• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.2255-2263
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• 1994

Protocol conformance testing consists of procedures to observe an output and to check a transition state of the Implementation Under Test considered as a black box by applying an input. There are several methods to check the transition state such as Unique Input/Output(UIO) sequence. Distinguishing Sequence(DS) and Characterization Set(CS). Particularly, as a test method for a state having no UIO sequence, Partial UIO sequence method can be considered. In this paper, three properties which can be found among Partial UIO sequence and a modified algorithm using these properties are suggested.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.699-713
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• 2018

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has been the overwhelmingly prevalent choice for high-data-rate systems due to its superior advantages compared with other modulation techniques. In contrast, a high peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) is considered the fundamental obstacle in OFDM systems since it drives the system to suffer from in-band distortion and out-of-band radiation. The partial transmit sequence (PTS) technique is viewed as one of several strategies that have been suggested to diminish the high PAPR trend. The PTS relies upon dividing an input data sequence into a number of subblocks. Hence, three common types of the subblock segmentation methods have been adopted - interleaving (IL-PTS), adjacent (Ad-PTS), and pseudorandom (PR-PTS). In this study, a new type of subblock division scheme is proposed to improve the PAPR reduction capacity with a low computational complexity. The results indicate that the proposed scheme can enhance the PAPR reduction performance better than the IL-PTS and Ad-PTS schemes. Additionally, the computational complexity of the proposed scheme is lower than that of the PR-PTS and Ad-PTS schemes.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.36-40
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• 2001

In order to study the molecular mechanism of $\gamma$-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production in plants, we cloned and sequenced a partial glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) cDNA from the Arabidopsis thaliana cDNA library, using primers targeted at highly conserved sequences of the petunia GAD gene. The cDNA fragment was inserted into TA cloning vector with T7 promoter and the recombinant plasmid obtained was used to transform E. coli. The plasmid DNA purified from the transformed E. coli was digested with EcoRI and the presence of the insert was confirmed. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that the fragment is a partial Arabidopsis thaliana GAD gene and that the sequence showed 98% and 78% identity to the region of the putative Arabidopsis thaliana GAD sequences deposited in GenBank, Accession nos: U46665 and U10034, respectively. The amino acid sequence deduced from the partial Arabidopsis thaliana GAD gene showed 99% and 91% identities to the GAD sequences deduced from the genes of the U46665 and U10034, respectively. The partial cDNA sequence determined may facilitate the study of the molecular mechanism of GABA metabolism in plants.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.1-16
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• 2007

In order to generalize theory of series in Iksan(翼算), we introduce a concept of double sequence of partial sums and elementary double sequence of partial sums, which play a dominant role in the study of double sequences of partial sums. We introduce a concept of finitely generated double sequence of partial sums and find a necessary and sufficient condition for those double sequences. Finally we prove a multiplication theorem for tetrahedral numbers and for 4 dimensional tetrahedral numbers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10c
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• pp.319-321
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• 2001

ADSL에서 사용되고 있는 DMT(Discrete Multitone)는 Multicarrier Modulation 기법으로 선로의 특성을 고려하여 고속의 bit-rate를 얻을 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 Multicarrier 신호의 문제점은 바로 높은 PAR(Peak-to-Average Ratio)로, 이 값을 줄이기 위해 여러 가지 기법이 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재 PAR을 줄이기 위해 사용되고 있는 여러 기법에 대해서 설명하고, 그 기법들 중에서 PTS(Partial Transmit Sequence)를 개선한 새로운 알고리즘을 제시하여 성능평가를 통해 낮은 복잡도의 계산으로 PTS와 유사한 성능을 보임을 살펴본다.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.1023-1034
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• 2004

In this paper we establish limsup and liminf theorems for the increments of partial sum processes of a dependent stationary Gaussian sequence.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.703-722
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• 2013

In this paper a study about concrete arch bridges built by lattice cantilevers is presented. Lattice cantilevers are partial structures composed of deck, arch, piers and provisional steel diagonals, organized as reticular cantilever girders, in order to build arch bridges without the use of centrings, supports or temporary towers. Characteristics of this construction methodology with its variants are explained together with their implications in the erection sequence. Partial elastic scheme method is implemented in order to find initial forces of temporary cables and a forward analysis is carried out to follow the actual sequence of construction, by extending a procedure already applied to concrete cable-stayed bridges and to arches built by the classical suspended cantilever method. A numerical application on a case-study of a concrete arch bridge is performed together with a comparison between different methodologies followed for its construction sequence. Differences between erection by lattice cantilevers and cable-stayed cantilevers, are discussed. Results can be useful for designers in conceptual design of concrete arch bridges.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.782-793
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• 2017

This paper considers the use of the Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS) technique to reduce the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing signal in wireless communication systems. Search complexity is very high in the traditional PTS scheme because it involves an extensive random search over all combinations of allowed phase vectors, and it increases exponentially with the number of phase vectors. In this paper, a suboptimal metaheuristic algorithm for phase optimization based on an improved harmony search (IHS) is applied to explore the optimal combination of phase vectors that provides improved performance compared with existing evolutionary algorithms such as the harmony search algorithm and firefly algorithm. IHS enhances the accuracy and convergence rate of the conventional algorithms with very few parameters to adjust. Simulation results show that an improved harmony search-based PTS algorithm can achieve a significant reduction in PAPR using a simple network structure compared with conventional algorithms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.327-330
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• 2004

Because of its effectiveness for the PD(partial discharge) pattern recognition, PSA(Pulse Sequence Analysis) has been considered as a new analytic method instead of conventional PRPDA(Phase Resolved Partial Discharge Analysis). However, PSA has a big problem that can misanalyze patterns in case of data missing resulting from poor sensitivity because it analyses the correlation between sequential pulses, which leads to hesitate to apply it to on-site. Therefore, in this paper, the problems of PSA such as data missing and noise adding cases were investigated. For the purpose, PD data obtained from various defects including noise adding data were used and analysed, The result showed that both cases can cause fatal errors in recognizing PD patterns. In case of the data missing, the error depends on the kinds of defect and the degree of degradation. Also, it could be noticed that the error due to adding noises was larger than that due to some data missing.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.484-489
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• 2005

Because of its effectiveness for the PD(Partial Discharge) pattern recognition, PSA(Pulse Sequence Analysis) has been considered as a new analytic method instead of conventional PRPDA(Phase Resolved Partial Discharge Analysis). However, it is generally thought that PSA has some possibility to misjudge patterns in case of data-missing resulting from poor sensitivity because it analyses the correlation between sequential pulses, which leads to hesitate to apply it to on-site. Therefore, in this paper, the problems of PSA such as data-missing and noise-adding cases were investigated. for the purpose, PD data obtained from various defects including noise-adding data were used and analyzed. As a result, it was shown that both cases could cause fatal errors in recognizing PD patterns. In case of the data missing, the error was dependant on the kinds of defect and the degree of degradation Also, it could be noticed that the error due to adding noises was larger than that due to some data missing.