduction position using the MVCT was applied to treated with verification. By passing a total of three dose reduced the error, it was a measure of the film by using a dedicated scanner, EBT VIDAR scanner. Got an increase in the skin dose is displayed each time the thickness of the bolus reduced, in a bolus was completely removed with the highest value. If the changes appeared dose was greater weight loss patients to chemotherapy and therefore bolus thickness variation considering the weight loss of the patient when applying the tomotherapy of nasopharynx cancer was found that the increase in skin dose be increased. This large patient before treatment due to weight loss over the image verification is considered to be established should consider how to re-create your mask and treatment plan for fixing it.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.298-305
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• 2017

Objective: This paper describes changes in the characteristics of patients seeking orthodontic treatment over the past decade and the treatment they received, to identify any seasonal variations or trends. Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included all patients who presented to Seoul National University Dental Hospital for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2015. The study analyzed a set of heterogeneous variables grouped into the following categories: demographic (age, gender, and address), clinical (Angle Classification, anomaly, mode of orthodontic treatment, removable appliances for Phase 1 treatment, fixed appliances for Phase 2 treatment, orthognathic surgery, extraction, mini-plate, mini-implant, and patient transfer) and time-related variables (date of first visit and orthodontic treatment time). Time series analysis was applied to each variable. Results: The sample included 14,510 patients with a median age of 19.5 years. The number of patients and their ages demonstrated a clear seasonal variation, which peaked in the summer and winter. Increasing trends were observed for the proportion of male patients, use of non-extraction treatment modality, use of ceramic brackets, patients from provinces outside the Seoul region at large, patients transferred from private practitioners, and patients who underwent orthognathic surgery performed by university surgeons. Decreasing trends included the use of metal brackets and orthodontic treatment time. Conclusions: Time series analysis revealed a seasonal variation in some characteristics, and several variables showed changing trends over the past decade.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.77-83
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• 2008

Human leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was first identified as a trace protein in human serum. The primary sequence of LRG1 includes repeated leucine residues and putative membrane-binding domains. But, there is no published information on the genetic variation of this gene. In this study, LRG1 was identified as one of several upregulated genes in RA patients. We examined the expression levels of LRG1 between an RA patient and a healthy control by RT-PCR and validated that LRG1 was highly expressed in RA patients compared with controls. We identified the possible variation sites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human LRG1 gene by direct sequencing and analyzed the association of genotype and allele frequencies between RA patients and a control group without RA. We further investigated the relationship between these polymorphisms and the level of RF or anti-CCP in RA patients. We identified a total of three SNPs(g.-678A>G, g.-404C>T and g.1427T>C) and two variation sites (g.-1198delA and g.-893delA) in the LRG1 gene. Our results suggest that polymorphisms of the LRG1 gene are not associated with the susceptibility of RA in the Korean population.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.254-263
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• 2015

Objectives: The present study assessed the prevalence of the potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use in Korean elderly patients with Parkinson's disease. In addition, this study examined risk factors that affect PIM use. Method: A retrospective, observational study was conducted using Korean National Health Insurance claims database of 2009. PIM use in Parkinson's disease patients aged 65 years or older was examined based on 2012 Beers Criteria. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify risk factors for PIM use. Results: Among 5,277 elderly patients with Parkinson's disease, 88.9% of patients used PIM(s) at least once. The average number of PIM items used per patient was 4.2. PIM use ratio, the proportion of total amount of PIMs to all medications per patient, was 12.6%. Frequently used PIM therapeutic classes were benzodiazepines (32.7%), first-generation antihistamines (19.2%), and prokinetics (17.5%). Individual PIMs most commonly used included chlorpheniramine (11.4%), levosulpiride (10.9%), diazepam (9.0%), and alprazolam (7.6%). Women (odds ratio [OR] 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-1.16), medical aid (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.15-1.21), and long-term facilities (OR 2.43, 95% CI 2.22-2.65) were shown to be risk factors associated with PIM use. Of particular, wide variation in PIM use was associated with the types of healthcare facility. Conclusion: The PIM prevalence was very high in elderly Parkinson's disease patients. Nationally effective and systematic efforts to identify and prevent PIM use should be made to ensure patient safety and to improve quality of care in the elderly.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.141-146
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• 2015

Background: An understanding of the features of postoperative pain is essential for optimal analgesic dosing strategies. Using a visual analogue scale (VAS) score and patient controlled analgesia (PCA) infusion pattern analysis, an anesthesiologist can estimate when and how severely patients suffer from pain. Several reports have been published about circadian changes in the pain threshold. Postoperative pain was analyzed retrospectively in 250 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery. Methods: A total of 250 patients were allocated into two groups according to the time of recovery from anesthesia. Patients in the early group (group E) recovered from anesthesia before 06:00 p.m. Patients in the late group (group L) recovered from anesthesia after 06:00 p.m. All patients received intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV PCA) at the end of the operation. The VAS score of pain intensity was measured. Self-administration of bolus analgesic from the IV PCA device was also analyzed according to actual time and elapsed time. Results: VAS scores showed no difference between the two groups except 36 hours after recovery from anesthesia. On POD1, there were two peaks for self-administration of bolus analgesics in group L and one peak in the morning for group E. Two peaks each in the morning and in the afternoon were shown in both groups on POD2. Conclusions: Diurnal variance in pain should be considered for effective dosing strategies.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.116-123
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• 2018

