• 수산경영론집
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.19-33
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• 2013

China is the world's largest producer of aquatic products and its fishery sector is comprised primarily of aquaculture facilities, both fresh and seawater, and a much smaller wild catch component. The expansion of the aquaculture sector continues to boost China's aquatic output. The increase is attributable to several factors. Among them rapidly growing domestic demand is no doubt one of the most important reasons. Rapid economic growth and rising disposable income are influencing domestic consumption and the economic recovery of major import markets is further stimulating consumption of China's aquatic products. This paper tries to examine the status, trend and reasons of consumption of aquatic products in China. Based on the analysis on the consumption of aquatic products and its change, this paper utilizes panel regression model to estimate the affecting factors of aquatic products consumption in China. By using panel data between 1997 and 2010, the results indicate that income, urbanization, aging and dummy variable have positive effects and fish price index has negative effect on China's aquatic products consumption as predicted. However, effects of meat consumption and education on fishery consumption are totally opposite with our predictions. In other words, it turns out that meat consumption has positive effect on fish consumption while education turns out to have negative effect. Finally the member of household does not show any significant effect on consumption of aquatic products in China.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.148-157
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• 2011

Objectives: Although compensation for occupational injuries and diseases is guaranteed in almost all nations, countries vary greatly with respect to how they organize workers' compensation systems. In this paper, we focus on three aspects of workers' compensation insurance in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries - types of systems, employers' funding mechanisms, and coverage for injured workers - and their impacts on the actual frequencies of occupational injuries and diseases. Methods: We estimated a panel data fixed effect model with cross-country OECD and International Labor Organization data. We controlled for country fixed effects, relevant aggregate variables, and dummy variables representing the occupational accidents data source. Results: First, the use of a private insurance system is found to lower the occupational accidents. Second, the use of risk-based pricing for the payment of employer raises the occupational injuries and diseases. Finally, the wider the coverage of injured workers is, the less frequent the workplace accidents are. Conclusion: Private insurance system, fixed flat rate employers' funding mechanism, and higher coverage of compensation scheme are significantly and positively correlated with lower level of occupational accidents compared with the public insurance system, risk-based funding system, and lower coverage of compensation scheme.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.253-263
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• 2023

Background: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the local extinction index and total medical service utilization. Methods: A fixed effects model in panel analysis was performed for the 228 administrative districts in Korea. The statistical yearbook on the usage of medical services by region and Korean Statistical Information Service data were used from 2010 to 2019 for analysis. Medical service utilization was represented by the number of visits day, the number of inpatient days, and medical charges. Control variables were selected by using an Anderson model. The local extinction index was calculated using resident registration population data. Results: Descriptive statistics showed that the number of areas at risk of extinction increased from 61 to 95 for the study years. In addition, the number of visits, the number of inpatient days, and medical charges all increased during the study years. After controlling for variables affecting medical service utilization and doing a panel fixed effects model, the result suggested that a one-step increase in the local extinction index was significantly associated with a 12.29% decrease in medical charges of inpatients, a 7.33% decrease in medical charge of outpatient, a 5.21% decrease in the number of inpatient day, and a 5.54% decrease in the number of visits day. Conclusion: This study showed that the higher the region's extinction risks, the higher the region's total medical service utilization. The results of this study suggested that there was a disparity in medical service utilization between areas at risk of extinction and areas not at risk of extinction, so measures should be taken to address this disparity.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.4784-4790
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• 2013

