• 약학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.263-270
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• 1983

Effective BuOH fraction was extracted from Puerariae radix (Pueraria thunbergiana), and several pharmacological activities were examined. From several pharmacological examinations, it was found that BuOH fraction has an antipyretic activity against typhoid vaccine pyrexia in rabbit, a papaverine-like antispasmodic activity on isolated ileum and jejunum of rat, an analgesic effects on mice treated by 0.7% HAc, and an anti-inflammatory activity of carrageenin edema in rat. It was found that BuOH fraction has detoxication effects on acute and subacute toxic rat induced by alcohol in consequence of biochemical tests of serum. Therefore it was considered that BuOH fraction has preventive and therapeutic effects in alcohol intoxication.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.77-87
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• 1972

Korean rheum (Rheum undulatum Linne) as one of the botanical crude drugs which belong to polygonaceae family has been extensively applied in Chinese medicine during the last decades. It has been particularly used in cathartic and gastric tonic among the folk remedies. There are, however, a few reports with regard to the pharmacological effects on the motility of intestines of several animals. The authors hereby paid attention to this point of view and made experiment to examine the relationship between the alcohol extract of Korean rhei rhizoma and the motility of the isolated rabbit intestine, making the use of several drugs related to the motility of intestine such as acetylcholine, pilocarpine, atropine, papaverine, serotonin, and barium chloride. The movement of the isolated rabbit intestine in Tyrode's solution was recorded with the electric kymograph according to the Magnus method. The results of the experiment are as follows. 1. The motility of the isolated rabbit intestine represents the tendency of gradual dilatation in proportion to the concentration of R-A $10^{-4}$, $5{\times}10^{-4}$, and $10^{-3}$. 2. R-A $5{\times}10^{-4}$ does not seem to have the significant effect with acetylcholine, pilocarpine and atropine on motility of the isolated rabbit intestine strip. 3. R-A $5{\times}10^{-4}$ significantly blocks the contractile effect caused by serotonin $10^{-6}$ on motility of the isolated rabbit intestine strip. 4. R-A $5{\times}10^{-4}$ significantly blocks the contractile effect caused by barium chloride $10^{-4}$ on motility of the isolated rabbit intestine strip. 5. R-A $5{\times}10^{-4}$ significantly synergizes the dilatative effect caused by papaverine $10^{-6}$.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.255-255
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• 2002

For rapid and sensitive measurement of antiviral activities, application of a recombinant virus containing firefly luciferase gene was attempted. Recombinant human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) containing luciferase gene driven by HCMV late gene pp28 promoter (HCMV/pp28-luc) was used to test the antiviral activities of three known compounds and the result was compared with results from the conventional plaque assay for measuring the production of infectious viruses. When human fibroblast cells were infected with HCMV/pp28-luc, luciferase activity was observed at 2 days after infection and reached maximum at 6 days after infection, whereas the production of infectious virus was maximal at 4 days after infection. The antiviral activities of ganciclovir, acyclovir, and papaverine were measured in HFF cells infected with HCMV/PP28-luc and the luciferase activity was compared with the infectious virus titers. Luciferase activity decreased as the concentration of ganciclovir or papaverine increased, while there was a slight decrease in luciferase activity with acyclovir. The level of the decrease in Luciferase activity was comparable to the level of decrease in the production of infectious virus. Therefore, the antiviral assay using recombinant virus HCMV/pp28-luc resulted in sensitivity similar to the conventional plaque assay with a significant reduction in assay time.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.209-214
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• 1989

Yasculogenic impotence is produced by abnormalities of vascular blood supply or drainage, and is the most common cause of various organic impotences. An increasing awareness of vascular causes of impotence has resulted from development of various diagnostic tests, but precise measurement of penile blood flow is difficult. Radionuclide penogram has been introduced recently to diagnose vasculogenic impotence. Forty-one impotent patients and 12 normal men were studied with radionuclide erection penogram using Tc-99m pertechnetate and an intracavernous injection of papaverine. We defined arteriogenic impotence as arterial index less than 0.66, and venogenic impotence as venous index greater than 0.09. By this criteria, the false positive ratio in normal men was 17%, and the false negative ratio in radically cystectomized patients was 0%. Side effects were small purpura of the penile shaft and dull pain during injection of papaverine. The radionuclide erection penogram was noninvasive and gave a dynamic evaluation of the arterial supply, venous drainage, and blood flow in the corporeal bodies. This method should be considered as a valuable adjunct to evaluate patients with vasculogenic impotence.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.541-549
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• 2008

