• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.431-434
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• 2012

The paper reviews properties of hypothesis decision approaches using rejection region and significance probability. The study also presents the guidelines for quality practioners to implement most useful hypothesis testing techniques such as RR(Rejection Region) approach and P-Value approach.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.1025-1031
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• 2017

We prove the uniqueness of solutions for the boundary value problem of certain nonlinear elliptic operators in the setting: Given any continuous function f on the p-harmonic boundary of a complete Riemannian manifold, there exists a unique solution of certain nonlinear elliptic operators, which is a limit of a sequence of solutions of the operators with finite energy in the sense of supremum norm, on the manifold taking the same boundary value at each p-harmonic boundary as that of f.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.4 no.1_2
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• pp.27-34
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• 1989

This work was carried out to investigate the pollution of heavy metals and pH in soil, collected from the 156 sampling sites in 1987. 1. In the average contents of Cd, the highest value was 0.40 mg/kg in the Outskirt of Seoul area, the lowest value was 0.11 mg/kg in the Greenbelt area, and 0.21∼0.39 mg/kg in the other areas. 2. In the average contents of Cu, the highest value was 32.50 mg/kg in the Motorway area, the lowest value was 2.96 mg/kg in the Greenbelt area, and 9.53∼24.41 mg/kg in the other areas. 3. In the average contents of As, the highest value was 1.32 mg/kg in the Reclamated waste area, the lowest value was 0.31 mg/kg in the Greenbelt area, and 0.93∼1.32 mg/kg in the other areas. 4. In the average contents of Zn, the highest value was 27.33 mg/kg in the Center of city area, the lowest value was 9.97 mg/kg in the Greenbelt area, and 12.47∼25.23 mg/kg in the other areas. 5. In the average contents of Pb, the highest value was 125.25 mg/kg in the Motorway area, the lowest value was 12.99 mg/kg in the Farming area, and 17.01∼77.71 mg/kg in the other areas. 6. In the average contents of pH, the highest value was pH 7.08 in the Motorway area, the lowest value was pH 4.14 in the Greenbelt area, and pH 5.67～7.04 in the other areas. 7. The order of the distribution of heavy metals was Pb>Zn>Cu>As>Cd. There was significanthy correlation between Cd-Zn, Pb-Zn, Cu-Cd, Pb-Cu and Pb-Cd (p<0.01).

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare degrees of asthenopia in after wearing of dispensed reading glasses with different criterion of P.D. Methods: The person who has minus near correction power (distance correction value (-)) is compared to the degree of asthenopia by wearing of dispensed reading glasses with near P.D(-B) and distance P.D. The person who has plus near correction power is compared to degree of asthenopia by wearing of dispensed reading glasses with near P.D-B, distance P.D, near P.D-A. The "Near-P.D-A" means reduced optical centre distance of reading glasses of positive correction value at which the same effect of prism B.O through near visual point in distance glasses exist at near visual point in reading glasses. Results: When near correction value is (-), dispensed reading glasses with distance P.D have caused less asthenopia than dispensed glasses with near P.D-B. When the near correction value is (+), we cannot confirm that which P.D is more useful for reading glasses. As a result of this study, dispensed reading glasses with near P.D-A have caused less asthenopia than another criterion of P.D. Conclusion: The effect of prism B.I through a near visual point in distance glasses ((-) correction value) reduce convergence demand. Therefore (-) correction value-reading glasses support convergence in near vision, because the effect of prism B.I of reading glasses is smaller than that of distance glasses. When the near correction value is (+), centration points can be determined by one of near P.D-A, near P.D-B, distance P.D.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.179-184
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• 1967

The polarograms of Cd(II) in 0.15M tartrate solution were investigated in the range of pH values from 6.0 to 12.6 at 20$^{\circ}and 25$^{\circ}C. Up to pH value of 7.8, the limiting current and the halfwave potential were found to be constant, and when compared with the nitrate solution of the same $Cd^{++}$ concentration at the same ionic strength, the limiting current decreased by 28% and the halfwave potential shifted by -0.05 volt. The values of limiting current sharply decreased as the pH value exceeded 8.2 and the minimum values appeared at the pH values of 11.2~11.4. The values of halfwave potential gradually decreased as the pH value increased over 8.2 and the value of -0.78 volt was obtained at the pH value of 12.6. Possible mechanisms of electrode reaction were suggested and the anomalous behavior of reduction waves of Cd(II) in tartrate solution up to pH value of 9.4 was discussed.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.731-740
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• 2003

Schervish(1996) and Lavine and Schervish(1999) have shown that the classical P-values and the Bayes factors fail to achieve the so-called coherence property, respectively. In this paper, we propose a new type of Bayesian P-value, namely the type LR Bayesian P-value, satisfying the coherence property. The proposed Bayesian P-values are very easy to use with since they are simple functions of likelihood ratio. Their performances are discussed and compared with those of other methods under several situations.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1195-1201
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• 2009

