• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.67-76
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to set a direction for the development of men's underwear after analyzing current applications for patent regarding men's special-purpose underwear. In terms of a research method, the disclosed patents and utility models were investigated using the patent information database provided by Korea Institute of Patent Information (KIPRIS, http://www.kipris.or.kr). For this, the patents applied from 1990 to October 2015 were targeted. The keywords used for patent search were 'men's underwear' and 'men's special-purpose underwear.' When searched by the keywords above, a total of 1,089 cases were found. Except for expired or cancelled ones, 243 cases were investigated. Then, annual application trends, current registrations on literature records, classification of utility model right holders and contents by topic were analyzed. In terms of data analysis, frequency analysis, crosstabulation analysis and multiple response analysis were conducted, using SPSS 18.0. The results found the followings: In terms of annual application trends, the number of applications for patent started to gradually increase since 2007. Since 2011, it has rapidly increased. In terms of the number of patent registrations, literature registration was far higher than utility model registration. In terms of application rights, 'individually registered (58.8%)' was higher than 'registered by the organization (41.2%).' Among 243 cases, 'underwear (58%)' was the highest, followed by 'men's underwear-related items (29.2%)' and 'thermals (8.2%).' According to analysis on the details of the patent applied for men's underwear, 'penis-scrotum separation' was most focused, followed by 'disposable product' 'airy features,' 'scrotum protection' and 'structure of underwear.'

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.840-845
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the trends of technique development of domestic textile industry and to guide the directions for researches to secure competitiveness of textile industry by analyzing domestic patent applications. This research used patent literature from Korean Patent Information database provided by Korea Intellectual Property Rights Information Service(KIPRIS), and the patent search scope, based on the application year, was from 1980 to 2007. The number of patents by natives was lower than that of foreigners in 1980's, but from the mid 90's, that number grew larger than that of foreigners. Also the number of patents by natives have shown steadily increasing tendency. However, the number of foreigner's patent in D03, D04, D05 of class was higher than the number of patents by natives. The technical fields where the patent application ratio is high varied from one country to another. In Korea, D01F of subclass had the most number of patents, and D05B, D04B had the most number of patents in Japan and Germany.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.151-163
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• 2002

This study attempted to creat patent map 163 cases of patent for technology of apparel design using computer technology and researched the trend of Patent application by count교, technologies, applicant and filing date. In regard to application by country, the United States mark the first place with 99 cases (61%), Japan marks the second with 34 cases (21%), Korea the third with 19 cases (12%). Comparing the patent applications in specialized technologies, we find the United States is overwhelming the technologies for garment Production Process, Patterning Process and preparatory process, and Japan is currently undergoing development work in this area, while most of Korean applications are focused in the technologies for selection or substitution methods related to Purchase and sale of apparels, body image and design service Therefore, it is required to preoccupy and defend patent rights as well as develop technologies aggressively and extensively in preparation for the expansion of e-commerce market. Analysing the speed of progress in technology in terms of number of applicants and application cases, we can say it entered into developing stage from the middle of 1990s and it seems that they will continue the development work from now on. in case of Korea, they began in 1996, somewhat late, but reached a similar level with the United States in 2000.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.160-166
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• 2014

Patent and utility indicate international competitiveness in the knowledge-based society of the $21^{st}$century where both the quantity and quality of the nation's scientific intelligence and innovative technology represent key criteria to evaluate its strength. Thus, discerning the trends of patents is inevitable for further development. This research is centered on apprehending the technological current of the functional clothing of Korea, through an analysis of patents and utility models. The number of patent applications in Korea was low until the mid-1990s. However, it began to grow rapidly in the 2000s and the number of patents surpassed the number of utility starting in 2006. The technological level of invention in this field has been turned into a higher level. The IPC code with the strongest application was the field related to temperature controllable clothing (A41D 13/005), followed by surgeon or patient apparel related fields (A41D 13/12), and reflective or luminous safety devices (A41D 13/01).The main technological idea was to give functionality that could protect the human body from various hazards and represents the goal of various applied techniques. About 66% of domestic patent applications belong to individuals; however, the proportion of corporate or institutional applications(including universities) remains poor. Consequently, more systematic and long-term support for research on patents is required.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.227-252
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• 2019

This study explores the effects of exports on the innovation of Korean firms listed on two Korean stock markets, the Korean Stock Exchange and the Korean Securities Dealers Quotations, between 1999 and 2016. By matching exporting firms to non-exporting ones with propensity score matching, this study accounts for a problem from sample selection bias that may arise from differences in firm-characteristics between the two groups. From the study results, first, both export participation and export volume significantly increase subsequent innovation performance, as measured by the number of patent applications. This result seems to support the "learning by exporting" hypothesis for Korean listed firms. Second, both export participation and export volume narrow innovation scope, proxied as the number of unique International Patent Classification (IPC) codes of the patent applied, the degree to which patents are concentrated in a particular class, and the degree of proximity in the patents. The findings of innovation scope suggest a possible explanation that the learning effect appears in familiar technology fields that firms have previously held, rather than in unfamiliar ones. Third, these results are robust using alternative proxies in the innovation scope, Tobit regressions to consider the non-trivial portion of sample firms with patent applications equal to zeros, and generalized method of moments (GMM) to control for the persistence of innovation measures hearing over years. Finally, the two main results are more pronounced in large firms than in small and medium-sized ones. As for Chaebol firms, however, these results do not appear.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.455-467
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• 2015

