• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.630-634
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• 2018

The recovery of paraffin components contained in the fraction as a part of improving the quality for the fraction of waste plastics pyrolysis oil (WPPO) was investigated by batch cocurrent 4 stages equilibrium extraction. The fraction at a distilling temperature of $120-350^{\circ}C$ recovered from WPPO by the simple distillation and a little water-added dimethylformamide (DMF) solution were used as a raw material and solvent, respectively. As the number of equilibrium extraction (n) and the carbon number of paraffin component increased, the concentration of paraffin component contained in the raffinate increased. The concentrations of $C_{12}$, $C_{14}$, $C16$ and $C_{18}$ paraffin components present in the raffinate recovered at n = 4 were about 1.2, 1.5, 1.6 and 1.8 times higher than those of using the raw materials, respectively. Recovery rates (residue rates present in raffinate) of paraffin components rapidly decreased with increasing n, and increased sharply with increasing the carbon number. Furthermore, it was possible to predict the recovery rates at n = 1 - 4 for all paraffin components ($C_7-C_{24}$) contained in the raw material. The raffinate recovered through this study is expected to be used as a renewable energy.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.49-56
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• 2006

The single droplet combustion characteristics of multicomponent fuel such as diesel-oxygenate and diesel-paraffin blends under high ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure were investigated in the study. The results of the study may be concluded as follows : In the combustion of diesel fuel droplet with additive of oxygenate and paraffin, the dimensionless droplet size of $(D/D_o)^2$ was linearly decreased with time. A fuel droplet with low boiling temperature additives and in high boiling temperature diesel fuel evaporates and burns faster than usual diesel fuel. This rapid burning may result from so-called "micro-explosion" and its burning intensity varies with the types of additives. The results above may suggest that rapid evaporation of oxygenate additive in the middle stage of combustion can contribute much to combustion improvement of blended fuels. When compared to ordinary diesel fuel, neat oxygenate and paraffin fuels show blue flame during entire combustion which prove smokeless combustion.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.391-396
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• 2006

When radioactive wastewater was solidified treatment by cement, the drying rate of cement and the volume reduction ratio was decreased because of boric acid component in the wastewater. In order to supplement the demerit, effects of paraffin wax investigated in this study. Paraffin wax has a hydrophobic properties and a low affinity with inorganic materials. When the radioactive wastewater was tested by a small of wax, the compressive strength of solidified waste are decreased Therefore boric acid in radioactive wastewater are first treated by alkali salt and coated by the stearic acid. During the solidification step, The amount of paraffin wax addition get the result that the compressive strength of solidification with cement was the same as that with paraffin wax. The leaching properties of radioactive waste solidified was the same CFL (cumulative fraction leached), PR (penetration rate), effective diffusivity if paraffin wax content in solidified waste was 20% or 25%.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.65-78
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• 2019

In this study, we investigated the paraffin encapsulation using double-walled encapsulation technique. The first encapsulation used methyl methacrylic acid as the main component in acrylic polymer and the second encapsulation used melamine polymer. Particles size and distribution of the capsules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. In the first encapsulation, the stable capsules were obtained at 67% of phase change material ratio to methyl methacrylic acid monomer and the size of the capsule was from 0.2 to $0.3{\mu}m$. In the second encapsulation, the size of the capsules was almost the same with those capsules prepared in the first encapsulation. The particle size of single wall and double wall was about $0.3{\mu}m$. As a result of the encapsulation of paraffin using double-walled encapsulation technique, it was confirmed that the particle size was determined in the process of encapsulating using the acrylic polymer at the first wall material, and the physical and thermal stability of the capsules were imparted using melamine at the secondary wall material.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.32-45
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• 2023

Environmental regulations in Korea for blasting at industrial sites have conservative standards, which often result in reduced efficiency and cost-effectiveness due to the consideration of environmental regulations and public complaints. Therefore, there is a need for blasting methods that can reduce environmental damage while improving construction efficiency and cost-effectiveness. In this study, we analyzed the effects of the PA-Deck (Paraffin Air-Deck) blasting method, which is a kind of Air Decoupled Charge method in principle utilizing a paraffin-infused paper tube as an air gap, on reducing blasting hazards and improving blasting efficiency. The analysis also evaluated the effectiveness of newly applied equipment for collecting blasting vibration data, and derived the relationship between the explosion velocity and vibration velocity of explosives, and performed frequency analysis of the vertical component. The results of the blasting vibration velocity analysis showed that the Paraffin Waxed Paper Tube-based blasting method exhibited significantly lower vibration velocities compared to conventional blasting methods, and it was judged that more uniformly small-sized fragmented rocks were generated.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.22-48
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• 1995

