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Scolytidae, Platypodidae, Bostrichidae and Lyctidae Intercepted from Imported Timbers at Busan Port Entry (부산항의 수입재에서 검출된 나무좀과, 긴나무좀과, 개나무좀과 및 가루나무좀과의 종류)

  • 최은정;추호렬;이동운;이상명;박종균
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.42 no.3
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    • pp.173-184
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    • 2003
  • Beetles belonging to the families Scolytidae, Platypodidae, Bostrichidae, and Lyctidae intercepted from imported timbers at Busan port were investigated from March 1 to November 30 in 2000. In addition, hosts imported country were examined. A total of 52 species of within 23 genera was intercepted from nineteen species of timbers or logs from fifteen countries. In Scolytidae, 35 species of 16 genera in three subfamilies were identified 12 species in Xyleborus, 6 species in Ips, 3 species in Trypodendron, 2 species in Arixyleborus, and 12 species of all different genera including Alinphagous. Scolytidae were intercepted from 16 species of timbers in 13 genera imported from 11 countries. The highest beetles were intercepted from Malaysian lauan. In Platypodidae, 9 species of one genus (Platypus) were intercepted from 6 species of timbers in 4 genera imported from 6 countries including Australia. The highest numbers were intercepted from Malysian lauan. In Bostrychidae, 5 species of 4 genera in two subfamilies were intercepted from 6 species of timbers in 4 genera imported from four countries. In Lyctidae, Trogoxylon sp., Minthea sp., and Minthea rugicollis were intercepted from 3 species of timbers in 2 genera imported from 3 countries.

Effect of Herbs and Green Tea on Consumer Sensory and Antioxidative Qualities of Pork- and Chicken-Yukwonjeon (서양 향신료 및 녹차를 첨가한 돼지고기, 닭고기 육원전의 기호도와 항산화 효과)

  • An, Lee-Hwa;An, Jeong-Eun;Lee, Joo-Hee
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.997-1006
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    • 2008
  • Four different spices (herbs) including rosemary, oregano, basil & sage and green tea were added individually to the ground pork or ground chicken with different percentages of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5, respectively. The consumer sensory qualities of the five natural herbs and their antioxidant effects were evaluated using pork- and chicken-Yukwonjeon. In our consumer sensory evaluation, the 0.5% herb addition and control groups had generally better acceptability than the higher addition groups. In particular, pork-Yukwonjeon with the addition of 0.5% of green tea or oregano and chicken-Yukwonjeon with the addition of 0.5% of green tea or rosemary 0.5% were generally preferred more profoundly on the acceptance and ranking tests. However, sensory differences, especially in texture, among the different samples were reduced after storage. With regard to the results of lipid oxidation without storage, the TBARS values of the herb addition groups were slightly lower than those of the control group, but not significantly so (p>0.05). The antioxidant effects of each herb achieved higher values at longer storage times and with higher levels of added herbs. The antioxidant effects differed with different kinds of meat. The addition of the herb samples resulted in TBARS value reductions of $15.0{\sim}45.8%$ and $9.5{\sim}31.0%$, respectively, in the pork and chicken-Yukwonjeon stored at $6^{\circ}C$. Furthermore, the antioxidant effects of herbs during storage at $-20^{\circ}C$ were observed as reducing in the TBARS values of $8.4{\sim}31.7%$ and $19.0{\sim}33.0%$ in the pork-and chicken-Yukwonjeon, respectively. Green tea evidenced the highest levels of antioxidant activity on lipid oxidation, as it was acceptable even at higher concentrations according to our sensory evaluations. These results illustrate the possibility of producing superior Yukwongen with green tea and herbs, according to the different kinds of meat used.

