• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.39-57
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• 2023

Purpose - This paper is to examine the work of a third party in the process of import and export management. In other words, the purpose of this paper is investigate the status and functional role of a third party in relation to each terms of the trade contract. Research design, data, methodology - This study consists of 5 chapters through literature survey. It will examine the involvement of the third party through each terms. Chapter 1 introduction, Chapter 2 deals with trade contracts, Chapter 3 investigates the shipping terms, payment terms, and insurance terms, and Chapter 4 reviews with commercial arbitration. And in Chapter 5, it looks at the conclusion and implications. Results - The relevant party in the import and export management process may be a third party through outsourcing, not the principal. At this time, in fulfilling each condition of trade, it can be seen that the implementation of tasks through the participation of a third party with high expertise can more smoothly and productively implement the overall import and export management. Therefore, it can be seen that the implementation of the trade business in which the third party participated can be interpreted in terms of derivative effects and at the same time can be a way to improve the principal's competitiveness procedurally. Conclusions -Through this study, in the import and export management, the performance of the work through the agent makes the entire process more smooth and efficient. Outsourcing of roles using the expertise of a third party, a subcontractor rather than a principal, is desirable and important.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2007년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.503-516
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• 2007

USA has distinct differences of economic policy by a ruling party. And, USA economy has mainly influenced on it of Korea. So, we examine whether a ruling party of Korea has different regime including rate of return in stock market. The Republican Party and Democratic Party have based on Milton Friedman and Keynes economy at each other's economic policy in the USA The Republican Party and Democratic Party have different interest level and excess return on equity, GDP growth rate, unemployment rate. Also, a ruling party of Korea has different regime and economic activity in this paper.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.5135-5149
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• 2015

Communications among multi-party must be fast, cost effective and secure. Today's computing environments such as internet conference, multi-user games and many more applications involve multi-party. All participants together establish a common session key to enable multi-party and secure exchange of messages. Multi-party password-based authenticated key exchange scheme allows users to communicate securely over an insecure network by using easy-to-remember password. Kwon et al. proposed a practical three-party password-based authenticated key exchange (3-PAKE) scheme to allow two users to establish a session key through a server without pre-sharing a password between users. However, Kwon et al.'s scheme cannot meet the security requirements of key authentication, key confirmation and anonymity. In this paper, we present a novel, simple and efficient multi-party password-based authenticated key exchange (M-PAKE) scheme based on the elliptic curve cryptography for mobile environment. Our proposed scheme only requires two round-messages. Furthermore, the proposed scheme not only satisfies security requirements for PAKE scheme but also achieves efficient computation and communication.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.148-156
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• 2016

현대 국가는 정당 국가이다. 따라서 사회의 주된 영향 요소 중 하나가 정당이라 할 수 있다. 이와 같이 정당 간 차이에 따라서 어떠한 정책적 차이가 존재하는지, 그리고 지지 정당에 따라서 시민들의 인식이 어떻게 다른가에 대해서 다양한 연구들이 존재한다. 하지만 정부의 주요 정책 유형 중 하나인 규제와 관련해서는 정당 간 차이가 논의된 바 없다. 일반적으로 규제에 대한 연구에서는 정치적 견해에 따른 규제 차이에 대한 연구가 많이 이루어지지 않고 있다. 하지만 규제도 정부의 행위로서 정치적 인식에 따라 규제를 받아 들이는 인식 차이가 존재할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 시민들의 규제에 대한 인식에서 지지 정당 간차이가 존재하는지 여부를 살펴보고자 한다. 조사 결과 규제의 필요성, 규제의 긍정성, 규제의 사회적 효과, 규제의 국민에 대한 기여도 등과 관련해서 여당 지지자가 야당 지지자보다 더 긍정적으로 보고 있었다. 또한 규제에 대한 신뢰도, 규제의 전문성, 규제의 효율성, 규제의 공정성, 규제의 문제 해결 가능성 등과 관련해서는 여당 지지자는 긍정적으로 보고 있는 데반해, 야당 지지자는 부정적으로 인식하고 있다. 즉 정부 규제는 정치, 정당과 긴밀한 연관이 있는 사항으로서 정치 및 정당과 상호 연관되어 논의될 필요성이 있다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.165-175
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• 2011

사회구조가 정보통신기술의 발달과 이에 따른 스마트 기기의 등장에 따른 사회구조의 급속한 스마트화에 따라 정치구조 역시 이러한 스마트화 현상에서 예외가 될 수 없다. 사회구조의 스마트화에 따라 시민정신 역시 스마트하게 변화하고 스마트 시민으로 전환되는 과정을 겪고 있다 이러한 스마트시민들의 욕구를 충족시키고 스마트시민들의 자발적인 정치참여를 보장하기 위해서는 스마트시민정당과 스마트시민정치가 필연적으로 요구된다. 이를 달성하기 위해서는 기존의 지역구 당사구조를 스마트정치센타화 할 필요가 있으며 또한 기존의 온라인 웹상에서 구현되는 여러 가지 수단들을 스마트화 되어가는 구조에 부응할 수 있도록 역동적이고 능동적으로 변화시켜야 한다. 이러한 변화에 부응하지 못하는 정당은 점차 스마트사회 구조속에서 도태될 가능성이 높으며 또한 스마트시민에 의한 스마트시민정당이 나타날 가능성도 배제할 수 없다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권8호
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• pp.103-115
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• 2021

