• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.339-347
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• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate the pathological changes with paraquat(1.1'-dimethyl-4.4'-dipyrildiylium dichloride) administered by intraperitoneally, orally, skin applied in mice, rats and rabbits. Results were obtained as follows; In 2 days after paraquat administration clinical signs anorexia, depression, tachypnea, and tachycardia, respiratory failure, coma and death were observed in mice, rats and rabbits. Compared toxicity of paraquat with mouse were observed toward to paraquat that resistance was strong than rats and rabbits. Also, mortality of skin application were found the low than intraperitoneal and high than oral administration. In the case of gross observation were appear lips moisture in orally administered rats and rabbits by skin application. Lung of all laboratory animals were observed congestion and haemorrhage, swelling or atrophy. In the case of microscopic findings were severe congestion and haemorrhage, interstitial pneumonia of lung. Congestion and haemorrhage of liver, congestion and haemorrhage, renal tubule epithelium necrosis of kidney were observed in mice, rats and rabbits. Skin application group of mice, rats and rabbits showed infiltration of inflammatory cells and folliculitis of epidermis and dermis. Also, in oral administration group showed congestion and haemorrhage, tachment, necrosis of alimentary tract mucosa.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.349-359
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• 1994

To elucidate pathogenicity to hamster of encephalomyocarditis virus $K_3$ strain that was isolated in Korea from the swine with reproductive failures, adult male syrian hamsters were experimentally infected intraperitoneally with the virus at $10^{7.0}\;TCID_{50}/0.1ml$ and pathological and immunohistochemical studies were performed. The results obtained through the experiment were as follows. 1. Clinical signs such as depression, unkempt hair and bilateral parlysis of hind limbs were observed. 2. At necropsy, mild congestion was observed in the cerebrum, liver, kidney and lung, and atrophy was evident in testis. 3. In microscopic observation, degeneration and necrosis of the nervous cells and perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration were manifested in central nerve system, and various degrees of degeneration and necrosis of parenchymal cells were detected in pancreas, lacrimal gland, liver, kidney and testis. 4. In immunohistochemical observation, strong positive reactions were observed in degenerated parenchymal cell of testis, and weak positive reactions, in hepatocytes.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.287-290
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• 2018

Tumoral calcinosis is a condition characterized by deposition of calcium salts in the skin and subcutaneous tissue, commonly found around the joints. However, tumoral calcinosis of the auricle is extremely rare. We present the case of a 13-year-old boy with tumoral calcinosis of the helix of the ear auricle. A 13-year-old boy presented with a 10-year history of an enlarging mass on the left auricle. The mass was hard, non-tender, and non-compressible. The patient had no history of trauma. Complete surgical excision and pathological examination of the specimen was performed. The final diagnosis of the excised mass was tumoral calcinosis. After 9 months of follow-up, there were no signs of recurrence of the tumor and the patient was satisfied with the surgical results. Tumoral calcinosis of the auricle is extremely rare and may be misdiagnosed as other tumors. Pathological examination is essential for definitive diagnosis and complete surgical excision should be considered as the treatment of choice.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2016

Salicornia herbacea L. (S. herbacea) is an annual herbaceous plant of Chenopodiaceae. It grows in groups on the coast or mud flat of Korea is known to be rich in minerals. S. herbacea has potent anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-obesity, bowel function improvement. However, pharmacological mechanisms of S. herbacea extract (SHE) remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential acute toxicity of SHE in ICR mice administered a single oral dose of 0, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg by gavage. After administration of the extract, signs of toxicity were observed every day for 14 days. No mortality, abnormal clinical signs, body weight, organ weight or pathological changes were observed compared to a control group, and there were no differences in the body weights of the control and treatment groups. Biological serum activities and histological tests were not significantly changed in the treatment group compared to the control group. Especially, treatment of SHE was significantly decreased of total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. These results indicated that a single oral administration of SHE does not exerts any toxic effects at a dose of 2,000 mg/kg and that the $LD_{50}$ of SHE is greater than 2,000 mg/kg. Accordingly, SHE appears to have potential in various functional agents of foods, without toxicity.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2010

Objectives : We investigated the repeated-dose toxicity of Wenpitang-Hab-Wulingsan(WHW), a Korean traditional medicine prescribed with twelve herbs, which has been used for the treatment of renal disease. Methods : WHW extract prepared by GLP company. WHW was supplemented by gavage at 0, 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day for 13-week consecutive days. We recorded the clinical signs of toxicity, body weight, organ weights, hematology, gross and histological changes in target organs rats and clinical chemistry analysis for all rats. Results : WHW extract at all doses was shown no mortality or abnormal clinical signs in rats during at the observation period. Furthermore, there was no difference in body weight and food-take consumption, organ weight, gross pathological findings, and urine analysis among the groups of rats treated with different doses of WHW extract. The hematological analysis and clinical blood chemistry data were revealed no toxic effects from WHW-treated rats. Conclusions : The results suggest that WHW extract in rats is a wide margin of safety on a acute toxicity.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.85-87
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• 2010

