• 제목/요약/키워드: paper crane

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Development of Real-time Condition Monitoring System for Container Cranes (컨테이너 크레인 실시간 설비진단 시스템 개발)

  • Jung, D.U.;Choo, Y.Y.
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.12 no.6
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    • pp.18-23
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    • 2008
  • This paper describes development of real-time condition monitoring system to observe state of a container crane in a port. To analyze the state of a crane, the strength and the direction of wind are measured with sensors along with the load resulted a crane at the moment. The measured signals are processed by especially developed conditioning board and converted into digital data. Measured data are analyzed to define the state of the crane at an indicator. For transmission of these data to the indicator, we implemented wireless sensor network based on IEEE 802.15.4 MAC(Media Access Control) protocol and Bluetooth network protocol. To extend the networking distance between the indicator and sensor nodes, the shortest path routing algorithm was applied for WSN(Wireless Sensor Network) networks. The indicator sends the state information of the crane to monitoring server through IEEE 802.11 b wireless LAN(Local Area Network). Monitoring server decides whether alarm should be issued or not. The performance of developed WSN and Bluetooth network were evaluated and analyzed in terms of communication delay and throughput.

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Rain Attenuation Analysis for Designing UAV Data Link on Ku-Band (Ku대역 무인항공기 데이터 링크 설계를 위한 강우감쇠 분석)

  • Lee, Jaeyoon
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.40 no.7
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    • pp.1248-1256
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    • 2015
  • It is necessary to apply an exact data and a precise prediction model for a rain attenuation to design the link margin for a data link using Ku-band with the serious effect by rain. In this paper, we investigate the regional rainfall-rate distribution of Korea proposed in TTAK.KO-06.0122/R1 and compare it with the distribution provided by Rec. ITU-R PN.837-1 and Crane. And, the rain rate climate regions similar with the rainfall-rate distribution of Korea in Rec. ITU-R PN.837-1 and Crane model are selected. Finally, using Rec. ITU-R P.618-8 and Crane rain attenuation prediction model, we derive and analyze the rain attenuation for Ku-band frequency according to the time percentage of an average year and the distance of wireless communication link between unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and ground data terminal (GDT).

Mobile harbor: structural dynamic response of RORI crane to wave-induced rolling excitation

  • Cho, Jin-Rae;Han, Ki-Chul;Hwang, Soon-Wook;Cho, Choon-Soo;Lim, O-Kaung
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.43 no.5
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    • pp.679-690
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    • 2012
  • A new concept sea-floating port called mobile harbor has been introduced, in order to resolve the limitation of current above-ground port facilities against the continuous growth of worldwide marine transportation. One of important subjects in the design of a mobile harbor is to secure the dynamic stability against wave-induced excitation, because a relatively large-scale heavy crane system installed at the top of mobile harbor should load/unload containers at sea under the sea state up to level 3. In this context, this paper addresses a two-step sequential analytical-numerical method for analyzing the structural dynamic response of the mobile harbor crane system to the wave-induced rolling excitation. The rigid ship motion of mobile harbor by wave is analytically solved, and the flexible dynamic response of the crane system by the rigid ship motion is analyzed by the finite element method. The hydrodynamic effect between sea water and mobile harbor is reflected by means of the added moment of inertia.

Analysis for Lifting Design of a Floating Crane with Elastic Booms (붐(Boom)의 탄성을 고려한 해상 크레인의 리프팅 설계 해석)

  • Park, Kwang-Phil;Cha, Ju-Hwan;Lee, Kyu-Yeul
    • Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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    • 2011.09a
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    • pp.5-11
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    • 2011
  • In this paper, the dynamic response analysis of a floating crane with elastic booms and a cargo is performed. The objective is to consider the effects of the elastic boom in the lifting design stage. Governing equations of the motion for the system which consists of interconnected rigid and flexible bodies are derived based on the formulation of flexible multibody system dynamics. To model the boom as a flexible body, floating reference frame and nodal coordinates are used. Coupled surge, pitch, and heave motion of the floating crane with the cargo which has 3 degree of freedom is simulated by solving the equation numerically. Finally, the effects of the elastic boom for the lifting design that the floating crane is required to lift a heavy cargo are discussed by comparing the simulation result between with the elastic boom and with the rigid one.

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Automation of 3 Dimensional Beam Modeling based on Finite Element Formulation for Elastic Boom of a Floating Crane (해상 크레인 탄성 붐 적용을 위한 3D 빔(beam) 유한 요소 정식화 및 자동화)

  • Park, Kwang-Phil;Cha, Ju-Hwan;Lee, Kyu-Yeul;Ham, Seung-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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    • v.15 no.6
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    • pp.411-417
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    • 2010
  • In this paper, the boom of a floating crane is modeled as a 3-dimensional elastic beam in order to analyze the dynamic response of the crane and its cargo. The boom is divided into more than two elements based on finite element formulation, and deformation of each element is expressed in terms of shape matrix and nodal coordinates. The equations of motion for the elastic boom consist of a mass matrix, a stiffness matrix, and a quadratic velocity vector that contains the gyroscopic and Coriolis forces. The size and complicity of the matrices increase in proportion with the number of elements. Therefore, it is not possible to derive the equations of motion explicitly for different number of elements. To overcome this difficulty, matrices for one 3-dimensional element are expressed with elementary sub-matrices. In particular, the quadratic velocity vector is derived as a product of a shape matrix and a 3-dimensional rotation matrix. By using the derived matrices, the equations of motion for the multi-element boom are automatically constructed. To verify the implementation of the elastic boom based on finite element formulation, we simulated a simple vibration of the elastic boom and compared the average deformation with the analytic solution. Finally, heave motion of the floating crane and surge motion of the cargo are presented as application examples of the elastic boom.