This study is a model experimental study using a phantom to propose an optimized brain CT scan protocol that can reduce the radiation dose of a patient and remain quality of image. We investigate the CT scan parameters of brain CT in clinical medical institutions and to measure the important parameters that determine the quality of CT images. We used 52 multislice spiral CT (SOMATOM Definition AS+, Siemens Healthcare, Germany). The scan parameters were tube voltage (kVp), tube current (mAs), scan time, slice thickness, pitch, and scan field of view (SFOV) directly related to the patient's exposure dose. The CT dose indicators were CTDIvol and DLP. The CT images were obtained while increasing the imaging conditions constantly from the phantom limit value (Q1) to the maximum value (Q4) for AAPM CT performance evaluation. And statistics analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficients. The result of tube voltage that the increase in tube voltage proportionally increases the variation range of the CT number. And similar results were obtained in the qualitative evaluation of the CT image compared to the tube voltage of 120 kVp, which was applied clinically at 100 kVp. Also, the scan conditions were appropriate in the tube current range of 250 mAs to 350 mAs when the tube voltage was 100 kVp. Therefore, by applying the proposed brain CT scanning parameters can be reduced the radiation dose of the patient while maintaining quality of image.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 1982

Measurement of triiodothyronine($T_3$) concentration is useful for the diagnosic and treatment of thyroid gland diseases. Fundermental studies of measurement of $T_3$ concentration by radioimmunoassay were performed and values determined by commercially available kit, Coat-A-Count, Diagnostic Products Corporation. The optimal utilization of the radioimmunoassay in measuring $T_3$ concentrations is dependant not only on high quality performance of the assay, but also on their appropriate application to the clinical situation. These are several aspects that must be considered in every individual case. These include factors such as accurate pippeting in reagent preparation in the assay and through decanting to remove all visible moisture after incubation steps and so forth. In attempt to assess quality control of the radioimmunoassay of serum $T_3$, serum pools with high, medium, low $T_3$ concentrations were assayed for each of 5 samples. The results obtained with this study were as follow: 1. The coefficient of variation(C. V.) for the standard curve ranged between $0.2{\sim}3.5%$. 2. It was necessary that both incubation time and temperature should correctly be maintained all the in the assay performance. 3. The precison with the $T_3$ RIA procedure was good. 4. The measured values of serially diluted serum $T_3$ concentration with Ong/dl standard solution was proportional to the predicted values. However dilution curve of distilled water was not strait. 5. Calculated $T_3$ values of patient serum in normal group was $107.8{\pm}25.90ng/dl$ in male patient and $127.29{\pm}24.08ng/dl$ in female patient.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.48-53
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• 2012

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in South Korea. To decrease its mortality rate, its early detection is very important. Screening for HCC detection has been accepted as the management modality for patients with chronic liver disease. Reported herein is a case involving the marked rapid growth of HCC detected at an advanced stage in a screening test with a 3 months interval. A 49-year-old male patient with chronic hepatitis B was admitted to the hospital due to a liver mass detected on CT scan. The patient underwent a first CT scan 3 months earlier, and no tumor was detected. Follow-up CT scan was performed and showed a 9.1 cm HCC with portal vein thrombosis. Percutaneous liver biopsy was performed, and the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma was confirmed. In the pertinent guidelines, the recommended screening interval for HCC is 6-12 months, but the screening interval and additional diagnostic methods should be considered due to the variation in the HCC growth rate according to the patient's clinical characteristics.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.62-67
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of deep neural network model in order to determine whether there is a risk factor for coronary artery disease based on the cardiac variation parameter. The study used unidentifiable 297 data to evaluate the performance of the model. Input data consists of heart rate parameters, which are SDNN (standard deviation of the N-N intervals), PSI (physical stress index), TP (total power), VLF (very low frequency), LF (low frequency), HF (high frequency), RMSSD (root mean square of successive difference) APEN (approximate entropy) and SRD (successive R-R interval difference), the age group and sex. Output data are divided into normal and patient groups, and the patient group consists of those diagnosed with diabetes, high blood pressure, and hyperlipidemia among the various risk factors that can cause coronary artery disease. Based on this, a binary classification model was applied using Deep Neural Network of deep learning techniques to classify normal and patient groups efficiently. To evaluate the effectiveness of the model used in this study, Kernel SVM (support vector machine), one of the classification models in machine learning, was compared and evaluated using same data. The results showed that the accuracy of the proposed deep neural network was train set 91.79% and test set 85.56% and the specificity was 87.04% and the sensitivity was 83.33% from the point of diagnosis. These results suggest that deep learning is more efficient when classifying these medical data because the train set accuracy in the deep neural network was 7.73% higher than the comparative model Kernel SVM.