• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.8
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• pp.319-327
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• 2016

Allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergy, are most common chronic, noncommunicable diseases in childhood. In the past few decades, the prevalence has increased abruptly worldwide. There are 2 possible explanations for the rising prevalence of allergic diseases worldwide, that an increased disease-awareness of physician, patient, or caregivers, and an abrupt exposure to unknown hazards. Unfortunately, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Despite the continuing efforts worldwide, the etiologies and rising prevalence remain unclear. Thus, it is important to identify and control risk factors in the susceptible individual for the best prevention and management. Genetic susceptibility or environments may be a potential background for the development of allergic disease, however they alone cannot explain the rising prevalence worldwide. There is growing evidence that epigenetic change depends on the gene, environment, and their interactions, may induce a long-lasting altered gene expression and the consequent development of allergic diseases. In epigenetic mechanisms, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure during critical period (i.e., during pregnancy and early life) are considered as a potential cause of the development of childhood allergic diseases. However, the causal relationship is still unclear. This review aimed to highlight the impact of ETS exposure during the perinatal period on the development of childhood allergic diseases and to propose a future research direction.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.10-20
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• 1995

A study was undertaken to elucidate the clinical dietetic performance level and to identify the difference between the actual role performance and perception of important level of the clinical dietitian. The survey was carried out for the 21 general hospital over 100 beds in Seoul, Pusan and Daegu area. The results of the study can be summarized as follows. 1. One dietitian was responsible for the feeding and clinical dietetic activity of 166 in-patients on the average. 2. In the actual role performance of clinical dietetic practices, of the 26 items listed, only 3 were always or almost or almost performed by 75% of the dietitians, 4 additional items were always or almost performed by 60% of them. 3. In the perception of importance level of clinical dietetic practices, more than 75% of the dietitians indicated that 23 of the 26 tasks were important practices. 4. The performance average score of nutrition assessment was 15.85, of nutrition care plan development was 19.72, of patient counseling was 12.22, of research activity was 19.62, and of education was 21.27 in the dietetic department was a division for the clinical dietetic activity, while 10.96, 15.24, 9.54, 15.97, 18.50 respectively in the dietetic department has not a division for it.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.380-385
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• 2005

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of verapamil on the pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen following oral administration of tamoxifen with verapamil to rats. Tamoxifen (10 mg/kg) was administered orally in the presence or absence of verapamil (1, 3 or 6 mg/kg). Compared to the control group (given tamoxifen alone), the presence of verapamil significantly (p<0.05 by 1 mg/kg, p<0.01 by 3 and 6 mg/kg) increased the areas under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and the peak concentrations ($C_{max}$) of tamoxifen. Consequently, the relative bioavailability ($RB\%$) of tamoxifen with verapamil was 1.6-2.1 fold higher than that of the control. But the time to reach peak concentration ($T_{max}$) and the terminal half-life ($t_{1/2}$) of tamoxifen were not altered significantly in the presence of verapamil. The increased AUC and $C_{max}$ of tamox­ifen in the presence of verapamil might be associated with the inhibition by verapamil of the P-glycoprotein and the first­pass metabolizing enzyme CYP3A4 in small intestinal mucosa. The drug interaction should be taken into consideration when tamoxifen is used to the patient with verapamil in the clinical setting.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.55-69
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• 2007

Objectives : The aim of the study was to investigate the principal symptoms and a syndrome differentiation in the obesity using surveys from Oriental medical doctors and obese patients. Methods : Seventy three Oriental medical doctors who participated in the 2006 autumn annual conference of Korean Oriental Association for Study of Obesity and 243 obese patients responded to the survey. Results : Twenty nine percent of Oriental medical doctors replied that the syndrome differentiation is the most important diagnosis index, and 21 percent of them replied they use Sasang Constitution classification during diagnostic process. The syndrome differentiations used were mainly phlegm-fluid, blood stasis, spleen vacuity, food accumulation, damp phlegm, and Gi deficiency order. In the response of doctors and patients about principle symptoms of 6 syndrom differentiation belong inside 5 place except phlegm fluid and liver stasis Conclusions : We should develop syndrome differentiation questionnaire about obese symptoms.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.33-44
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• 2011

The influence of nutrition during early life on physical growth as well as mental development has been thoroughly discussed in the literature. The physical dimensions of the body are greatly influenced by nutrition, particularly during the period of rapid growth in early childhood. Nutritional status affects every pediatric patient's response toillness. Good nutrition is important for achieving normal growth and development. It is indicated that permanent impairment of the central nervous system may result from dietary restriction of imbalance during certain periods of life. If children under 3 years of age show a good nutritional status, it may be assumed that they are well nourished. Several common diseases of children such as iron deficiency, chronic constipation and atopic dermatitis are known food related diseases. Patients with chronic illness and those at risk of malnutrition should have detailed nutritional assessments done. Components of a complete nutritional assessment include a medical history, nutritional history including dietary intake, physical examination, anthropometrics (weight, length or stature, head circumference, midarm circumference, and triceps skinfold thickness), pubertal staging, skeletal maturity staging, and biochemical tests of nutritional status. The use of age, gender, and disease-specific growth charts is essential in assessing nutritional status and monitoring nutrition interventions. Nutrition assessment and dietary counseling is helpful for the cure of disease, and moreover, the prevention of illness.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.109-131
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• 2001

