• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2004

With the proliferation of multimedia data, there is an increasing need to support the indexing and retrieval of high-dimensional image data. Although there have been many efforts, the performance of existing multidimensional indexing methods is not satisfactory in high dimensions. Thus the dimensionality reduction and the approximate solution methods were tried to deal with the so-called dimensionality curse. But these methods are inevitably accompanied by the loss of precision of query results. Therefore, recently, the vector approximation-based methods such as the VA- file and the LPC-file were developed to preserve the precision of query results. However, the performance of the vector approximation-based methods depend largely on the size of the approximation file and they lose the advantages of the multidimensional indexing methods that prune much search space. In this paper, we propose a new index structure called the GC-tree for efficient similarity search in image databases. The GC-tree is based on a special subspace partitioning strategy which is optimized for clustered high-dimensional images. It adaptively partitions the data space based on a density function and dynamically constructs an index structure. The resultant index structure adapts well to the strongly clustered distribution of high-dimensional images.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.29-39
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• 2015

When new inertial navigation systems for an unmanned aerial vehicles are being developed and tested, construction of a fault-tolerant system is required because of various types of hazards caused by S/W and H/W faults. In this paper, a new fault-tolerant flight system that can be deployed into one or more FCCs (Flight Control Computers) is introduced, based on a partition scheme wherein each OFP (Operational Flight Program) partition uses an independent CPU and memory slot. The new fault-tolerant navigation system utilizes one or two FCCs, and executes a primary navigation OFP under development and a stable shadow OFP partition on each node. The fault-tolerant navigation system based on a single FCC can be used for UAVs with small payloads. For larger UAVs, an additional FCC with two OFP partitions can be used to provide both H/W and S/W fault-tolerance. The developed fault-tolerant navigation system significantly removes various hazards in testing new navigation S/Ws for UAVs.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 1995

The importance of church school education is becoming more emphasized. To maximize the effectiveness and efficiency of church school education, frequent utilization of instructional media is more desirable. Systematic approach to media utilization will be developed by the extabilishment of church media center. The purpose of this study was to review the concept and components of church media center and to survey the current status and hope for the facility of church media center. For the survey the 400 questionnaries were distributed to pastors or missionaries who are responssible for education, or personnels in church media center in Korea. The churches that they belong to have above approximately 500 church members. Among the distributed questionnaires, the 202 were collected. The results of the survey are as follows. The printed media and the AV media were managed separately in most churches. Many church media center was shared the space with other programs. The space was allocated mainly for storage. Most respondants hoped that they have a variety of areas in their churches. Many church media center have no separation between the area for the adults and that for children. However, most respondants hoped the separation of that areas. Followings are suggestions for the plan of church media center facilities. The space only for the church media center should be allocated. Church media center should be located in the first floor of the building as soon as possible. (If there is elevators in the building, it may be located above first floor). If enough space for the church media center is allocated, the areas for the adults and children should be separated by partitions or separate room. The space should consist of various areas like circulation area, reading area, working area for the personnel, production area, and storing area.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.2
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• pp.23-59
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• 1975

Indexes has not devcloped as an independent branch in library science from the beginning, but it has gradually evolved in a clo~eas sociation with catalog and under the direct influence of the development of publishing pro cesses and of the rapid social changes. Historically, index in the West can be traced back to eariler concordance. On the other hand, index in the Bast does not show a continuous development. It started with book catnlog, but other types of indexing were later 'adopted from the West. Indexing in the West and in the East can be summarized as follows: 1) In the West, Taylor considers Gesner's Pandectae was the first index but the Concordance of the Bible in 1247 was the first true index. Indexing method was first established later in 1545 in Gesner's Partitiones which appeared in three volumes. Classified index appeared after Partitions, but alphabetically ordered index was not developed until th eseventeenth century. The pxiodical index of La France S~auante in 1683 proved -its value, and Poole's An Alphabetical Index in the nineteenth century became the turning point in the development of indexing. After Poole's Index appeared periodical index and book catalog gradually began to be treated separately, and subject index and cross reference were incorporated into indexing. Also dictionary arrangement of the indexed items was adopted in the second half of the nincteenth, century after Charles A. Cutter developed his theory of rules for dictionary catalog and systematic studies of indexing were carried out by many scholars. In the twentieth century, index was mainly developed in the United States of America, especially by Wilson publishing Company. The general trend is to move away from the gcncral index to subject index. Also the ncwspapcr indcx such as The Times I~zdcx is 21 landmark in the history cf indcxing. 2) In China, thcs arc somc cvidcnccs that $Bizgluh(&), $ was the first indcx, but unforlunatcly the book itsclf has not been found as yet.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.65-77
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• 2000