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Studies on the Nutri-Culture of Major Wild Vegetable Ligularia fischeri Turcz I. Growth and Yield of Ligularia fischeri Turcz. by Media, Amount of Media and Planting Density in Nutri-Culture (곰취의 양액재배 기술 개발 I. 배지종류 , 배지량 , 재식밀도에 따른 곰취의 생육 및 수량)

  • 홍정기
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.401-410
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    • 1997
  • This experiment was conducted to investigate the opimum media, media amount and planting density of nutri-culture for the high quality and yield of wild vegetable, Liguliaria fischeri Turez. The fried rice hull was recognized best media among perlite, sand and fried rice hull for nutri-culture of Ligularia fischeri Turcz. The yield on fried rice hull media at early growing stage was lower, but higher than in other media at late growing stage. Therefore, total yield in fried rice hull media was 15-29% higher than that of the existing perlite media. Growth and yield of Ligularia fischeri Turcz. were not significantly different between medium amounts, therefore considering economical efficiency and stability, the optimum medium amount was 105 $\iota/m^3$, Yield by planting density increased in the high density and 50 plants/$m^2$ was considered as proper planting density in nutri-culture of Liguliaria fishcheri Turcz.

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Optimization Mixture Ratio of Petasites japonicus, Luffa cylindrica and Houttuynia cordata to Develop a Functional Drink by Mixture Design (혼합물 실험계획법에 의한 머위 및 부원료의 혼합비율 최적화)

  • Jeong, Hae-Jin;Lee, Kyoung-Pil;Chung, Hun-Sik;Kim, Dong-Seop;Kim, Han-Soo;Choi, Young-Whan;Im, Dong-Soon;Seong, Jong-Hwan;Lee, Young-Guen
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.329-335
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    • 2015
  • This study was performed to determine the optimal ratio of Petasites japonicus, Luffa cylindrica, and Houttuynia cordata, all of which are supposed to have anti-respiratory disease effects, such as against rhinitis. The experiment incorporated a mixture design and included 12 experimental points with center replicates for three different independent variables (Petasites japonicus 30~70%; Luffa cylindrica 10~30%; and Houttuynia cordata 10~30%). Based on this design, the mixture was extracted in hot water at 121℃ for 45 min and anti-allergy and anti-microbial activities were observed. The response surface and trace plot described for the anti-allergy activity showed Petasites japonicas was a relatively important factor. The correlation coefficient (R2) value 82.10% for the inhibition effect of degranulation was analyzed by the regression equation. The analysis of variance showed the model fit was statistically significant (p<0.05). The optimal ratio of the mixture was Petasites japonicus 0.75%, Luffa cylindrica 0.11%, and Houttuynia cordata 0.14%. The anti-microbial activity for each extraction of the mixture was valid on gram-positive, such as Staphylococcus aureus (KCCM 40881) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (KCCM 35494), while it was less effective on gram-negative, such as Escherichia coli (KCCM 11234) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (KCCM 11328).

Optimization of a Medium for the Production of Cellulase by Bacillus subtilis NC1 Using Response Surface Methodology (반응 표면 분석법을 사용한 Bacillus subtilis NC1 유래 cellulase 생산 배지 최적화)

  • Yang, Hee-Jong;Park, Chang-Su;Yang, Ho-Yeon;Jeong, Su-Ji;Jeong, Seong-Yeop;Jeong, Do-Youn;Kang, Dae-Ook;Moon, Ja-Young;Choi, Nack-Shick
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.680-685
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    • 2015
  • Previously, cellulase and xylanase producing microorganism, Bacillus subtilis NC1, was isolated from soil. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence and API 50 CHL test the strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis, and named as B. subtilis NC1. We cloned and sequenced the genes for cellulase and xylanase. Plus, the deduced amino acid sequences from the genes of cellulase and xylanase were determined and were also identified as glycosyl hydrolases family (GH) 5 and 30, respectively. In this study to optimize the medium parameters for cellulase production by B. subtilis NC1 the RSM (response surface methodology) based on CCD (central composite design) model was performed. Three factors, tryptone, yeast extract, and NaCl, for N or C source were investigated. The cellulase activity was measured with a carboxylmethyl cellulose (CMC) plate and the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) methods. The coefficient of determination (R2) for the model was 0.960, and the probability value (p=0.0001) of the regression model was highly significant. Based on the RSM, the optimum conditions for cellulase production by B. subtilis NC1 were predicted to be tryptone of 2.5%, yeast extract of 0.5%, and NaCl of 1.0%. Through the model verification, cellulase activity of Bacillus subtilis NC1 increased from 0.5 to 0.62 U/ml (24%) compared to the original medium.