배경: 혈관수축제에 의한 동맥 이식편 직경의 감소는 상당한 혈류감소를 야기할 수 있다. 본 연구는 체외에서 여러 가지 혈관수축제에 의해 유발되는 혈관경련에 대한 혈관이완제의 전처치 효과를 평가하기 위해 시행되었다. 대상 및 방법: 토끼의 상완동맥과 복강동맥으로부터 $3{\sim}4mm$ 길이의 환상 혈관절편을 제작하여 5% $CO_2$와 95% $O_2$가 통기되는 modified Krebs 용액$(38{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C)$이 담긴 tissue bath내에서 일측을 고정하고 다른 일측을 force displacement transducer (TSD $125C^{(R)}$, Biopac Inc. USA)에 연결한 후 혈관수축제를 투여하여, 이때 초래된 혈관의 장력 변화를 관찰하여 대조치로 하였다. 그 후 니트로글리세린(NTG), 니카디핀(Nica), 베라파밀(Vera) 그리고 파파베린(Papa)을 각각 $30{\mu}M$씩 40분간 전처치하였고, Krebs 용액을 15분마다 3차례 교환한 후 혈관수축제들을 연속적으로 투여하여 초래되는 혈관수축을 관찰하여 실험치로 하였으며 실험결과는 전처치 전과 후의 혈관수축제에 의해 야기된 장력의 백분율로써 표시되었다. 결과: Nica는 상완동맥과 복강동맥 모두에서 norepinephrine (NE), angiotensin II (AII), U46619에 의한 혈관수축을 NTG와 Vera보다 더 효과적으로 억제하였다(Nica vs NTG, p<0.01 ; Nica vs Vera, p<0.05). Vera의 혈관수축 억제 효과는 NTG와 비교하여 상완동맥에서는 5HT (5-hydrokytryptamine), AII, 및 U46619로 수축시킨 경우, 그리고 복강동맥에서는 5HT 수축시킨 경우에만 유의하였다(p<0.01). 결론: Nica와 Vera 둘 다 혈관수축제의 수축작용을 효과적으로 억제하였다. 특히 Nica는 Vera보다 혈관수축제의 작용을 예방하는데 더 효과적일 것으로 사료된다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.125-137
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• 1984

Vanadate의 수축에 이용되는 $Ca^{2+}$의 동원 경로와 Na-Pump억제가 vanadate의 수축에 어떤 영향을 미치는 지를 밝히기 위해 본 실험을 시행하여 다음과 같은 곁과를 얻었다. 1) 흰쥐의 자궁근에서는 vanadate는 수축을 일으켜 $5{\times}10^{-4}M$에서 최대수축을 나타내었으며 사람의 자궁근이 흰쥐의 자중근에 비해 vanadate에 더 민감한 반응을 보였다. 2) Vanadate에 의한 수축은 $Ca^{2+}$제거에 의해 완전히 억제되지 않았고 사람의 자궁근이 외부 $Ca^{2+}$의 농도변화에 더 민감한 반응을 보였다. 3) Vanadate에 의한 수축은 verapamil농도를 증가시킴에 따 억제되었으며 100k에 극한 수축을 완전 억제시키는$3{\times}10^{-5}M$ verapamil 존재하에서도 최대수의 40%정도가 남아있었고, 이 크기는 $Ca^{2+}$없는 용액에서의 수축의 크기와 유사하였다. 4) Na-pump억제시 vanadate의 수축은 증가하였고 이 현상은 $3{\times}10^{-5}M$ verapamil 존재하에서도 나타났다. 5) $Ca^{2+}$없는 ouabain용액에서 전처치후에 vanadate에 의한 수축은 증가하지 않았으나 외부내 $Ca^{2+}$을 부가할 나타나는 반음은 대조군에 비해 현저히 증가하였다. 6) Verapamil 존재시 vanadate에 의한 $Ca^{45}$유입은 완전히 억제되었으나 ouabain으로 처리한 후는 verapamil 존재하에서도 vanadate가 현저히 $Ca^{45}$유입을 일으켰다. 7) Ouabain이나 K 없는 용액으로 치리시간이 증가함에 따라 vanadate에 의한 수축의 증가정도는 더욱 더 현저하였다. 8) Ouabain 전처치시 증가된 vanadate에 의한 수축은 $10^{-4}M$ papaverine에 의해 현저히 억제되었다. 9) Acetylcholine에 의한 수축은 verapamil 존재하에서도 Na-pump억제 시간이 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 vanadate에 대해 사람의 자궁근이 흰쥐의 자궁근에 비해 더 민감한 반응을 보이고 vanadate에 의한 수축에는 외부와 내부 $Ca^{2+}$이 모두 이용되며 Na-pump 억제시 여러가지 근수축물질이 verapamil에 의해 억제되지 않는 $Ca^{2+}$유입을 일으키며 이 유입경로의 성질은 확실히 알 수 없으나 Papaverine에 의해 억제되며 막전위의 변화와 관련이 있는 것으로 생각된다.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 1999