This study was investigated to search for the effects of the structure of each component in four-component O/W microemulsion system on its formation region, droplet size and stablilty. The results was that the more number of OH site, the shorter carbon chain length of polyol, the larger formation region of microemulsion was showed. The small microemulsion droplet was obtained on condition that the polatry of oil was large and carbon chain length of hydrophobic group of surfactant was long. In using satrated hydrocarbon (such as liquid paraffin, squalane) as dispersed phase, the stability of microemulsion was better than aromatic oil phase.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.647-651
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• 2004

Partial Least Squares (PLS) calibration performance has been systematically investigated by changing spectral resolutions of near-infrared (NIR) spectra. For this purpose, synthetic samples simulating naphtha were prepared to examine the calibration performance in complex chemical matrix. These samples were composed of $C_6-C_9$ normal paraffin, iso-paraffin, naphthene, and aromatic hydrocarbons. NIR spectra with four different resolutions of 4, 8, 16, and 32$cm^{-1}$ were collected and then PLS regression was performed. For PLS calibration, five different group compositions (such as total paraffin content) and six different pure components (such as benzene concentration) were selected. The overall results showed that at least 8$cm^{-1}$ resolution was required to resolve the complex chemical matrix such as naphtha. It was found that the influence of resolution on the PLS calibration was varied by the spectral features of a component.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.551-559
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• 1997

The stability of liquid membrane in the extraction process was investigated through the extraction of the Zn component by using W/O/W emulsion type liquid surfactant membrane which was $D_2EHPA-Kerosene-Span$ $80-H_2SO_4$ system. The highest stability for liquid membrane through the Zn extraction process was obtained under the following conditions. That conditions were that span 80 concentration, as surfactant, of 2~3 vol.%;$D_2EHPA$ concentration, as extractant, of 5~7 vol.%;paraffin oil concentration, as membrane strengthening agent, of 10 vol.%;emulsion volume ratio to the external aqueous phase volume of 0.1, and internal aqueous phase volume ratio to the organic phase volume of 1.0.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.74-81
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• 2013

Due to its accuracy and efficiency, reduced kinetic mechanism of diesel surrogate is widely used as fuel model when applying 3-D diesel engine simulation. But for the well-developed prediction of diesel surrogate reduced kinetic mechanism, it is important to know some meaningful factors which affect to ignition delay time. Meanwhile, ignition delay time consists of two parts. One is the chemical ignition delay time related with the chemical reaction, and the other is the physical ignition delay time which is affected by physical behavior of the fuel droplet. Especially for chemical ignition delay time, chemical properties of each fuel were studied for a long time, but researches on their mixtures have not been done widely. So it is necessary to understand the chemical characteristics of their mixtures for more precise and detailed modeling of surrogate diesel oil. And it shows same ignition trend of paraffin mixture with those of single component, and shorter ignition delay at low/high initial temperature when mixing paraffin and toluene.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.61-64
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• 2010

Objctive：To clarify the criterion, the characteristic of varaious age of ginseng radix cultivated in Korea and China were studied. Method：The surface of the transverse section of the specimen was made into a slid by the Paraffin Section method, and then dyed by Safranine Malachite Green method. The samples were observed at the power of 400 by an optic microscope(Olympus, Japan). The component and flavor of ginseng radix were analyzed by TLC(Thinlayer Chromatography) and electronic nose(FOX3000, France). Result：Ginseng radix according to the growing district and various age were comparative analyzed by optic microscope, TLC and electronic nose. The results were as followings. 1. The external form of Korean ginseng is longer and brightness then Chinese ginseng. 2. The internal form of Korean and Chinese ginseng are similar to each other. 3. The component of Korean and Chinese ginseng in TLC are similar to each other. 4. The fragrance of Korean and Chinese ginseng are clearly different. Conclusion：The results in this study demonstrate that morphology and component of Korean ginseng are similar to Chinese, on the other hand, fragrance of Korean and Chinese ginseng are different.