This study investigates the relationship between family ownership and the stock price crash risk. It believes that this relationship would never be in direct connection. The authors design and then find that family ownership is predisposed, in the first place, to the related party transaction, then the related party transaction causes the future stock price crash. This study infers that employing the power of family ownership creates the Type I agency problem, although this is not relevant for the Type II problem. From the perspective of the hoarding theory, family ownerships produce opaque accounts by blurring financial information. The blurred information is probably hidden in the related party transactions. This study, therefore, splits these transactions into accounts receivable, other accounts receivable and other receivables. Finally, this research concludes that the family ownership affects related party transactions. These then are used as an instrument to influence the leaded related party transaction. The latest, leaded related party transactions influence the future stock price crash. This study infers that related party transactions are abusive practices, especially on the types of receivables. It implies corporate governance's revitalisation.

• 의정연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.69-106
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• 2021

본고는 대통령제와 정당기율이 강한 정당들로 구성된 양당제의 결합이란 제도적 요인에 초점을 맞춰, 민주화 이후 한국에서 여야 간 극심한 정치적 갈등 및 대립이 지속될 수밖에 없었던 원인을 설명하고자 한다. 그리고 대통령제와 정당기율이 약한 양당제가 결합된 경우로 미국을, 대통령제와 정당기율이 강한 다당제가 결합된 경우로 칠레를 각각 들고 어떻게 양 사례에서 협치가능성이 제고될 수 있었는지 분석할 것이다. 나아가, 이 비교 분석을 통해, 한국의 경우 역시 협치가능성 제고를 위해선 정당체계 변화를 수반하게 될 일련의 정치개혁들, 즉 개별 의원들의 자율성을 강화시켜줄 당조직상의 분권화 혹은 민주화나, 다당제를 추동해낼 결선투표제의 도입 혹은 비례대표제의 확대 등이 요구됨을 그 실천적 함의로 제안하려 한다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2015

Purpose - This study aims to disclose the problems of both the government and the logistics industry regarding fourth-party logistics, and to provide various solutions at the level of enterprises as well as the government for the introduction of fourth-party logistics in China. Research design, data, and methodology - This study aims to reveal how a shipping company recognizes the creation of partnerships with fourth-party logistics providers, and it reveals several related implications. Results - Fourth-party logistics organizations can be used to achieve maximum business performance as professional logistics companies by incorporating the benefits of outsourcing and insourcing. Outsourcing logistics services through focusing on core competencies and improving customer service can have financial effects and advantages such as the simplification of labor issues. Conclusions - This study did not investigate Korean enterprises through an empirical analysis and provided fourth-party logistics concepts and promotional plans according to domestic and foreign literature. Further studies shall investigate not only the Korean fourth-party logistics model but also the training of logistics professionals to generate profits for both shippers as well as logistics enterprises.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.89-105
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• 2019

This paper reviews and analyzes the U.S. cases and statutes on the issue of party autonomy in arbitration agreement. Arbitration agreement has been interpreted somewhat differently from general contracts because its legal characteristics are not purely contractual by nature. For example, some legal scholars insist that an arbitration contract is more about an agreement on a process of dispute resolution than a creation of rights and obligations to avoid litigation. Party autonomy was discussed in diverse legal perspectives including contract of adhesion, VKI principle, and separability of arbitration clause. These three legal perspectives are discussed to set the legal relationship between party autonomy and protection of consumers in consumer arbitration. In addition, it was discussed how legal defects in the formation of an arbitration contract can influence the party autonomy. The legal defects that were discussed to analyze the relationship between arbitration agreement and party autonomy included misrepresentation, fraud, mistake, duress, and undue influence.

• 미국학
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.81-112
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• 2021

As polarization intensified in the United States, the voting support of the presidential party lawmakers has become the most important source of power for the president. The presidential party has been believed to legalize the president's agenda in a unified government and prevent legislation opposed by the president from being passed by the Congress within a divided government. However, even under party polarization, all the lawmakers and factions of the presidential party have not voted in accordance with the president's policy preferences. Statistical analysis shows that lawmakers who corresponded to the ideology median of the presidential party most strongly supported the president's agendas during the unified government. However, lawmakers with extreme ideologies voted more actively for the president than those with median ones during the divided government. Furthermore, this trend has been amplified regarding ideological factions.