We experienced a rare case of solitary syphilitic osteomyelitis of the skull without any other clinical signs or symptoms of syphilis. A 20-year-old man was referred due to intermittent headache and mild tenderness at the right parietal area of the skull with a palpable coin-sized lesion of softened cortical bone. On radiological studies, the lesion was a radiolucent well enhanced mass (17 mm in diameter). The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (52 mm/h) and C-reactive protein (2.24 mg/dL) were elevated on admission. Serum venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) and Treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay (TPHA) tests were positive. There were no clinical signs or symptoms of syphilis. After treatment with benzathine penicillin, we removed the lesion and performed cranioplasty. The pathologic finding of the skull lesion was fibrous proliferation with lymphoplasmocytic infiltration forming an osteolytic lesion. In addition, a spirochete was identified using the Warthin-starry stain. The polymerase chain reaction study showed a positive band for Treponema pallidum. Solitary osteomyelitis of the skull can be the initial presenting pathological lesion of syphilis.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.161-166
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• 1997

From January of 1991 to December of 1992, 42 chickens collected from 21 poultry farms and also diagnosed as necrotic enteritis(NE) was examined clinical signs, gross and histopathological findings. Main clinical signs were characterized by decreased appetite, mild to severe depression, reductance to move, ruffled feathers, greenish to yellow-browinish diarrhea sometimes including blood. As progressed, diseased chickens showed feces mixed with necrotic debris which detached from the intestinal mucosa and mostly resulted in the death. In chronic cases, there were dirty feathers around cloaca due to diarrhea and notably retarded growth. Principle gross lesions were usually confined to the jejunum and ileum, especially toward the lower part of Meckel's diverticulum. The part of small intestine was frequently distended with gas, and also showed mucosal congestion and hemorrhages with varying degrees. Sometimes, the intestinal mucosa was thickened, and also covered with fibronecrotic psuedomembrane. In addition, there were focal necrosis and severely multifocal ulcreation in the mucosa of small intestine. Major histopathological findings included villous necrosis and erosion of the small intestine covering with lots of bacterial colonies, inflammatory cell infiltration in the lamina propria, and dilatation and hyperplasia of crypts. Luminal exudate contained bacterial colonies, fibrin, erythrocytes, and desquamated epithelium. Thirteen(61.9%) out of 21 NE-occurring farms were complicated with intestinal coccidiosis.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.331-335
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• 2006

The single dose toxicity of Buxus microphylla var koreana Nakai was evaluated in ICR mice. Twenty five mice of each sex were randomly assigned to five groups of 5 mice each and were administered singly by gavage at dose of 0, 222, 667, 2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg body weight. After single administration, signs of toxicity were observed every hour for the first 6 hours and every day for 14 days. At the end of 14-day observation period, all animals were sacrificed for gross postmortem examinations. Neither significant toxic signs nor death was observed during the observation period. In addition, no pathological changes were noticed in macroscopic examination at necropsy. These results indicate that the single oral administration of Buxus microphylla var. Koreana Nakai did not cause any toxic effect at the dose of 5,000 mg/kg body weight for both sexes and $LD_{50}$ of Buxus microphylla var. koreana Nakai is greater than 5,000 mg/kg body weight.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.295-303
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• 1996

Acute toxic effects of the Woo Whang Chung Shim Won suspension and pills were studied with the doses of 60, 74, 90, and 110 ml/kg in mice. In this study, we daily examined number of deaths, clinical signs, body weights, and pathological findings for 7 days after administration of Woo Whang Chung Shim Won. All mice given the highest dose (110ml/kg) died at 24 hour after administration of Sam-Sung Woo Whang Chung Shim Won suspension (Byunbang, SS-BS and Wonbang, SS-WS), one male and two female mice given 90 ml/kg dose of SS-BS died, and a few mice given middle dose (74 ml/kg) of SS-WS died. In control group (110 ml/kg) treated with vehicle (SS-BS and SS-WS), three out of 5 males and two out of 5 females mice died during the study. However, in animals treated with Kwang-Dong Woo Whang Chung Shim Won suspension (KD-S) and pill (KD-P), deaths were not observed. In the clinical signs, increase of drooling and decrease of spontaneous motor activities were observed in the highest dose group (110 ml/kg). No significant dose-related change in body weight was observed. The results suggest that the toxic effect of SS-BS and SS-WS may be atttributed to the solution for the Woo Whang Chung Shim Won suspension.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.647-652
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• 2007

In the present study, we address systemically a case of renal disease developed in a 1 year-old male cocker spaniel dog in terms of clinical signs, clinical pathology and pathological examinations. The animal has been suffered from renal dysfunction signs such as polyuria, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea and weight loss. The dog was very weak and emaciated and had foamy contents with foul-smell in oral cavity. The animals showed notable decrease in the number of red blood cells and severe decreases of hemoglobin and hematocrit with or without changes of mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration values, indicating microcytic or normocytic hypochromatic anemia. In serum chemistry, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphorous, Na and Cl, which are associated with renal function, were dramatically increased. In addition, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transferase, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, lipase and amylase were also significantly elevated, while K concentration was notably decreased. Urinalysis indicated prominent proteinuria with increase of bilirubin. Despite of symptomatic treatments, the dog was getting worse in healthy condition and dead in the end. At necropsy, both kidneys were brownish, pale, slightly small, and have diffuse, firm and subcapsular pits. Histologically, the kidneys indicated prominent segmental or diffuse interstitial fibrosis in cortex and medulla as well as glomerulonephritis. The clinical signs, clinical pathology and histopathological abnormalities of the young dog presented were consistent with chronic glomerulonephropathy, which was suspected to be a case of familial renal disease in the juvenile cocker spaniel dog.