1. In general, male-to-female rate of those investigated was 1.83:1(M:F) and in term of economic status, most were middle class. The investigation shows that reserved, sharp and nervous persons were inclined to easily fall ill. 2. The probability of their falling ill was high in the fall and during sleep because probability of cerebral infarction was high. 3. It was found that they more refained from overeating and from eating pungent food and had less meat than before illness, in addition that refaining from drinking and smoking further improves their daily lives. 4. The especially acknowledged the necessity of physical exercise, they exercised, more frequency, but less strenuously. This was due to the decline in their physical strength or the unsystematic nature of the exercise. 5. In terms of weight loss, the test subjects lost 5kg on average while two of them lost 10kg. The investigation revealed that such stroke patients could overcome a range of problems, and they could improve and maintain their daily condition through guidance and education about their illness. Furthermore, it was revealed that patients needed be shown love and concern, to lead a normal satisfying social life.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.848-852
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• 2001

The biomedical signals such as ECG, EMG, EEG, and etc are very Important information to diagnose patients The signal is hard to filter the noise because that is mixed with a lot of noise and biomedical signal has the properties of nonlinear and time-variance. So, we will filter under the measure environment for system or patient. But the general adaptive fillet has brought on the distortion of signal because the adaptive filter adjust the filter coefficient with the fixed order of filter, that filter has the unsuitable order in each other environment. So we propose the dynamic structure adaptive filter that is used for improving that disadvantage. In experiment, we obtain the optimal order of adaptive filter and have food results.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.85-92
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• 2015

Objectives: The liver fibroscan has been developed as a noninvasive and convenient method to assess hepatic fibrosis. This study aimed to review this device in terms of its technological concept and clinical application in traditional Korean medicine (TKM). Methods: The technological background, diagnostic evaluation, and clinical usefulness of fibroscan were reviewed using various literature and clinical studies. One clinical example-a patient with hepatofibrosis who had been treated with TKM-is presented. Results: The liver fibroscan was approved as a medical device for noninvasive measurement of the hepatic fibrosis level by the Korean Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Numerous clinical studies have confirmed that its sensitivity and specificity allow it to serve as a substitute for liver biopsy, the present gold standard diagnostic method. The accuracy and reproducibility and lack of technical risks are strong points of the fibroscan; however, it has some limitations for application, especially in patients with obesity or severe hepatitis. One clinical example showed the applicability of the liver fibroscan in herbal medicine-based treatments. Conclusions: The requirement for diagnostic medical devices is an important issue in TKM; therefore, this study provides valuable information for practitioners of TKM.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 2013

Introduction: ALT/AST enzymes are present inside the cells. AST is found in cardiac and skeletal muscle and red blood cells but the ALT is checked mainly in the liver. In general, the rise of these two indicators shows liver damage. The usual measurements of these enzymes are used in liver function tests, but the levels of AST and ALT do not always reflect liver function. Method and Cases: 17 cases of liver dysfunction transiently were evaluated clinically, biochemically, and imaging study of sonogram in pediatric in-patients for 3 years. Result: Most common causes of transient liver dysfunction were infection, especially viral gastroenteritis, and bacterial infection interfering oral food intake. More often occurred in the children who have infant hyperbilirubinemia, positive history of mitochondrial dysfunction or hypoglycemia. Fasting study in one case of hypoglycemia patient showed reversible liver dysfunction during fasting over 20 hours fasting. Discussion: A significant increase in AST and ALT with normal bilirubin can be observed in clinically healthy people during blunt trauma, viral infection, severe pain, metabolic syndrome, fasting or accidental health screening.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.165-174
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• 2015

Objective : To find whether Herbal medicine(Chengsimyeunja-eum) and acupuncture can correct hypogeusia.Method : One patient with hypogeusia related to the effects of onion juice was selected. Herbal medicine(Chengsimyeunja-eum) was administered and acupuncture was applied for 30 times in 2 months. Taste function was evaluated by self report, the way to gustometry based on Visual Analogue Scale(VAS).Result : Chengsimyeunja-eum and acupuncture treatment improved taste after 2 months of treatment. Adverse effects were not reported.Conclusion : This study shows that the Korean medicine treatment was effective in improving hypogeusia related to the effect of onion juice.