Vasoconstriction of intracerebral arteries is the leading cause of delayed cerebral infarction and mortality following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Transcranial Doppler studies show and increase in the flow velocities of basal cerebral arteries, which usually start around day 4 following a subarachnoid hemorrhage, and peaking by days 7 to 14. Angiographic studies confirm the presence of at least some degree of MCA vasospasm when the flow velocities are higher than 100 cm/sec. Mean velocities in the 120 to 200 cm/sec range correspond to 25 to 50% luminal narrowing. MCA and ACA vsospasm is detected with around 90% specificity. Sensitivity is 80% and 50% respectively. A 200cm/sec threshold and rapid flow velocity increase exceeding 50 cm/sec on consecutive days, has been associated with subsequent infarction. Transcranial Doppler is also used to monitor the effects of endovascular treatment of vasospasm. Flow velocities decrease following successful angioplasty or papaverine infusion. Overall, transcranial Doppler studies are considered to have acceptable accuracy for the evaluation of vasospasm in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, with limitations that have to be taken into consideration in the clinical setting.

• 생약학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.99-109
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• 1976

Scolopendra corpus has been used as anticonvulsants and antispasmodics in the oriental medicine. It was previously shown that water extract of Scolopendra corpus had an inhibitory action on ileum in mouse. To investigate the anticonvulsant and antispasmodic activity of Scolopendra corpus, pharmacological studies have been carried out with the water extract of Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans $L.\;K_{OCH}$, which is widely distributed in Korea. 1. The extract depressed convulsions induced by picrotoxin and strychnine. 2. Sedative and antipyretic analgesic action were observed. 3. In mouse and rabbit, tone of intestinal smooth muscle was suppressed with the treatment of the extract and intestinal contraction induced by $BaCl_2$ was also inhibited, suggesting that the extract has a papaverine-like effect. Whereas, in guinea pig, intestinal and tracheal smooth muscle were stimulated, and the effect was antagonized by pre-and after-treatment of diphenhydramine, suggesting that the extract has a histamine-like effect. 4.Flow rate was increased when hind-limb of Toad was perfused with saline containing the extract, but returned to normal within 10 min. Hypotensive effect was observed in rabbit and the effect was abolished by vagotomy.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.300-302
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• 2009

The authors present a rare case of severe vasospasm following the rupture of arteriovenous fistula. On initial CT scan, hematoma in the corpus callosum and left inferior frontal region with surrounding cerebromalacia and all ventricles without apparent subarachnoid hemorrhage were seen. Angiograms showed arterivenous fistula but did not show cerebral vasospasm. Thirteen days after admission the neurological state of patient suddenly deteriorated and bilateral motor weaknesses developed. Following angiograms revealed severe narrowing on the supraclinoid portion of bilateral internal carotid arteries, bilateral anterior cerebral arteries and bilateral middle cerebral arteries. Transluminal angioplasty and intra-arterial papaverine infusion were performed. The patient remained stable with moderate neurologic deficits.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1232-1237
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• 1991

The cervical esophageal stricture has various surgical modalities and difficulties in reconstruction. We had experienced a case of successful reconstruction of the cervical esophageal restenosis using the free jejunal graft, on 30 year old man had had esophageal stricture after ingestion of lye. He had undergone colon interposition[esophagocologastrostomy] with left colon feeding gastrostomy. But restenosis was occurred just above of the cervical esophagocolostomy site several times of balloon dilatation were failed. So, we decided to use of the free jejunal graft. The free jejunal graft was isolated about 15cm length with it`s vascular arcades. The graft was irrigated with the mixed solution as isotonic saline, heparin and papaverine chloride. The artery of graft was anastomosed to the branch of the external carotid artery in end to side with continuous sutures of the 8.0 Prolene. The vein of the graft was anastomosed to the branch of the anterior facial vein in end to end with continuous sutures of the 8.0 prolene. Postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged after removal of the tracheostomy cannula and gastrostomy tube.