We propose a new formulation by quadratic boolean programming to partition circuits for FPGA based reconfigurable circuit boards, in which the routing topology among IC chips are predetermined. The formulation is to minimize the sum of the wire length by considering the nets passing through IC chips for the interconnections between chips which are not adjacent, in addition to the constraints considered by the previous partition methods. We also describe a heuristic method, which consist of module assignment method to efficiently solve the problem. Experimental results show that our method generates the partitions in which the given constraints are all satisfied for all the benchmark circuits tested. The pin utilization are reduced for the most of the circuits and the total wire length of the routed nets are improved up to 34.7% compared to the previous method.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.59-68
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• 1997

The necessity of a high-rise building in big cities gave a new problem to structural engineers. The shortening effect of vertical members needs special considerstion in the desigh and construction of high-rise buildings. The shortening of each column transfers load to nonstructural members such as partitions, cladding, and M/E systems which are not designed to carry gravity loads. Also, the slabs and beams will tilt due to the cumulative differential shortening of adjacent vertical members. The main purpose of estimating the total shortening of vertical structural members is to compensate the differential shortening between adjacent members. This paper presents the structural effect of differential shortening between in main structural members. Lateral earthquake load is applied to the 52 story concrete structure which has an initial vertical displacement due to the gravity load. Shortening amount for each vertical member was estimated using the computerized column shortening software. Comparison of stresses between the shortening corrected structure and the uncorrecated structure due to earthquake load was discussed.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2005

Ginseng is a popular medicinal plant highly valued throughout the world. Asian ginseng is one of the most common species of ginseng. It has long occupied a significant position in oriental medicine and has been justified its name as the 'king herb'. As a nutritional supplement, ginseng is an extremely common and popular herbal medicine in the United States and Canada in recent decades. The multiple constituents of ginseng possess equally multifaceted pharmacological actions as demonstrated by numerous studies. Ginseng root and its constituents influenced the central nervous system, endocrine, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal system, sexual, renal organ and immune system, etc. One important action is its anti-hyperglycemic effect. Previous studies on ginseng demonstrate that only the root of ginseng has been used in the treatment of diabetes, while the other parts of ginseng plant were always neglected. Recently, we analyzed the constituents of ginseng berry, leaf and discovered that ginseng berry, leaf extracts and its total ginsenosides have the ability to reduce hyperglycemia and body weight and increase the peripheral glucose utilization in obese or diabetic ob/ob or db/db mice. Our data suggest that all parts of ginseng plant, including root, berry, leaf and stem exhibit potent anti-hyperglycemic and anti-obese effects and may provide an opportunity to develop a novel class of anti-diabetic agents.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1022-1031
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• 2002

This paper presents efficient models for bridge structures using CART-ANFIS (classification and regression tree-adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system). A fuzzy decision tree partitions the input space of a data set into mutually exclusive regions, each region is assigned a label, a value, or an action to characterize its data points. Fuzzy decision trees used for classification problems are often called fuzzy classification trees, and each terminal node contains a label that indicates the predicted class of a given feature vector. In the same vein, decision trees used for regression problems are often called fuzzy regression trees, and the terminal node labels may be constants or equations that specify the predicted output value of a given input vector. Note that CART can select relevant inputs and do tree partitioning of the input space, while ANFIS refines the regression and makes it continuous and smooth everywhere. Thus it can be seen that CART and ANFIS are complementary and their combination constitutes a solid approach to fuzzy modeling.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.155-162
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• 2015

This paper proposes a deterministic optimization algorithm to solve economic load dispatch problem with quadratic convex fuel cost function. The proposed algorithm primarily partitions a generator with prohibited zones into multiple generators so as to place them afield the prohibited zone. It then sets initial values to $P_i{\leftarrow}P_i^{max}$ and reduces power generation costs of those incurring the maximum unit power cost. It finally employs a swap optimization process of $P_i{\leftarrow}P_i-{\beta}$, $P_j{\leftarrow}P_j+{\beta}$ where $_{max}\{F(P_i)-F(P_i-{\beta})\}$ > $_{min}\{F(P_j+{\beta})-F(P_j)\}$, $i{\neq}j$, ${\beta}=1.0,0.1,0.01,0.001$. When applied to 3 different 15-generator cases, the proposed algorithm has consistently yielded optimized results compared to those of heuristic algorithms.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.2327-2340
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• 2000

Existing bulk loading algorithms for multi-dimensional index structures suffer from satisfying both index construction time and retrieval perfonnancc. In this paper, we propose an efficient bulk loading algorithm to construct high dimensional index structures for large data set that overcomes the problem. Although several bulk loading algorithms have been proposed for this purpose, none of them improve both constnlCtion time and search performance. To improve the construction time, we don't sort whole data set and use bisectiou algorithm that divides the whole data set or a subset into two partitions according to the specific pivot value. Also, we improve the search performance by selecting split positions according to the distribution properties of the data set. We show that the proposed algorithm is superior to existing algorithms in terms of construction time and search perfomlance through various experiments.