• Corrugated packaging logistics
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• s.74
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• pp.102-109
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• 2007

이 매뉴얼에는 놀라운 기술적 비밀 또는 특허가 될 만한 정보가 있는 것은 아니다. 대부분의 정보는 골판지 산업계 내에서 수십 년 동안 존재해왔던 것들이다. 이 매뉴얼은 단지 현재 존재하고 있는 이런 정보들을 군에서 사용되는 유지관리 시스템에 맞추어 하나의 논리적인 형식으로 압축한 것에 지나지 않는다. 하지만 이 매뉴얼이 나오기 까지 물신양면으로 도움을 주신 몇몇 분들에게 감사를 전하고자 한다. 첫 번째로 미육군에 감사하고 싶다. 유지관리 초년장교로서 나는 심지어 가장 오래된 골동품인 1959년형 2.5톤 트럭조차도 수 십년간 최적의 수준으로 달리게 만드는 미육군의 매우 조직적이고 단순한 유지관리 시스템을 보고 매우 놀랐었다. 이 매뉴얼 안에 있는 조직적인 틀은 그러한 경험의 산물이다. 나에게 많은 훈련을 시켜 주었고 정보를 준 웨스트베코사(Westvaco Corporation)의 짐버트(Jim Burt)에게 감사하지 않을 수 없다. 이 책에 소개되어 있고 현재 골판지 산업계에서 사용되는 조정에 관한 대부분의 정보는 스톤 컨테이너사(Stone container corporation)의 던드래쥐(Don Drage)의 공이 크다. 이외의 정보는 종이판지 포장잡지(Paperboard packaging magazine)의 에드릴레이(Ed Riley)와 같은 지도자에 의해 쓰여진 기사들에서 얻어진 것이다. L.A. 사우어사(L.A. Saur Corporation)와 같은 장비와 부품회사들 또한 그들 전문분야에서의 가장 최신의 정보를 제공해 주었음을 밝히는 바이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.76-79
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• 2000

The effects of packaging conditions on freshness extension of squash (Cucurbita moscata) were investigated during 7-day storage at 2$0^{\circ}C$. Weight loss of squash packed with corrugated paperboard box (control) was 5.5%, and those of LDPE (low density polyethylene, Ф0.02 mm), LDPE (Ф0.04mm) film and EPS (expanded polystyrene) box were 0.9%, 0.8%, and 1.1%, respectively. Firmness of EPS was 11% higher than that of control, chlorophill content of squash packed with EPS box was 18.9% higher, and total ascorbic acid content of squash packed with EPS box was 29.4% higher than that of control. Quality of packed squash was not different between EPS packages and LDPE packages. Decay of control was 1~2 pieces per box, but was not found in the LDPE, EPS box. Preferences in overall appearences of LDPE, EPS box was better than those of control.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.437-444
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• 2007

Vinyl acetate has been widely used for the manufacture of polyvinyl alcohol emulsion, which is primary ingredient of adhesive, paints, textile, paperboard coatings, etc. Since these products are plentiful and frequently used around us, workers and consumers are at health risk. International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC) classified vinyl acetate as group 2B(possibly carcinogenic to humans). Among the organs targeted, the oral cavity is the most vulnerable organ affected by the carcinogenic effects of vinyl acetate. Since the origin of most of oral cancer is derived from the epithelial cells, it is important to understand the carcinogenic potential of vinyl acetate in human epithelial cells. Thus, the present study has attempted to utilize the immortalized human epithelial cell model to assess the carcinogenic potency of this chemical and to understand the underlying mechanisms.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.12-23
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• 2007

Frequently spraying of natural starch slurry onto the formed wet web has been adopted to improve properties of paperboards. This conventional starch spraying technique, however, becomes less effective in strength improvement. In this study the effects of various factors including wet web dryness, quantity of starch slurry sprayed, and drying temperature on paperboard properties were investigated. Migration of starch granules into the webs appeared to cause a reduction in plybond strength when the web dryness was lower than this level. Wet webs should contain enough water to swell the starch granules, and at the same time they should be heated to a temperature high enough for complete cooking of the sprayed starches to occur. This suggested that preheating of the wet web can be employed to improve the plybond strength.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.459-463
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• 2006

For the purpose of developing liner board for water-resistant corrugated board in the cold chain system, several types of base paper for corrugated board were purchased from the market and 6 different boards were produced in the paperboard mill by applying the chemicals on the base paper. Then, water-moisture resistant performance and physical properties of the boards were evaluated and compared each other. The liner board which is dried at high temperature with pressure by the Condebelt showed a superior performance in strength over conventional liner boards. Strength of the board increased by surface chemical treatment up to 60% of compressive strength and 30% of bursting strength. Starch insolubilization with Ammonium-Zirconium -Carbonate and surface coating with a surface size and a moisture resistant chemical on CK paper showed the best result. Therefore, this method was recommended to produce the outer liner board for water -resistant corrugated board.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.505-508
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• 2006