세계화가 빠르게 진전되면서 한국 기업들의 오프쇼어링 비중도 커지고 있다. 기존 연구들의 경우 오프쇼어링의 효과보다는 기업이 오프쇼어링을 선택하는 결정요인을 분석하는데 집중하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문은 오프쇼어링이 한국 기업의 생산성에 미친 영향에 대해 정량적으로 분석했다. 이를 위해 통계청의 기업활동조사를 기반으로 기업수준의 패널데이터를 이용해 합동 최소자승법과 고정효과 패널모형을 통해 분석했다. 기존 연구와는 달리 서비스업을 제조업과 구분하여 오프쇼어링의 영향을 추정하였으며, 두 산업 간의 결과를 비교하였다. 합동 최소자승법 결과에서는 전체 기업의 오프쇼어링 비중이 1% 증가할 때 노동생산성은 0.03% 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 그러나 고정효과 패널모형 결과의 경우, 오프쇼어링이 기업의 노동생산성에 주는 효과가 유의하게 추정되지 못했다. 모든 모형에서 오프쇼어링이 제조업 생산성에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 추정되었다. 서비스산업의 경우 고정효과 패널분석 결과에서 오프쇼어링이 생산성에 미치는 영향이 부정적으로 추정되었으나 유의하지는 않았다. 자본과 R&D비용 등 기업의 생산성에 영향을 주는 다른 설명변수들은 서울에 본사가 있는가 여부에 대한 더미변수를 제외하고 대부분 생산성 향상에 기여한다는 결과를 얻었다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.113-125
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• 2021

Previous research on the association between marriage and life satisfaction is limited due to the lack of attempts to investigate the time profiles of life satisfaction around marriage. This study addresses unresolved questions about the positive association between marriage and life satisfaction as well as tests if it is moderated by childhood parental divorce. Using 14 waves of the Korean Welfare Panel Study(N=3,890 individuals or 25,338 person-year observations), the author first used an ordinary least squares model with clustered standard errors and found that married people reported higher life satisfaction before marriage, compared to people who remained single during the survey. This result supports a social selection perspective. Next, the author used a fixed effects regression model and found that the transition into marriage was associated with an initial rise and subsequent decline in life satisfaction. Life satisfaction increased after reaching its lowest level in the third year of marriage. Life satisfaction after the transition into marriage was significantly higher than that observed three or more years prior to marriage. The result supports a social causation perspective. Such changing patterns were not moderated by parental divorce during childhood. This study advances the current literature on marriage and life satisfaction by using a nationally representative longitudinal data set as well as by testing social selection and causation perspectives.

• 한국사회정책
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.95-123
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• 2016

고령화가 급속도로 진행됨에 따라 고령자의 취업 행동에 대한 객관적 분석은 효과적인 고령자 고용정책의 설계와 안정적인 노후소득보장 체제 개편을 위해 반드시 필요한 선결과제가 되었다. 고령자의 취업 결정요인을 분석하고자 한 선행연구들은 교육수준이나 비근로소득이 취업확률에 미치는 영향을 추정함에 있어 고령자 개인의 비관측 이질성과 독립변수 내생성 문제를 고려하지 못했으며, 따라서 그렇게 추정된 이들 두 변수의 회귀계수는 일치추정량으로 간주될 수 없다. 이 연구는 한국고용정보원의 고령화연구패널조사 1~4차웨이브 자료를 이용하여 패널로짓 모형을 추정함으로써 교육수준과 비근로소득의 효과에 대한 일치 추정량을 구하고자 했다. 그 결과, 비관측 이질성이나 내생성 문제를 고려한 후에도 교육수준과 비근로소득은 고령자 취업에 유의미한 음의 영향을 미친다는 것이 재확인되었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 향후 과거 어느 세대보다 학력이 높고 연금 등 비근로 소득이 높은 세대집단인 베이비부머들이 노동시장을 떠날 시점이 되면, 다른 조건이 동일할 경우 이들의 취업 유인은 그 이전세대의 그것보다 훨씬 더 약할 것이며 따라서 전례 없는 노동시장 인력부족과 연금재정 고갈이 초래될 수 있음을 시사한다. 마지막으로 이에 대비하기 위한 정책 방향으로 저학력 저소득 고령자와 고학력 고소득 고령자 각각을 대상으로 하는 취업지원 정책의 개편 방안을 제안한다.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2019