Objective: The present study suggested practical measures for successful patent registration based on a review of success and failure cases of patent application filed based on inventions obtained from physical ergonomics research. Background: The protection of intellectual property (IP) contributes to economic growth and competitiveness and facilitates innovation and creativity. IP rights are pursued on research findings for effective technology transfer and commercialization; however, a patent application can be rejected if patentability requirements such as patent eligible subject matter, utility for industrial application, novelty, or non-obviousness are not satisfied. Method: Three successful and three failed cases of patent applications based on physical ergonomics research were reviewed, critical reasons for their successes and failures were examined, and measures were proposed to avoid failures in patent registration. Results: The following measures were identified based on the patent application case review. First, abstract ideas including logical procedures and/or mathematical formulas need to include use of tangible apparatus and methods in idea realization. Second, the provision of grace period inventor disclosure exception needs to be properly followed in case an invention is disclosed before filing of patent application. Lastly, a comprehensive analysis of prior art published or publicly known anywhere in the world and a claim preparation of distinguished, non-trivial features compared to prior art solutions are needed to avoid possible violation of novelty and non-obviousness. Application: The proposed measures can help to prepare a patent application with patent eligibility.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.29 no.2 s.43
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• pp.131-147
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• 2003

In the 21st century, the development of cosmetics is led to pursue the high functionality of cosmetics with excellent effectiveness and safety. As Cosmetic Act took effect in 2000, functional cosmetics is provided in the law. As a result, the research and development of functional cosmetics has continually increased, and the number of patent applications in functional cosmetics has also rapidly increased as a plan for preoccupying in the functional cosmetics age. Now, the cosmetic industry has a great interest in developing anti-wrinkle cosmetics among functional cosmetics, because women's desire for having young resilient skin has increased since Korea entered an aging society thanks to the advanced medical technology. The patent application trends of anti-wrinkle cosmetics at home since 2000 particularly show the rapid increase in the applications in natural plant extracts. It may be because Korean consumers preference of vegetable cosmetics has resulted in the development of raw materials based on the traditional medicine. As for the existing preparation such as Retinoid or Ascorbic acid, the patent application itself will be an essential technical element in the future because patent applications are filed in the field of a preparation of cosmetics for stabilizing ingredients, reducing skin irritability or promoting absorbance, and in the field of cosmetic formulation technology. As there are many studies on the causes of skin wrinkles, it is expected that new raw materials of cosmetics can be developed due to new mechanisms, and that the number of patent applications in new technologies will increase due to a change in the thought of cosmetics accompanied by the integration of cosmetics with biotechnology using Genetic Engineering, including the practical application of the medicine previously used far treating skin diseases to an anti-wrinkle agent and the mass production of active ingredients of cosmetics.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

Design patent is a type of industrial design right that is granted on the ornamental design of a functional item. We analyzed domestic design patents that were applied from 1965 until 2008, to the field of functional clothing. Since the year 2000 the number of design patents of functional clothing progressively increased. Design patents applied to the functional clothing field includes sport wear (47%), working clothes (34%), and leisure wear (19%). Design development of the sports wear from the latter half of 1990's has shown a continuously increasing tendency. The most patent applications belonged to the companies(51.4%), followed by individual applicants (46.6%), and the universities or laboratories had the least number of applications (2.0%). In case of working clothes or the leisure wear, the number of design applications focusing on the functional characteristic is higher than that of aesthetic characteristic, however, the number of design applications focusing on the aesthetic characteristic is higher in sportswear.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.43-66
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• 2022

With the development of artificial intelligence technology, competition for artificial intelligence technology patents around the world is intensifying. During the period 2000 ~ 2021, artificial intelligence technology patent applications at the US Patent and Trademark Office have been steadily increasing, and the growth rate has been steeper since the 2010s. As a result of analyzing Korea's artificial intelligence technology competitiveness through patent indices, it is evaluated that patent activity, impact, and marketability are superior in areas such as auditory intelligence and visual intelligence. However, compared to other countries, overall Korea's artificial intelligence technology patents are good in terms of activity and marketability, but somewhat inferior in technological impact. While noise canceling and voice recognition have recently decreased as topics for artificial intelligence, growth is expected in areas such as model learning optimization, smart sensors, and autonomous driving. In the case of Korea, efforts are required as there is a slight lack of patent applications in areas such as fraud detection/security and medical vision learning.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2014

This study analyzes patent trends regarding farming-related technologies such as breeding or nursery technology, production systems, and new cultivation methods in order to provide objective patent information about the trends of R&D on marine products' proliferation or farming. Presently, in Korea, we try to secure marine living resources through the formation of artificial resources instead of environmental improvement policy or resource management policy. However, this is not about eliminating the causes of marine environment destruction but just the policy for improvement, so it is needed to revise the related policy with more ultimate measures. And it is necessary to develop technology that can secure the rights by integrating patent application strategies from the stage of R&D for medicine that can be utilized in chief farming countries and provide intensive support for the research centering around strategic varieties for farming in each region as well as strategic national farming varieties afterwards. Also, the analysis shows that it is urgent to make applications overseas based on domestic applications in order to develop technology that can be commercialized in not just Korean but overseas market as well.