Study on Simulation for Buffer Space Analysis of Container Crane with Dual Trolley (듀얼 트롤리형 컨테이너 크레인 버퍼공간 분석을 위한 시뮬레이션 연구)

  • Choi, Yong-Seok;Won, Seung-Hwan
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.331-337
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    • 2009
  • Container crane is main equipment in container terminals and it determines the productivity and the efficiency of container terminals. The typical type of container cranes has the single trolley and one among advanced types of them has the dual trolley. The objective of this paper is to analyze the buffer size of a container crane with the dual trolley in container terminals. We present a simulation model for analysing the buffer space of a container crane with the dual trolley. The buffer space is located between main trolley in sea-side and second trolley in yard-side. We performs various simulation experiments and analyze the buffer size to estimate the required productivity.

Development of Monitoring System for Safety Operation of Crane (크레인 안전 운전을 위한 모니터링 시스템 개발)

  • Bae, Young-Chul
    • The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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    • v.9 no.11
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    • pp.1305-1310
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    • 2014
  • In this paper, the new integrated crane monitoring system that complemented the point at issue for existing crane monitoring system is implemented. The Implementing monitoring system based on wireless communication system, consist of a measuring system of total load currents of main circuit breaker, a temperature and vibration measuring system with temperature sensors and vibration sensors for monitoring an oil and bearing of a main decelerator, a temperature measuring system with temperature sensors of a main motor bearing, and sensors for fire monitoring of an entire electrical space. The measured data from these sensors transmit main controller which is located in external location. Then the Integrating monitoring system is implemented and is performed the performance test to performing diagnosis of motors of a crane.

Anti-sway Control of Crane System Using Hybrid Control Method (하이브리드 방식을 이용한 크레인의 앤티스웨이 제어)

  • Park, H.S.;Kim, H.S.;Park, J.H.;Lee, D.H.;Kim, S.B.
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.67-72
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    • 1998
  • In crane control system, it is required that the travelling time of crane must be reduced as much as possible and there is no the swing of load at the end and starting points. In this paper, we present a hybrid control method which includes two control methods of the optimal regulator and the velocity pattern control in order to realize high performance of the anti-sway. To implement the control algorithm, the dynamic equation is linearlized at an equilibrium point, so that the linear time invariant state equation can be obtained. A 1/10 sized model crane of the usual gantry cranes is made and used to show the applicability of the developed hybrid control method. The effectiveness of developed hybrid control method is proved by experimental results which show us good performance for anti-sway control comparing to conventional velocity pattern control. Practically, it is expected that the proposed control system will make an important contribution to the automatic crane control system of the industrial fields.

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Static and Dynamic Analysis for a Double Link Type Level Luffing Jib Crane (이중링크 형식 수평인입 집 크레인의 정적·동적 해석)

  • Moon, D.H.;Hur, C.W.
    • Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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    • v.12 no.6
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    • pp.715-725
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    • 2000
  • As a link composition of a double link type level luffing jib crane was determinated through the link composition design, the design to be considered will be computations of the luffing trajectory deviation at the fly jib tip and the required luffing device capacity. This paper is a study regarding the static and dynamic analysis for a mechanism of the crane. The objective of the static analysis is to determinate the capacity and the dimension of luffing device when the crane selfload, rated hoisting load, wind load and inertia force are applied on the crane. The objective of dynamic analysis is to compute the luffing trajectory deviation, velocity and inertia force due to luffing acceleration for each link. All analyses are performed by computer programs. The reliability of the program was checked by results from analyses of the related commercial package. It is expected that the productivity and reliability of the design can be improved by this program which can rapidly and exactly deal with static and dynamic analysis for a given link composition of the crane.

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A Systematic Analysis on the Operation of Busan Container Terminal by Computer Simulation (시뮬레이션에 희한 부산컨테이너 터미널 운영의 체계적인 분석)

  • Kim Hyun;Lee Cheol-Yeong
    • Journal of Korean Port Research
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.29-73
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    • 1988
  • Since the middle of 1950's when sea transportation service by container ship was established, containerization has been rapidly spread over the world with realization of intermodalism, and becomes an index of economy growth of a country. Our country has established Pusan Container Terminal at Pusan harbour in 1978 in step with worldwide trend of containerization, and is constructing New Container Terminal at Pusan outharbour which will be completed in 1990. This paper aims to make a quantitative analysis of the Pusan Container Terminal system through the computer simulation, especially focusing on its subsystems such as ship stevedoring system, storage system and transfer system. First, the capacity of various subsystems are evaluated and it is checked whether the current operation is being performed effectively through the computer simulation. Secondly, the suggestion is presented to improve the operation by considering the throughput that Pusan Container Terminal will have to accept until 1990, when New Container Terminal will be completed. The results are as follows ; 1) As the inefficiency is due to the imbalance between various subsystems at Pusan Container Terminal on the basis of about 1.2 million TEU of container traffic, transfer equipment level must be up to 33% for transfer crane, and free period must be reduced into 4/5 days for export/import. 2) On the basis of about 1.4 million TEU of container traffic, transfer equipment level must be up to $12\%$ for gantry crane, $11\%$ for straddle carrier and $66\%$ for transfer crane, and free period must be reduced into 3/4 days for export/import. 3) On the basis of about 1.7 million TEU of container traffic, transfer equipment level must be up to $25\%$ for gantry crane, $28\%$ for straddle carrier and $100\%$ for transfer crane, and free period must be reduced into 3/4 days for export/import. 4) On the basis of about 2 million TEU of container traffic, transfer equipment level must be up to $25\%$ for gantry crane, $30\%$ for straddle carrier and $110\%$ for transfer crane, and free period must be reduced into 2/3 days for export/import, and it is necessary to enlarge storage yard.

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