Ethnobotanical Study on the Traditional Knowledge of Vascular Plant Resources in South Korea (한국의 관속식물 전통지식에 대한 민속식물학적 연구)

  • Chung, Jae-Min;Kim, Hyun-Jun;Park, Gwang-Woo;Jeong, Hye-Ran;Choi, Kyung;Shin, Chang-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.62-89
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    • 2016
  • The great part of the traditional knowledge on ethnobotanical plants and their uses is gradually vanishing due to industrialization, therefore ethnobotanical studies that explore and preserve the knowledge are in urgent needed before the knowledge are lost ever. This study was conducted to record and conserve the traditional knowledge of botanical taxa in Korea from 2006 to 2014. According to the survey results, derived from 17,328 sheets of 1,771 residents at 868 places, the ethnobotanical plants in Korea consisted of a total 924 taxa; 130 families, 493 genera, 813 species, 7 subspecies, 92 varieties and 12 form. Of them, herbs were 619 taxa (67.0%) and woody plants were 305 taxa (33.0%). 707 taxa (76.5%) out of 924 taxa grow wild, 44 taxa (4.8%) were cultivated wild species, 145 taxa (15.7%) were introduced for cultivation, and 28 taxa (3.0%) were naturalized plants. The analysis of usage for 924 taxa showed that the edible use was the highest with 58.9%, followed by medicinal with 26.9%, material with 3.7% and ornamental with 2.3%, respectively. The leaf of plant was the most useful part, followed by stem and root. Quantitative analysis of the ethnobotanical plants in Korea was performed by the basic values of FC, NU and UR, and indices of CI, RFC, RI and CV. As a result, The CI place Artemisia princeps in first position, followed by Aster scaber, Kalopanax septemlobus. The RFC place A. scaber in first position, followed by A. princeps, Aralia elata. The RI place A. princeps in first position, followed by Pinus densiflora, Morus alba. The CV place A. princeps in first position, followed by P. densiflora, K. septemlobus.

Effect of Defatted Soy flour on the Bread Making Properties of Wheat flour (탈지 대두분 첨가가 제빵 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Yoo Yang-Ja;Chang Hak-Gil;Choi Young-Sim
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.21 no.3 s.87
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    • pp.301-310
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    • 2005
  • The effects of defatted soy flour on the physicochemical characteristics of dough and bread making properties were studied. Defatted soy flour is added to wheat flour for bread-making in order to maximize the use of isoflavones in the soybean. Different particle sizes of both defatted soy flour and wheat flour were prepared by grinding and sievingwith meshes. In the mixograph test, the addition of defatted soy flour to wheat flour increased the requirement for water and decreased the dough development time. Water absorption rates were also investigated to determine the optimum quantity of water for good dough. As the level of defatted soy flour mixed with wheat flour increased, the sedimentation and P.K. values decreased. In comparison with control, the bread made with defatted soy flour especially had a lower specific loaf volume. Specific loaf volume of wheat flour-defatted soy flour bread prepared (Ed- this is an incomplete sentence, it's only a subject clause, and I don't how what you intend to state). In terms of the staling rate and hardness of the wheat flour-defatted soy flour bread, the increased defatted soy flour had a faster staling rate during storage at 5? than at 25? for 5days. From the result of sensory evaluation, wheat flour-defatted soy flour breads containing up to $4\%$ defatted soy flour were rated as being of high quality.

Comparison of Food Component between Conger eel (Conger myriaster) and Sea eel (Muraenesox cinereus) as a Sliced Raw Fish Meat (생선회로서 붕장어 (Conger myriaster) 및 갯장어 (Muraenesox cinereus)의 식품성분 비교)

  • KIM Jin-Soo;OH Kwang-Soo;LEE Jung-Suck
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.678-684
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    • 2001
  • In Korea, the conger eel, Conger myriaster and sea eel, Muraenesox cinereus have been eaten as a sliced raw ash meat for a long time. This study was carried out to compare the food component and sensory differences of the conger eel and sea eel as a sliced raw fish meat. The yield and ash content of conger eel were slightly higher than those of sea eel, and no significant differences in moisture, crude protein and crude lipid. The major fatty acids of conger eel were 16:0 ($19.9\%$), 18 : 1n-9 ($36.1\%$) and 22: 6n-3 ($8.3\%$), while those of sea eel were 16:0 ($24.0\%$), 16: 1n-7 ($12.1\%$) and 18:1n-9 ($21.9\%$), The contents of (n-3)-fatty acids were low in all of the two samples. The contents of total amino acid in the conger eel and sea eel were 19,147.2 mg/100 g and 18,527.1 mg/100 g, respectively. The major amino acids of two samples were aspartic acid, glutamic acid and lysine. The chemical score in protein of conger eel was higher about $6\%$ than that of sea eel, and the Ca and P contents of conger eel were also higher than those of sea eel. Although the nutritional value of conger eel as a sliced raw fish meat was generally higher than that of sea eel, the sensory scores in taste and texture of conger eel were lower than those of sea eel.

