• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.205-219
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was examine what extent fathers and mothers direr in their parental satisfaction and child-rearing practices, to identify the variables which were related to the parental satisfaction and child-rearing practices, and to investigate the relationships between parental satisfaction and child-rearing practices. The subjects for this study consisted of 245 fathers and 245 mothers of kindergarten children. Descriptive analysis, Cronbach's $\alpha$, t-tests, and correlations were used for data description and analysis. Results were as follows: $\circled{1}$ Paternal child-rearing practices were somewhat differed from maternal child-rearing practices, but parental satisfaction was not differed between fathers and mothers. $\circled{2}$ Factors contributed to patern satisfaction and child-rearing practices were somewhat differed from maternal satisfaction and child-rearing practices. $\circled{3}$ For both fathers and mothers, higher parental satisfaction was positively related to more reasoning guidance, affection, goal-oriented attitude, parental involvement, consistent nile-enforcement, and less authoritarian control.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted to survey and examine the relationship of perceived parental rearing attitude, stress, stress-coping, and self-efficacy in middle school students. Methods: Data were collected 262 middle school students in the study. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean score for parenting attitude was 3.40 (5 scale), stress 2.36 (5 scale), stress-coping 2.12 (4 scale) and self-efficacy 2.46 (4 scale). There were a positive correlations between rearing attitude and self-efficacy (r=.141). There were a negative correlations between rearing attitude and stress (r=-.284). Conclusion: In order to promote self-efficacy and to decrease stress in middle school students, it is necessary to develop supporting intervention to develop parental rearing attitude.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.334-343
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• 2010

Purpose: The study was done to explore the effect of perception of parental rearing attitude and social support on self-efficacy and stress among school-aged children, then to supply information for health promotion of children and to promote multi-cultural communication between Korea and China. Methods: The participants for this study were 180 elementary students each, from Korea and China. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, $X^2$test, t-test, correlation analysis and AMOS. Results: Social support had a direct effect on self-efficacy for both Korean and Chinese children. In Korea parental rearing attitude had greater direct effect on stress than social support and self-efficacy. But in China only, parental rearing attitude had direct effect on stress. Conclusion: These findings provide support for perception of parental rearing attitude, social support, and self-efficacy as predictive variables of stress in Korean and Chinese school-aged children.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.208-220
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• 2018

Purpose: This study examined the mediating effects of self-esteem on the relationship of college students' parental acceptance-rejection rearing attitude and aggression according to gender. Methods: This study was conducted as a descriptive survey. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire from the 1st to 20th of November 2017, and questionnaires from 266 college students were used in the analysis using a Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, simple and multiple regression techniques with the PASW/WIN 20.0 program. Results: In male students, self-esteem had perfect mediating effects on the relationship between the parental acceptance-rearing attitude and aggression. On the other hand, it had partial mediating effects on the relationship between the parental rejection-rearing attitude and aggression. In female students, self-esteem did not have mediating effects on the relationship between the parental acceptance-rejection rearing attitude and aggression. Conclusion: To reduce college students' aggression, it is necessary to build effective strategies to redefine the parent-child relationship and develop a self-esteem promotion program considering gender.

• 아동학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.75-85
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• 2004

This study was to investigate parental rearing attitudes which are perceived by the only children and sibling children and their socio-emotional development. The subjects were 426 4th and 6th grade students in an elementary school located in Seoul and Kyonggi-do. The data was analyzed by SPSS WIN computer program. Two-way ANOVA and Multiple Regression analyses were performed. Within group variables that predicted children's socio-emotional development were parental achievemental, loving and autonomous attitude, and school-aged children's socio-emotional development was most predicted by parental achievemental attitude.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.59-73
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between children's self-efficacy, parental child-rearing attitude perceived by the child, and creativity. The study subjects were 120 5th and 6th graders at elementary school in Gyeongbuk. The instruments of measurement were question sheets, Self-Efficacy Scale, and Parental child-rearing attitude Scale. For creative thinking tests, the Kim Yong-Chae version of TTCT (Torrance Test of Creative Thinking) was used. The data were analysed through mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentile, Cronbach's $\alpha$, and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, the results from the correlational analysis didn't yield significant and meaningful correlations between children's self-efficacy and thinking creatively with words. Nevertheless, children's self-efficacy was partly related to thinking creatively with pictures. Second, the results from the correlational analysis didn't yield significant and meaningful correlations between warmth vs. rejection altitude of father and thinking creatively with words. Warmth vs. rejection attitudes of father was not related to thinking creatively with pictures. However, the results from the correlational analysis yielded a number of significant and meaningful correlations between self-control vs. regulation attitudes of father and the thinking creatively with words. The self-control vs. regulation attitudes of father was significantly positively related to the thinking creatively with pictures. Third, the warmth vs. rejection attitudes of mother was significantly positively related to the thinking creatively with words. However the warmth vs. rejection attitudes of mother was not related significantly to the thinking creatively with pictures. The self-control vs. regulation attitudes of mother was not related to the thinking creatively with words. Moreover, self-control vs. regulation attitudes of mother was not related to the thinking creatively with pictures.