Purpose - With rapid population aging in Korea, changes in the population structure will result in a rise in the fiscal burden. This paper investigates the effects of population aging on fiscal spending based on Korea's province data and country panel data from the OECD. Research design, data, and methodology - We use province-level fiscal data from Local Finance Integrated Open System and the Korean Statistical Information Service and also collect country panel data from the OECD. To investigate the relationship between population aging and fiscal expenditures, our analysis uses the fixed effects model. Results - The empirical analysis based on Korean local finance and country panel data show that population aging has a positive impact on social welfare expenditures and it also has a positive impact on spending related to children and the elderly, implying that population aging may lead to an increase in fiscal spending via an increase in social welfare expenditures and spending related to children and the elderly. Conclusion - These empirical results suggest that countries like Korea that expect to experience rapid population aging need to pay more attention to prepare for the expected increase in age-related spending in the near future.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.319-329
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• 2015

Objectives: Parental socioeconomic status (SES) exerts a substantial influence on children's health. The purpose of this study was to examine factors determining children's private health insurance (PHI) enrolment and children's healthcare utilization according to PHI coverage. Methods: Korea Health Panel data from 2011 (n=3085) was used to explore the factors determining PHI enrolment in children younger than 15 years of age. A logit model contained health status and SES variables for both children and parents. A fixed effects model identified factors influencing healthcare utilization in children aged 10 years or younger, using 2008 to 2011 panel data (n=9084). Results: The factors determining children's PHI enrolment included children's age and sex and parents' educational status, employment status, and household income quintile. PHI exerted a significant effect on outpatient cost, inpatient cost, and number of admissions. Number of outpatient visits and total length of stay were not affected by PHI status. The interaction between PHI and age group increased outpatient cost significantly. Conclusions: Children's PHI enrolment was influenced by parents' SES, while healthcare utilization was affected by health and disability status. Therefore, the results of this study suggest disparities in healthcare utilization according to PHI enrollment.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.43-54
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• 2021

Human capital and innovation capacities are essential elements and one of the sustainable approaches to driving economic growth. However, there is debate among scholars concerning these two factors in fostering economic growth. This study investigates the relationships between human capital and innovation capacity and economic growth in selected ASEAN countries, namely, Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia. Economists widely discussed the interrelation of human capital and innovation. A large body of literature stated that human capital is an essential factor and engine of economic growth. Innovation has become key in transforming the economic development of developing countries. We analyze human capital (HC) and innovation capacity (INC) using static panel data analysis. The data analysis shows that the fixed-effect model is the best model in this study. Further, human capital (HC) has a significant positive relationship with economic growth. Meanwhile, innovation capacity has no significant relationship with economic growth. We also found that Malaysia's coefficient of human capital and innovation capacity is higher and more efficient than in Thailand and Indonesia. In conclusion, human capital and innovation capacity are crucial elements for measuring economic growth. Skilled human capital contributes significantly to the economic growth and economic development of a nation.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2021

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is especially important for developing countries. This study investigates the determinants of FDI in the case of Indonesia. Most empirical researches in this field used time series data of a single country or panel data of several countries. Although panel data analysis is more comprehensive, however results taken from cross-country analysis cannot be directly applied to any specific country in the dataset and therefore lacks practicality. In this research, panel data analysis of a single country is performed to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings. Five determinants of FDI are tested using panel data of 33 Indonesian provinces over 10-year period of time. Two methodologies are adopted, random/fixed effects model and Granger Causality. The results show that only market size significantly affects FDI when tested using both methodologies. Human capital and financial market development show significant result in one of the two methodologies. While, economic growth and infrastructure did not show any significant results at all. This research stresses the importance of comprehensive single country analysis since only one out of five commonly discussed determinants is applicable in the case of Indonesia. Governments should therefore carefully reconsider the use of cross-country analysis as a basis of their policy formulations.