• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.71-87
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate perceptions of the self-efficacy of youth (self-confidence, self-regulatory efficacy, and task difficulty preference) and the subjective quality of life. The participants in this research were 697 university students 314 males and 383 females. All respondents submitted their answers on a self-report questionnaire. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-tests, Pearson's correlations, and multiple regression analyses. The major results of this study were as follows: (a) Young males exhibited higher levels of self-efficacy perception compared to young females. Regarding the subjective quality of life, gender was not a significant factor. (b) The subjective quality of life was highly correlated with the self-efficacy of youth (self-confidence, self-regulatory efficacy, and task difficulty preference). (c) Self-satisfaction, self-confidence regarding one's career, satisfaction with one's friends, satisfaction with one's parental relationship, quantity of reading, and the amount of study-time all had significant influences on the self-efficacy of youth, whereas the family's socioeconomic status and campus life satisfaction were not significant factors. (d) Self-efficacy had the strongest influence on the youth subjective quality of life. Self-satisfaction, campus life satisfaction, and satisfaction with friends all had significant influences on the youth subjective quality of life, whereas the quantity of reading, the amount of study-time, self-confidence with one's career, the family's socioeconomic status, and satisfaction with one's parental relationship were not significant factors. However, self-confidence with one's career, satisfaction with one's parental relationship, the family's socioeconomic status, and quantity of reading all had different levels of influence on the subjective quality of life for young males and females.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.175-187
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• 2009

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate whether joint effects between family allergy history and environmental tobacco smoke(ETS) by parents were associated with pediatric asthma and wheezing. Methods: The study objects of this study were 2301 element school students and their parents in an urban-rural areas of Gyeonggi-do. Pediatric asthma and wheezing were identified by measures of International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaires. We investigated history of parental allergy, ETS, and other socioeconomic status of both parent. Data were analyzed using logistic regression methods. Results: After adjusting other variables, children with maternal asthma history were more likely to be reported life time wheezing (OR: 3.79 95%CI:2.43-5.90), recent wheezing (OR:4.09 95%CI:2.28-7.38), and diagnostic asthma (OR:2.61 95%CI: 1.44-4.75). Paternal asthma history increasing risk of life time wheezing (OR 2.01 95%CI:1.19-3.38) and recent wheezing (OR:2.38 95%CI:1.24-4.56). Joint effect between parental allergy history and ETS significantly effected on child's life time wheezing and recent wheezing. The risks of life time wheezing (OR:2.47 95%CI:1.64-3.717) and recent wheezing (OR: 2.51 95%CI:1.34-4.69) were significantly higher than others without both factors. The risk of recent wheezing of children with maternal recent smoking and parental allergy history (OR:4.83 95%CI:1.89-12.33) was higher than their counterpart. Conclusions: The result of this study implies that children with family allergy history and passive smoking are more likely to be get asthma and wheezing than children with family allergy history and non-passive smoking. This study provide the object information to increase the efficiency of non-smoking campaign and education for decreasing pediatric asthma risk.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.59-72
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• 2024

Background: This study assessed the postoperative analgesic efficacy and safety of the quadratus lumborum block (QLB) in pediatric patients. Methods: Electronic databases were searched for studies comparing the QLB to conventional analgesic techniques in pediatric patients. The primary outcome was the need for rescue analgesia 12 and 24 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes covered the Face-Legs-Activity-Cry-Consolability Scale (FLACC) scores at various time points; parental satisfaction; time to the first rescue analgesia; hospitalization time; block execution time; block failure rates, and adverse events. Results: Sixteen randomized controlled trials were analyzed involving 1,061 patients. The QLB significantly reduced the need for rescue analgesia both at 12 and 24 hours after surgery (12 hours, relative risk [RR]: 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01, 0.88; 24 hours, RR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.70). In case of 24 hours after surgery, type 1 QLB significantly reduced the need for rescue analgesia (RR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.76). The QLB also exhibited lower FLACC scores at 1 hour (standardized mean difference [SMD]: -0.87; 95% CI: -1.56, -0.18) and 6 hours (SMD: -1.27; 95% CI: -2.33, -0.21) following surgery when compared to non-QLB. Among QLBs, type 2 QLB significantly extended the time until the first rescue analgesia (SMD: 1.25; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.67). No significant differences were observed in terms of parental satisfaction, hospitalization time, block execution time, block failure, or adverse events between QLB and non-QLB groups. Conclusions: The QLB provides non-inferior analgesic efficacy and safety to conventional methods in pediatric patients.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2007

Korean secondary school students (n=263) responded to surveys measuring their family contexts and school adjustment during the time period August-September 2004. Structure Equation Modeling tests were conducted to identify the nested model on school adjustment, a latent variable constructed with peer relations, teacher-adolescent relations, and academic attitude. In the nested model, parental involvement was a powerful predictor for school adjustment. Family conflict had a negative impact on school adjustment and was statistically significantly when correlated with the other predictors in the model. These finding suggested that family contexts play an important role in Korean adolescents' school adjustment. Hence, adolescents' perceived GPA level and satisfaction for school were important predictors for school adjustment.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.83-96
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• 2013

