• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.599-608
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• 2002

Finite element analysis for the stress intensity factor (SIF) at the skin/stiffener structure with inclined central crack repaired by composite stiffened panels is developed. A numerical investigation was conducted to characterize the fracture behavior and crack growth behavior at the inclined crack. In order to investigate the crack growth direction, maximum tangential stress (MTS) criterion are used. Also, this paper is to study the performance of the effective bonded composite patch repair of a plate containing an inclined central through-crack. The main objective of this research is the validation of the inclined crack patching design. In this paper, the reduction of stress intensity factors at the crack-tip and prediction of crack growth direction are determined to evaluate the effects of various non-dimensional design parameter including; composite patch thickness and stiffener distance. We report the results of finite element analysis on the stiffener locations and crack slant angles and discuss them in this paper. The research on cracked structure subjected to mixed mode loading is accomplished and concludes that more work using a different approaches is necessary. The authors hope the present study will aid those who are responsible for the repair of damaged aircraft structures and also provide general repair guidelines.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.66 no.7
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• pp.109-123
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine the expression techniques and methods of Upcycling fashion brands and designers who have focused on Upcycling, and have found success. The study used collected literatures, press releases, and Internet searches using the word, 'Upcycling' in order to investigate the design characteristics and to set up criteria to classify the material expression techniques found in Upcycling fashion design. The results are as follows: Firstly, according to the result of analyzing the product images of Upcycling fashion design, the most frequently used expression methods are deconstruction and reorganization, $d{\acute{e}}paysement$, and assemblage/collage. Deconstruction and reorganization is used to make most of the Upcycling fashion design products using recycled materials. It is one of the ways to create new value that transcends the value of the previous item. Secondly, Upcycling fashion design's expression techniques generally attempt to use recycling material diversely to complement the recycling material that is limited in some way to the purpose of clothing. In this process, we can find expression techniques used to bring out) the characteristics of Upcycling fashion design. Patching, adding, cutting, folding, or weaving is the technique mainly employed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.1030-1040
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• 1998

One of the main unresolved issues in large-eddy simulation(LES) of wall-bounded turbulent flows is the requirement of high spatial resolution in the near-wall region, especially in the spanwise direction. Such high resolution required in the near-wall region is generally used throughout the computational domain, making simulations of high Reynolds number, complex-geometry flows prohibitive. A grid-embedding strategy using a nonconforming spectral domain-decomposition method is proposed to address this limitation. This method provides an efficient way of clustering grid points in the near-wall region with spectral accuracy. LES of transitional and turbulent channel flow has been performed to evaluate the proposed grid-embedding technique. The computational domain is divided into three subdomains to resolve the near-wall regions in the spanwise direction. Spectral patching collocation methods are used for the grid-embedding and appropriate conditions are suggested for the interface matching. Results of LES using the grid-embedding strategy are promising compared to LES of global spectral method and direct numerical simulation. Overall, the results show that the spectral domain-decomposition grid-embedding technique provides an efficient method for resolving the near-wall region in LES of complex flows of engineering interest, allowing significant savings in the computational CPU and memory.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.7
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• pp.54-66
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• 2012

This research analyzes the late Joseon's variously developed characteristics of women's underwear and its formative elements, and ultimately aims to apply such characteristics to designing modern outfits. The main purpose of the presented work is to give guidelines on utilizing the fashion legacy in a various way, and inheriting the traditional concept of beauty by developing it into modern fashion designs. The designing and producing of the work is based on the analysis of previous researches, genre paintings, and traditional costumes in museums. Based on this research, the application of traditional underwear design to today's outfits involves the following points. First, the presented work features the formative outlines of traditional underwear as an inspiration for outer garments. Secondly, various traditional textiles are used such as ramie fabrics, damask silk, silk fabrics, fur, etc. for four seasons and they are turned to practical use for modern outfits. Third, colors of choice are white and low saturation colors to create an elegant and serene atmosphere. Finally, traditional sewing techniques are specifically applied to modern fashion designs. Included are: Nubim technique, Gob-sol technique, and the patching method. This work pursues the design of practical use by tying up clothes with straps and knots to prevent them from falling off.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.2595-2606
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• 1995

Buoyancy-assisted melting of an unconstrained ice in an isothermally heated horizontal enclosure was numerically analyzed in a range of wall temperatures encompassing the density inversion point. The problem as posed here involves two physically distinct domains each of which has its own scales and respective heat transfer mode. These two domains join at the junction where the liquid squeezed out of the film region flushes into the lower melt pool. Both of these domains have been treated separately in the literature by a patching technique which invokes several, otherwise unnecessary, assumptions. The present study eliminates successfully such a superfluous procedure by treating the film and lower melt pool regions as a single domain. As a result of this efficient solution procedure, the interaction of the water stream ejected at the junction and the natural convection in the melt pool could be clarified for different wall temperatures. Though limited by two-dimensionality, the present results conformed indirectly the earlier reported transition of the flow pattern, as the wall temperature was increased over the density inversion point. The transient evolution of the melting surface, the time rate of change in melt volume fraction, the local and temporal variation of the heat transfer coefficients are analyzed and presented.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.4 s.107
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• pp.573-582
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• 2006