• 복식
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• 제49권
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• pp.155-172
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of children's personality traits and parental child-rearing attitudes on clothing attitudes and color evaluation of preschool children. The subjects for this study consisted of 360 five-year-old children who were attending a preschool and their parents in Cheju Island Korea. Employed mothers had significantly higher score on love acceptance attitude than unemployed mothers did. Female children had more conservative attitude on clothing sex-role than male children did There were no significant gender differences in parental child-rearing attitudes. There were significant relationships between gender and preferred clothing colors. Male children were more likely to prefer blue red, green, and prussian blue for the colors of clothing than were female children while female children liked pink yellow and orange more than male children. Boys selected blue and girls selected pink as the most preferred clothing color. Overall preschool children chose red as the most preferred color black as the most disliked color. The children's sex identification by clothing color was highly consistent with the conservative attitude of adults for all colors. That is preschool children identified pink red and yellow with female color while prussian blue blue and green with male color. Clothing interest of boys was influenced by the mother's state of employment and academic trait. The boys high in academic trait and whose mothers did not have job were high in clothing interest. Clothing management of boys was influenced by emotionality and love acceptance rearing Ttitude. Clothing independednce of boys was influenced by authority control rearing attitude Clothing sex-role of boys was influenced by familism trait. The boys high in familism trait had open-hearted attitude in clothing sex-role. Clothing interest of girls was influenced by academic trait clothing management by sociality clothing independence by emotionality and clothing satisfaction by familism trait. Therefore the more positive personality children had the higher clothing interest and the more desirable clothing attitudes they had.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2005

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate dual gender identity, masculine gender identity, feminine gender identity, undifferentiated gender identity with related to Sex, home environments, parental child-rearing attitude of warmth, parental child-rearing attitude of control, role division of parents and determine predictors for dual gender identity. Method : Study subjects were $6^{th}$ grade of primary students with 2,118. Data was collected from Oct to Nov 2003 by using structured questionnaire. Results : ${\cdot}$ Among the children, 345 had masculine gender identity, 529 had feminine gender identity, 526 had undifferentiated gender identity, and 718 had dual gender identity. ${\cdot}$ There were significant differences in the children's sex, mother's age, father's age, mother's educational level, father's educational level, existence of mother's job, father's job, social economic status, sex of siblings, mother's job satisfaction, family structure, family atmosphere, child-rearing attitude(warmth and control), role division of parents($p{\leq}0.001$) among 4 groups. ${\cdot}$ The significant predictors for dual gender identity were children's sex (OR = 0,196, P =0.001), father's age(OR = 31.053, p = 0.020), mother's educational level(OR = 43,980, p = 0.001), father's job(OR=27.465, p = 0.001), social economic status(OR=O.941, p=0.001), sex of siblings(OR = 0.329, p = 0.005), mother's job satisfaction(OR = 0.673, p =0.001), family structure(OR = 0.887, p = 0.001), family atmosphere(OR = 23.786, p = 0.001), parental Child-rearing attitude of warmth(OR = 8.043, p = 0.001) and child-rearing attitude of control(OR = 0.666, p = 0.005), role division of parents(OR = 3.009, p = 0.001). Conclusions : These findings suggest the necessity of broad understandings about factors which influence dual gender role, and construction of combinative model. Also they suggest parent education for establishment of children's dual gender identity.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.142-152
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• 1990

This Study was to determine the trend of child rearing attitude, to investigate how variables affect the child rearing attitudes, and to suggest directions for developing much needed parental effective training programs or counselling for autistic child in community. The subjects were seventy six mother's of autistic children who attending to 13 treatment institutions in Korea. The data were collected from 1, March to 30, May, 1985. Maternal Behavior Research Instrument exploited by Schaefer, used as 3 tool in this study. The research findings obtained were as follows : 1. Mothers, in general, had affective, restrictive attitudes, and were found to be affective, yet did not give a positive evaluation of children's behavior and used fear control extensively, thus made their children dependent. 2. There were no significant differences in child rearing attitude by children's sex and age. 3. There were no significant differences in child rearing attitudes by mother's age, education level and religion. 4. There was no significant difference in child rearing attitudes by father's occupation.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.625-639
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• 2010

This study compared male and female university students' perceptions of parenthood and their need for pre-parental educational program. Responses of 579 university students in 5 universities were collected using a questionnaire developed by the researchers. Data were analyzed using a T-test and Pearson's chi squared test. Results showed that (1) systematic and pre-parental education may increase opportunities for university students to prepare parent and child rearing skills. (2) Any pre-parent educational program developed should cover practical and such as communication skills, child-rearing techniques and ways of disciplining children. In this way an educational program could provide university students suitable guidance and give them a positive and proper attitude toward parenting should they become parents in the future.