Talc has been used as coating pigments for gravure printing paper and light weight coated paper (LWC) in Europe for 30 years and the use of talc has been significantly increased every year. Currently, talc is used for about 15% of pigments for paper coating. Especially more than 50% of the coating pigments for gravure printing paper and web printing paper (web off-set) is applying talc. The use of talc improves printability, smoothness, and the coverage of base paper, and showed a significant effect on reducing the coated paper basis weight. In addition, it improves compressibility of the coating layer, influencing the gravure printability.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.96-101
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• 2015

In the previous study, we investigated the physical properties of new organic fillers made from major agricultural byproducts, including rice husks, peanut husks and garlic stems, and we estimated that rice husk was the best candidate for use as new organic fillers in paperboard. In this study, an organic filler prototype was produced with rice husk and the mill trials were carried out in a white liner chipboard (duplexboard) mill. The rice husk organic filler was added to the middle ply of SC $350g/m^2$ to determine the optimal conditions for the manufacture of rice husk organic fillers. The mill trials were performed three times and the bulk improvement and drying energy reduction were measured to identify the functionality of the rice husk organic filler compared to that of the commercial wood powder. In the first mill trial, the test failed because the surface roughness of the duplexboard had deteriorated after the rice husk organic filler was added to the OCC stock. As all of the particles remaining on the 60 mesh sieves were removed and the particle size was decreased by increasing the length of the grinding process, the surface roughness of the duplexboard did not be deteriorated in the second mill trial. However, the bulk improvement and drying energy reduction were not observed. In the final mill trial, as the particle size of the rice husk organic filler was controlled by increasing the portion of particles passing through the 60 mesh sieves and remaining 100 mesh sieves, higher bulk improvement and drying energy reduction were acquired compared to the commercial wood powder.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2017

In order to confirm European packaging waste statistics, this study was investigated annual variability of packaging waste generated, target of recovery and recycling rate for packaging waste and recycling rate of European countries based on Eurostat database. Eurostat is regional society statistics organization designated by European community to distribute development, production and European statistics. From 2005 to 2013, paper and paperboard packaging were generated the largest amount among the total amount of packaging waste generated during the period and the share of main packaging materials were generally constant among the packaging materials. In addition, European Union member countries have established target for the recycling rate and recycling rate for packaging waste which has been well maintained by most EU countries since the 2008 directive was enacted. The recycling rate for whole packaging waste such as glass, paper and paperboard, metal, plastic, wood continues to increase in Europe. In this study, Europe packaging waste statistics were organized and analyzed as yearly transformation of Europe packaging waste occurrence and disposal, recycling rate and recovery rate target value of Europe countries and recycling rate of each country in Europe base on centralized Eurostat database. Moreover GDP reduction were also confirmed due to trend changes and indirect impacts such as economic slump by packaging waste and recycling.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.34-39
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• 2015

Fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) are widely applied in the papermaking process to improve the CIE whiteness and the ISO brightness of papers. Large amounts of FWAs are used in the paper and paperboard industry, but no standard method exists for quantitative FWA analysis. Therefore, a new method is needed to analyze the presence of FWAs in paper and paperboard to control their additions and applications. In particular, FWA analysis must concentrate on those used for surface treatment of paper because their use in surface applications has increased recently. The purposes of this study were to measure the optical properties of papers surface-treated with oxidized starch containing FWAs and to deduce the regression equations for the quantitative analysis of FWAs used for surface treatments. Surface sizing was carried out to treat the surface of a base paper with T-FWA and H-FWA, and the pickup weight of the surface sized paper was measured to determine the real weight of FWAs transferred onto the paper surface. After surface sizing and preconditioning, the paper was evaluated for CIE whiteness, ISO brightness, fluorescence index, and reflectance at 440 nm using an Elrepho spectrophotometer. The CIE whiteness and the ISO brightness increased linearly as FWA content increased. The fluorescence index and the reflectance showed linear relationships with T-FWA and H-FWA. Linear regression equations were determined for the quantitative analysis of FWAs used for surface treatments.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.7-10
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• 2013

A packaging system integrated in primary and secondary packages to deliver consumers fresh peach in the produce supply chain was designed and its effectiveness on quality preservation was tested. The master packaging system was designed to contain 6 individual polypropylene film (PP, $30{\mu}m$ thickness) packages of 300 g peach fruit inside $35{\mu}m$ thick low density polyethylene (LDPE) bag located in a corrugated paperboard box. As a variable to attain the desired package atmosphere around the fruit during cold storage and subsequent retail display at higher temperature, different numbers (1, 3 and 7) of microperforations in $59{\mu}m$ diameter were tested on the individual PP packages. As control treatment, six fruits were placed without wrapping in a corrugated paperboard box. During the storage at $5^{\circ}C$, the control and individual packages were periodically separated from the box or master package, moved to the simulated retail shelf conditions of $20^{\circ}C$ and then stored for 3 more days with package atmosphere and fruit quality being measured. The package with 7 microperforations was the best in the ability to attain beneficial MA of 6~10% $O_2$ and 11~19% $CO_2$ around the fruit during the chilled storage at $5^{\circ}C$ and simulated retail display at $20^{\circ}C$. Packages with smaller number of microperforations resulted in anaerobic atmosphere at the low temperature storage and/or the subsequent high temperature display. Compared to control, all the treatments with master packaging system gave better retention of fruit firmness with significantly less weight loss.