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Comparison of screw-in effect of three NiTi file systems used by undergraduates (학생들이 사용한 세 종류 NiTi file systems의 screw-in effect 비교)

  • Oh, Seung-Hei;Park, Jeong-Kil;Hur, Bock;Kim, Hyeon-Cheol
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.477-484
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    • 2006
  • The purposes of this study were to compare the apical terminus width of simulated curved root canal prepared with three NiTi file systems used by undergraduates for evaluation the effects of flute angle and pitch or radial land on reducing screw-in effect and to determine more safe NiTi file system for inexperienced operators. Fifty inexperienced undergraduate students prepared 150 simulated curved root canals in resin blocks with three NiTi file systems ; ProFile$^{(R)}$, Hero Shaper$^{(R)}$, K3$^{TM}$. The electric motor set at a speed of 300 rpm and torque of 30 in a 16 : 1 reduction handpiece was used. The simulated root canal was prepared to ISO #25 sizes with each file system. The scanned images of pre- and post-instrumented canal of resin block were superimposed. To evaluate the screw-in effect of three NiTi file systems, apical terminus width of root canal was measured from superimposed images and statistical analysis was performed. There were significant differences in three NiTi flle systems. ProFile$^{(R)}$ had significantly smaller width than Hero Shaper$^{(R)}$ and K3$^{TM}$"" (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between K3$^{TM}$ and Hero Shaper$^{(R)}$. Under the condition of this study, active file system (Hero SHaper$^{(R)}$, K3$^{TM}$) with variable pitch and helical angle had more screw-in effect than passive file system (ProFile$^{(R)}$) with constant pitch and helical angle. It seems that the radial lands play more important role in reducing screw-in effect.

Changes in Quality of Lettuce During Storage by Immersion-Type Hydrocooling (침지식 냉수냉각에 의한 상치의 저장중 품질변화)

  • Jeong, Jin-Woong;Kim, Byeong-Sam;Kim, Oni-Woung;Nahmgung, Bae;Park, Kee-Jai
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.537-545
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    • 1995
  • Quality changes of lettuce were studied during storage to investigate the efficiency, cooling properties and the washing and storage effects of immersion-type hydrocooling. As a result of plotting the nondimensionalized lettuce temperature versus cooling time, its cooling rate coefficient was shown to be $-0.365\;min^{-1}{\sim}-0.255\;min^{-1}\;(R^2=0.99{\sim}0.88)$. Rate of weight loss was not significantly (p>0.05) different between lettuces with various treatment conditions during storage at $5^{\circ}C$. However, during storage at $15^{\circ}C$, weight loss of hydrocooled lettuce was lower than that of non-treated lettuce after from 10 to 15 days. Especially, The lettuce packed with PE was more effective than that packed with try in terms of packing condition after hydrocooling. Lettuce pretreated with sterilizing agent, packed with PE vinyl film, removed residual water after hydrocooling had lower decaying rate than any other lettuces. Changes of L and b values in hydrocooled lettuce were slower than those of non-treated one. During changes of chlorophyll content, the initial value, $115.7{\sim}147.3\;mg%$ was decreased to $50{\sim}60%$ after 25 days of storage at $5^{\circ}C$ and within 15 days of storage at $15^{\circ}C$. It could be presumed that the addition of sterilizing agent reduced the initial level of overall total and coliform count and its growth rate during storage. The respiration rate of hydrocooled lettuce at $5^{\circ}C$ was $23.95\;mg{\cdot}CO_2/kg\;hr$, which is 10% of those of non-treated lettuce.

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