• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine: (1) relationships among mothers' attachment experience in childhood, mothers' personality characteristics, and parenting stress and parenting behavior; (2) whether mothers' personality characteristics mediate the relationship between mothers' attachment experience in childhood and parenting stress; and (3) whether mothers' personality characteristics mediate the relationship between mothers' attachment experience in childhood and parenting behavior. The subjects were 177 mothers with preschool children, and the data were collected with questionnaires. It was found that there are correlations among mothers' attachment experience in childhood, mothers' personality characteristics, parenting stress, and parenting behaviors(autonomy encouragement, and rejection). It was found that mothers' attachment experience in childhood predicts mothers' parenting stress, but the relationship is mediated by mothers' personality characteristics. It was also found that mothers' attachment experience in childhood predicts mothers' parenting behavior, but the relationship is mediated by mothers' personality characteristics.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.609-617
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• 2014

This study investigates the relationships between the parenting stress of mothers of three-year-old children, and parenting styles of these mothers, and characteristics of parents to analyze relevant variables influencing parenting stress. Data on a total of 1,704 mothers from the 2011 Korean Children Panel Survey of the Child-Care Policy Research Institute were analysed. First, the parenting stress of mothers of three-year-old children was negatively correlated with parenting style, marital conflict, and husband's cooperation, but positively correlated with their marital conflict. Second, the positive parenting style had the greatest effect on the parenting stress of mothers of three-year-old children, followed by marital conflict. These results demonstrate that parents' positive parenting style and harmony education and social support for the parenting stress of mothers of three-year-old children.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.433-456
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• 2009

본 연구는 일반아동과 영재아동을 대상으로 부모의 양육특성(양육태도, 양육스트레스, 배우자양육협조 배우자훈육일치)을 비교 분석하였다. 연구 결과 첫째, 영재아동과 일반아동 집단에서 양육태도, 배우자양육협조, 배우자훈육일치의 차이가 있었는데, 영재아동의 부모가 더욱 긍정적인 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 영재아동과 일반아동 각각의 집단에서 양육태도, 양육스트레스, 배우자양육협조, 배우자훈육일치 간에 유의한 상관이 있었다. 특히 양육스트레스는 배우자양육협조, 배우자훈육일치와 유의한 부적인 상관이 있었다. 셋째, 각 집단에서 양육태도에 미치는 양육특성 변수들의 영향력을 살펴본 결과 영재아동집단에서는 배우자훈육일치가, 일반아동집단에서는 양육스트레스, 배우자훈육일치가 양육태도에 유의한 영향력이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.86-94
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to identify the parenting stress of nurses with infants, toddlers, or preschoolers. Methods: The subjects are the 117 nurses working in hospitals in Gangneung City. The instruments are the questionnaires about general characteristics (14 items), parenting stress (32 items). Results: The parenting stress of nurses scored 2.46. The total parenting stress according to the demographic characteristics, there were no significant differences, but according to the position, baby-sitter, parenting support did show the significant differences. Conclusion: Nurse's parenting stress is slightly high. But it is very important to develop the nursing intervention to relieve the parenting stress by considering the characteristics that showed the significant differences in the parenting stress.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.613-622
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate infants' development, parenting characteristics, and the infants' daily routines by monthly family income, and examine variables related to infants' development. The 2010 data of the panel study on Koreans were used. The sample for this analysis was 1,802 children aged 21-23 months and their parents. The data were analyzed with ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS version 18.0. The results were as follows: First, the development of infants differed by the family income. Infants' communication and problem solving skills in families with an income at the 25th percentile or below was lower than those above the 25th percentile. Second, parenting characteristics differed by family income. In the lower income group, the mother's parenting stress was highest, but the father's parenting time on weekends was lowest. Third, the most frequent activity of infants differed by family income. Playing with friends or caregivers was lowest, but watching TV and videos was highest in the lower income family group. Fourth, there was a relation among infants' development (communication and fine motor skills) and parenting characteristics (mother's parenting style, stress, and father's parenting time on weekends), and the infants' daily routines (playing with friends or caregivers). Fine motor development was affected by playing with a caregiver.