Black-box testing needs to prepare fitting test data, execute software, and examine the result. If we test software effectively, not only selecting test cases but also representing test cases are important. In static testing effectiveness of testing activities also depends on how to represent test cases and checklist to validate. This paper suggests a method for finding ineffective critical test cases and reengineering them. An experiment of reengineering digital set-top box software shows the process and results of checking effectiveness and conformance of current test cases and patching test cases. The result shows how much save the test time and improve test coverage by reengineering test cases. Methods of reuse and restructuring test cases are also studied to fit into embedded product-line software.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.8B no.3
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• pp.261-268
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• 2001

연속형 미디어는 대용량이고 실시간으로 전송되어야 하므로 전송에 요구되는 네트워크 자원에 부하를 준다. 일반적으로 프락시는 자주 참조되는 객체를 캐슁하여 서버로의 네트워크 전송 대역폭을 줄이기 위한 기법으로 사용되고 있으나 기존의 연구들이 이미지나 텍스트 등의 비 실 시간성 객체 지향적으로 설계되어 실 시간성 객체의 서비스에는 적합하지 않다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 패칭기법[10]을 사용한 프락시 관리 기법을 사용하여 연속형 스트림 서비스를 하는 스트림 서비스 기법을 제안한다. 제안한 기법에서는 프락시에 캐슁된 데이터의 양에 따라 스트림 전송 방식을 달리한다. 첫째, 요청된 객체 전체가 캐슁되어 있을 경우 프락시 만으로 서비스한다. 둘째, 요청된 객체가 전혀 캐슁되어 있지 않을 경우 후행 스트림들이 서버로부터 객체를 전송할 때 발생하는 초기 지연을 상쇄할 만큼의 데이터를 선반입한다. 셋째, 일부분만이 캐슁된 경우에는 해당 객체를 요청하는 스트림 사이에 존재하는 양만큼의 데이터를 프락시에 패칭하며 이 경우에는 사용자 노드는 두 개의 채널을 열어 하나는 프락시에 패칭된 데이터를 읽는데 사용하며 또 하나의 채널로는 서버로부터 나머지 부분을 읽어오는데 사용한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.217-220
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• 2005

VoD 시스템의 병목현상의 주요원인은 저장장치 또는 네트워크 입출력으로 인한 대역폭 요구량과 디지털 비디오의 장시간 서비스로 인한 높은 대역폭 요구량 때문이다. 패칭은 멀티캐스트 사용하여 VoD 시스템의 병목 현상을 극복한 가장 효과적인 기술 중 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 클라이언트를 이용한 프리픽스 패칭 사용과 함께 서버로부터 정규 멀티캐스트 스트림을 사용하여 기존의 패칭 기법을 개선하기 위한 P2Prefix 패칭 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법에서 각 클라이언트는 동일한 비디오 스트림을 요청하는 다른 클라이언트에게 프리픽스 스트림을 제공하기 위한 패칭 서버로서의 역할을 한다. 그 결과, 서버 대역폭 요구량은 서버로부터 패칭 채널을 제거하는 것으로 줄일 수 있다. 성능 평가에서 본 논문에서 제안한 패칭 기법이 기존의 패칭 기법과 비교해 볼 때 서버 대역폭 요구를 줄일 수 있음을 보인다.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.292-297
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• 2001

Composite patch repair of cracked aircraft structures has been accepted as one of improving fatigue life and attaining better structural integrity. Analysis for the stress intensity factor at the skin/stiffener structure with inclined central crack repaired by composite stiffened panels are developed. A numerical investigation was conducted to characterize the fracture behavior and crack growth behavior. In order to investigate the crack growth direction, maximum tangential stress(MTS) criteria is used. The main objective of this research is the validation of the inclined crack patching design. In this paper, the reduction of stress intensity factors at the crack-tip and prediction of crack growth direction are determined to evaluate the effects of various non-dimensional design parameter including; composite patch thickness and stiffener distance. The research on cracked structure subjected to mixed mode loading is accomplished and it is evident that more work using different approaches is necessary.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 1994

Eighteen infants with a large ventricular septal defect[VSD] underwent primary surgical repair from January 1986 to December 1992. Operation was done because of failure to thrive, medically intractable heart failure, recurrent pneumonia, increased pulmonary vascular resistance[PVR]. Four patients[22.2%] died in the early postoperative period. Relief of heart failure and normalization of growth and weight gain was evident in all survivor. There was no late postoperative death. The results of primary surgical repair of VSD in infancy are compared with those of palliative pulmonary artery banding[PAB] and of VSD closure after PAB. Twenty-seven patients with isolated VSD or with VSD associated with atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, or coarctation of the aorta underwent initial palliative PAB. There were 3 early postoperative deaths[11.1%]. Severe elevation of PVR persisted in two patients. Closure of VSD and pulmonary artery debanding was done in twenty patients, with 2 early postoperative deaths[10.0%]. Placement of the PAB too close to the pulmonary annulus necessitated trasannular patching in one patient, but any problem caused by migration of the band was not developed. It is concluded that primary surgical repair of VSD in infancy is reasonable and that PAB is indicated only for those patients less than 6 months old with a complicated defect or in an emergency situation.