This study aims to suggest the alternative policies and practices which policy makers can introduce and enlarge for work-family balance of employees. For purpose, this study analyzed the regulation of work time and parental leave benefits of employees. And the results of major projects in family friendly support services were examined. Based on these assessment, this study suggested various flexible work arrangements, papa's quota system in parental leaves, various family leaves for family care, establishment of FFSC in every metropolitan area, diversification of consulting project, and enlarging of certification project on family friendly workplace.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.207-216
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• 2019

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) such as infantile colic, constipation and colic occur in almost half of the infants. The aim of this paper is to provide a critical and updated review on the management of FGIDs and their impact on the health of the infant and family to health care physicians. Guidelines and expert recommendations were reviewed. FGIDs are a frequent cause of parental concern, impairment in quality of life of infants and relatives, and impose a financial burden to families, health care, and insurance. Therefore, primary management of the FGIDs should be focused on improving the infants' symptoms and quality of life of the family. If more than parental reassurance is needed, available evidence recommends nutritional advice as it is an effective strategy and most of the time devoid of adverse effects. The role of healthcare providers in reassuring parents and proposing the correct behavior and nutritional intervention by avoiding inappropriate use of medication, is essential in the management of FGIDs.

• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.86-88
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• 2021

The monokaryotic strain, Schizophyllum commune strain IUM1114-SS01, was generated from a basidiospore of dikaryotic parental strain IUM1114. It even showed the decolorizing activities for several textile dyes much better than its parental strain. Based on the results of a single-molecule real-time sequencing technology, we present the draft genome of S. commune IUM1114-SS01, comprising 41.1 Mb with GC contents of the genome were 57.44%. Among 13,380 protein-coding genes, 534 genes are carbon hydrate-active enzyme coding genes.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.592-607
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the personal, family, and community factors that affect addictive behavior of adolescents. Methods: This study was conducted using a descriptive survey design. Subjects included 398 adolescents in three middle schools and four high schools located in three cities. Data were obtained from these subjects between July 11 and July 19, 2013 using self-report questionnaires. Analysis of the data was performed using the SPSS 19.0 program. Results: Of the participants, 62.0% were included in the non-addictive group, and 38.0% in the risk for addictive behavior group. Significant factors related to addictive behavior includes eight personal factors: alcohol consumption, sexual experience, suicidal ideation, experience of being a runaway, time spent using the smartphone, and time management skills; five family factors: physical abuse by parents, parental alcohol abuse, parental rearing attitudes [the type of rearing attitude among emotional warmth, rejection, and overprotection]; and two community factors: number of peers who practice risk behavior and relationship with peers. Conclusion: Based on the outcomes of this study, it is suggested that a school health program to decrease adolescent addictive behavior should consider personal, family, and community factors.

• Korean Journal of Ornithology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 2018

Sexual dimorphism in birds refers to male-female differences in body size, plumage, color and/or behavior. In general, many seabirds, including the family of Laridae, are monomorphic in plumage-color, which makes the determination of sex difficult in the field because both parents also tend to share a great portion of parental care. The development of an inexpensive sexing tool facilitates understanding the degree of sex-specific parental care in the evolution of the life history. Here, we developed a non-invasive method for the determination of sex using the bill-head morphometric of known captive pairs and applied this tool to wild pairs to document factors underlying male-female parental care during the incubation period of Saunders's gulls (Saundersilarus saundersi). Males exhibited relatively larger bill-head ratios than their mates within naturally formed pairs in captivity, resulting in the determination of sex in12 wild pairs at the nest during the incubation period. Males and females equally shared the incubation role during the daytime, attending the nest at a high rate of 95%. However, the male's proportion of nest attentiveness greatly increased with time towards sunset, presumably reflecting the male duty for nighttime incubation. The present study provides a non-invasive method for the determination of sex in a monomorphic seagull species and highlights how male-female incubation behavior is associated with time of the day, rather than other ecological conditions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.431-440
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to classify the latent profiles of elementary school teachers' job stress and to explore the effects of the relative variables to determine these classifications. In addition, the differences in the teacher-student relationship and parental involvement in school based on the classification were discussed. Data from 709 elementary school teachers who participated in the 11th wave of the Panel Study on Korean Children in 2018 were analyzed by Latent Profile Analysis (LPA). The findings can be summarized as follows. First, four subgroups could be defined according to the elementary school teachers' job stress: low-level job stress group, mid-level job stress group, mid-level administrative work stress group, and mid-level relationship and guidance stress group. Second, the final education and average time to work were significant determinants of the latent groups. Third, teacher-student conflict and parental involvement in school showed differences between the subgroups. Specifically, the mid-level relationship and guidance stress group reported the highest conflict level with children and the lowest parental involvement in school. These findings suggest promoting relief and preventative training programs for elementary school teachers to overcome various job stress.