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary alpha-lipoic acid (LA) on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality in Arbor Acres broilers. A total of 240 1-d-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments (0, 300 ppm, 600 ppm, and 900 ppm dietary LA supplementation, respectively). Birds were slaughtered at 42 days old. Live body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), average feed intake (AFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), dressing percentage, breast muscle percentage, thigh muscle percentage, abdominal fat percentage, muscle color (L*, a*, b*), pH values at 24 h postmortem, meat shear force value (SFV) and anti-oxidative ability were measured. Results showed that addition of 600 ppm or 900 ppm LA decreased BW (p<0.01), ADG (p<0.01) and AFI (p<0.05) compared with other diets. FCR was not affected by dietary LA content. LA had no marked effect on dressing percentage, breast muscle percentage or thigh muscle percentage. Abdominal fat percentage was lower (p<0.05) in the 900 ppm LA supplementation group than the control group. Dietary 900 ppm LA increased (p<0.05) breast and thigh muscle pH value at 24 h postmortem compared with the control treatment. Dietary LA increased thigh muscle a* value, though no significant difference was found in thigh muscle a* value among the treatments. Dietary LA significantly decreased breast muscle L* value (p<0.05), breast muscle b* value (p<0.01) and thigh muscle b* value (p<0.05). Broilers fed LA had higher breast muscle a* value (p<0.05) and thigh muscle L* value (p<0.05). All test groups had lower (p<0.05) breast muscle SFV than the control group. Dietary 600 ppm or 900 ppm LA both decreased (p<0.01) thigh muscle SFV compared with the control treatment. Dietary 900 ppm LA significantly increased (p<0.05) TAOC, SOD and GSHPx compared with no LA treatment. Broilers fed LA had lower (p<0.01) MDA compared with the control treatment. These results suggested that dietary LA enhanced the anti-oxidative ability and oxidative stability, and contributed to the improvement of meat quality in broilers.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.10 no.1_2
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• pp.36-40
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• 1967

1. The effect of the pH value on P32 absorption of leaves of three forest trees under the water culture is investigated. 2. The degree of the P32 absorption to the pH value is quite different in each forest tree. 3. The phosphorus contents are proved higher in the leaves of Quercus accutissima(the saw shaped oak) than in the leaves of Pinus densiflora(the red pine) and Lespedeza bicolar (bush clover). 4. Larger contents of phosphorus are found in acidity plots than in alkalinity. The leaves of treated plot of the pH 4 (red pine), of the pH 5.0 (bush clover), and of the pH 5.0-6.5 (saw shaped oak) have a higher nutrient capital as indicated by P32 compared with that of the other pH values. 5. It is also noticed that P32 absorption capacity is decreased with the higher pH values. 6. The content of P of leaves shows the lowest value in the plot of the pH 6.5 (pine), of the pH 7.5(bush clover), and of the pH 9.0(saw shaped oak). It is also noticed that the red pine is to do very well in acid cultivation and then follow bush clover and saw shaped oak in the order.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.81-89
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• 1984

To examine the moisture adsorption and permeability characteristics, weathered granite soils of different degrees of weathering, cultivated upland soils and sands of Han-river were sampled. The results are as follows: 1. In case that the mother rock was same, the pF values under same moisture content decreased according as the grain size of soil became finer by the weathering process. 2. In case that the mother rock was different, the pF value varied by the behavior of clay minerals, and the cultivated upland soils showed more sensitive reaction than sands and fresh granite soils. 3. The pF value changed by the difference of primary moisture content and also influenced by soil structure, testing method and etc. 4. The pF value and compaction curve had close relation, however under same moisture content, the pF value decreased by the increment of density. 5. The permeability depend on the available void ratio between the soil particles according to the degree of weathering, and the pF value of available void water between the soil particles which related directly to permeability was about 3.3 except the void water holded in the soil particles. 6. As the above, the pF value and permeability were differentiated by degree of weathering, primary moisture content, density and etc. Therefore it is considered unreasonable to define uniformly by soil texture.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2018

In this study, the traditional takju was manufactured using the finger root, which was recognized as a health functional ingredient, and analyzed the physicochemical and sensory quality characteristics according to the period of fermentation. The pH was significantly low(p<0.05) in all samples until the second day of fermentation, and the pH tended to increase again from the third day of fermentation. The pH value was decreased as the amount of finger root was decreased(p<0.05). The acidity of takju was significantly lower at 0.17~0.21 immediately after fermentation(p<0.05). The acidity of FR0 showed significantly the highest value(p<0.05). The sugar content of takju was significantly increased in all the samples until the 2nd day of fermentation(p<0.05). On the 7th day, it showed the lowest value at $11.01{\sim}12.63^{\circ}Brix$. The sugar content of FR0 was significantly lowest value(p<0.05). The alcohol content of takju was significantly increased as the fermentation proceeded, and the highest value was 11.90~13.50% at 7 days(p<0.05). The alcohol content of RF0 was significantly higher than other samples(p<0.05). As a result of organic acid analysis of finger root takju fermented for 7 days, citric acid(3.35%) showed the highest content of FR3(p<0.05). The content of fructose increased with increasing finger root amount (p<0.05). As a result of sensory evaluation of finger root takju, FR1 and FR2 samples tended to be lower in score than FR0, and FR3 showed the highest score. The overall acceptance value of FR0 was 7.5 and FR3 was 7.57.