• 아동학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.77-96
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among mother's psychological characteristics(self-esteem, self-efficacy, and depression), parenting related factors(maternal parenting stress and mother's knowledge on infant development), maternal parenting style, and two-year-old infants' development. The participants consisted of 1735 mothers and their two-year old infants selected from a sample of the 3rd Panel Study of Korean Children(PSKC) by the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education(KICCE), conducted in 2010. Data were analyzed by means of a Structural Equation Model(SEM) to identify the structure and relationships among the various factors. The significance of direct and indirect effects to test the mediating effect of maternal parenting style were identified via bootstrapping. The results indicated that maternal parenting style most definitely mediated the relationship among the mother's psychological characteristics(self-esteem and self-efficacy), parenting related factors(maternal parenting stress and mother's knowledge on Infant development) and the development of their two-year-old infants.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2008

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the effects of maternal sociodemographic characteristics, especially education and employment, and parenting stress on the child's self-concept. Attention was also paid to the mediating impact of parenting style on the relationship between the maternal variables and a child's self-concept. Methods : A questionnaire and three scales were completed by fifth graders and their mothers, and 270 sets of paired data were analyzed. Results : The results showed that mothers with higher education experienced less child-related parenting stress, were perceived to be more achievement-oriented and rational by their children, and also had children with more positive self-concept. The relationship between maternal education and child's self-concept was mediated by the rationality dimension of parenting style. Maternal employment was not related to parenting stress, parenting style and most aspects of the child's self-concept. Lastly, child-related parenting stress had a negative effect on the child's self-concept, and this effect was mediated by the warmth and rationality dimensions of parenting style. Conclusion : Parenting style had a mediating effect on the relationships between the child's self-concept and maternal education and child-related parenting stress.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.111-123
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• 2005

This study investigated the effects of child, mother, and family characteristics on parenting self-efficacy of 416 Korean mothers living in Seoul Korea. The results showed that mother's parenting self-efficacy was positively related to mother's perceived social support, child's temperament, and family income, but negatively related to mother' stress. Mother's educational parenting self-efficacy among parenting self-efficacy was positively related to mother's perceived social support, child's temperament, and mother's educational level, but negatively related to mother' stress and family income. Multiple regression indicated that mother characteristics were a strong predicator of mother's parenting self-efficacy. Especially, husband's support among mother characteristics was the strongest predicator of mother's parenting self-efficacy.

• 아동학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.35-57
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• 2015

The present study employed a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design model in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the Respected Parents & Respected Children (RPRC) parent education program for mothers of early school-age children. Ninety mothers were randomly assigned to an intervention (n=45) group or a control group (n=45). Mothers in the intervention group participated in 8 weekly sessions of the parent education program. After the termination of the program, the differences between pretest and posttest were analyzed in terms of both maternal parenting characteristics (i.e., parenting behavior, parenting efficacy, parenting stress, and co-parenting) and children's social competence. The results indicated that only in the intervention group, self-reported positive parenting characteristics were significantly improved and negative parenting characteristics were significantly decreased. There were no significant effects of the program on children's social competence as rated by the mothers. These findings suggest that the RPRC parent education program is effective in changing parenting characteristics known as crucial predictors of child outcomes.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.1-16
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• 1996

This study has examined multiple influences of several variables on parenting behavior by looking into illustrative studies. This study provides support to the view that various factors influence parenting and that parenting behavior is multiply determined. Characteristics of parents, children and the context in which parent-child relations occur cause different childrearing patterns among parents. This study can be summarized as follows: 1) Parental behavior is influenced to a large degree by what the parent brings to the situation. In other words, characteristics of the parent including personality characteristics, interpersonal skills, problem-solving skills, level of maturity, values and childrearing beliefs contribute to individual differences in parenting. 2) The parent's relationship history influences the personality characteristics that the parent brings to his or her adult roles. To understand who the parent is today, we have to look at who the parent was, and what the parent was doing in the years prior to parenthood. That is, we need to see the life course of the individual before parenthood. 3) Contextual variables including the immediate context and the larger context have proved to influence parental behaviors. Characteristics of the immediate context such as the quality of marital rationship can influence the parent's psychological well-being and his or her behavior toward the childen while characteristics of the larger context such as the economic situation and the neighborhood can influence the level of stress experienced by the parent and cosequently how the parent relates to his or her child. 4) In order to understand the development of the parent-child relationship we need to look at the characteristics of the child. Children may elicit positive behaviors from their parents, or they may possess characteristics that the parents find aversive thus leading to difficulties in the relationship. Therefore, much depends on the fit beween the characteristics of the parents and characteristics of the child. By examining multiple contemporaneous influences on parenting, this study could deepen the understanding of why parents have different childrearing patterns, why some parents fail to meet their children's demands and why parents act in certain ways. What we ultimately hope is that as we learn more about parenting and the development of parent-child relationships, we will be better able to provide parents with the supports they need to achieve their parenting goals.