• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.2070-2075
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• 2004

Performance of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) can be enhanced by converting thermal energy of its high temperature exhaust gas to mechanical power using a micro gas turbine (MGT). A MGT plays also an important role to pressurize and warm up inlet gas streams of the SOFC. In this study, the influence of performance characteristics of the tubular SOFC on the hybrid power system is discussed. For this purpose, detailed heat and mass transfer with reforming and electrochemical reactions in the SOFC are mathematically modeled, and their results are reflected to the performance analysis. The analysis target is 220kWe SOFC/MGT hybrid system based on the tubular SOFC developed by Siemens-Westinghouse. Special attention is paid to the ohmic losses in the tubular SOFC counting not only current flow in radial direction, but also current flow in circumferential direction through the anode and cathode.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2008

Pyroprocessing is the optimal means of treating spent metal fuels from metal fast fuel reactors and is proposed as a potential option for GNEP in order to meet the requirements of the next generation fuel cycle. Currently, efforts for research and development are being made not only in the U.S., but also in Asian countries. Electrorefining, cathode processing by distillation, injection casting for fuel fabrication, and waste treatment must be verified by the use of genuine materials, and the engineering scale model of each device must be developed for commercial deployment. Pyroprocessing can be effectively extended to treat oxide fuels by applying an electrochemical reduction, for which various kinds of oxides are examined. A typical morphology change was observed following the electrochemical reduction, while the product composition was estimated through the process flow diagram. The products include much stronger radiation emitter than pure typical LWR Pu or weapon-grade Pu. Nevertheless, institutional measures are unavoidable to ensure proliferation-proof plant operations. The safeguard concept of a pyroprocessing plant was compared with that of a PUREX plant. The pyroprocessing is better adapted for a collocation system positioned with some reactors and a single processing facility rather than for a centralized reprocessing unit with a large scale throughput.

• KIEE International Transactions on Electrophysics and Applications
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• 제5C권3호
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• pp.119-123
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• 2005

Lithium titanium oxide as anode material for energy storage prepared by novel synthesis method. Li$_{4}$Ti$_{5}$O$_{12}$ based spinel-framework structures are of great interest material for lithium-ion batteries. We describe here Li$_{4}$Ti$_{5}$O$_{12}$ a zero-strain insertion material was prepared by novel sol-gel method and by high energy ball milling (HEBM) of precursor to from nanocrystalline phases. According to the X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis, uniformly distributed Li$_{4}$ Ti$_{5}$O$_{12}$ particles with grain sizes of 100nm were synthesized. Lithium cells, consisting of Li$_{4}$ Ti$_{5}$O$_{12}$ anode and lithium cathode showed the 173 mAh/g in the range of 1.0 $\~$ 3.0 V. Furthermore, the crystalline structure of Li$_{4}$ Ti$_{5}$O$_{12}$ didn't transform during the lithium intercalation and deintercalation process.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.8
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• pp.46-46
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• 2007

There has been rapid progress in the portable electronics industry. which has led to a great increase for a demand of portable, lightweight power sources. Lithium 2'nd batteries have met these demand. and many studies on the cahtod materials for the lithium 2,nd batteries have been reported during the last decade. Possible candidates for the cathode materials for lithium 2,nd batteries are $LiCoO_2$, $LiNiO_2$, and $LiMn_2O_4$. Currently $LiCoO_2$ is widely used. but $LiMn_2O_4$ is an excellent alternative material in view of its several advantages such a low cost as well as the wasy availability of raw materials and environmental benignity. In this study, find the most suitable synthesis method that satisfied high capacitor and stability cycle character, etc in Li-Mn oxide for 2'nd batteries. And also made an experiment on doping the $LiMn_2O_4$ spinel with a small amount of metal ions has a remarkable effect on the electrochemical properties and characterics of powder, BET, PSA, Porosity, etc.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.347-360
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• 2021

Currently, the demand for eco-friendly energy sources is high, which has prompted research on polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Both aluminum alloys and nickel alloys, which are commonly considered as materials of bipolar plates in fuel cells, oxide layers formed on the metal surface have excellent corrosion resistance. In this research, the electrochemical characteristics of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and Inconel 600 were investigated with chloride concentrations in an acid environment that simulated the cathode condition of the PEMFC. After potentiodynamic polarization experiments, Tafel analysis and surface analysis were performed. Inconel 600 presented remarkably good corrosion resistance under all test conditions. The corrosion current density of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy was significantly higher than that of Inconel 600 under all test conditions. Also, 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and Inconel 600 presented uniform corrosion and intergranular corrosion, respectively. The Ni, Cr, and Fe, which are the main chemical compositions of Inconel 600, are higher than Al in the electromotive force series. And a double oxide film of NiO-Cr₂O₃, which is more stable than Al₂O₃, is formed. Thus, the corrosion resistance of Inconel 600 is better.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2007

IT-SOFC(중저온형 고체산화물 연료전지)의 공기극으로 적합한 PSCF3737의 물질 특성을 파악하고 그 특성을 이용하여 낮은 ASR을 갖기 위한 소결 온도 및 두께 최적화에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 분말 사이즈 및 상형성을 고려할 때 GNP 방법으로 합성된 분말의 하소 온도는 $1000^{\circ}C$가 적합함을 알 수 있었다. 산소 분압에 따른 ASR 변화 실험을 통하여 PSCF3737의 저항 성분을 전극 자체의 특성과 관련된 중간 주파수 대역(${\sim}10^2Hz$)과 산소의 확산에 영향 받는 낮은 주파수 대역(${\sim}10^{-1}Hz$) 2가지로 분류할 수 있었다. 공기극의 특성 실험을 통하여 소결 온도는 $1200^{\circ}C$가 가장 적합하며 공기극의 두께는 2번 스크린 프린팅 된 $27\;{\mu}m$가 가장 적합함을 알 수 있었다. 이를 토대로 EIS 측정을 하면 $700^{\circ}C$에서 $0.115\;{\Omega}cm^2$의 낮은 ASR값을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.31.1-31.1
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• 2009

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are attractive material because of their superior electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties. Furthermore, their geometric features such as a large aspect ratio and a small radius of curvature at tip make them ideal for low-voltage field emission devices including backlight units of liquid crystal display, lighting lamps, X-ray source, microwave amplifiers, electron microscopes, etc. In field emission devices for display applications, the phosphor anode is positioned against the CNT emitters. In most case, light generated from the phosphor by electron bombardment passes through the anode front plate to reach observers. However, light is produced in a narrow depth of the surface of the phosphor layer because phosphor particles are big as much as several micrometers, which means that it is necessary to transmit through the phosphor layer. Hence, a drop of light intensity is unavoidable during this process. In this study, we fabricated a transparent cathode back plate by depositing an ultra-thin film of single walled CNTs (SWCNTs) on an indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrate. Two types of phosphor anode plates were employed to our transparent cathode back plate: One is an ITO glass substrate with a phosphor layer and the other is a Cr-coated glass substrate with phosphor layer. For the former case, light was radiated from both the front and the back sides, where luminance on the back was ~30% higher than that on the front in our experiments. For the other case, however, light was emitted only from the cathode back side as the Cr layer on the anode glass rolled as a reflecting mirror, improving the light luminance as much as ~60% compared with that on the front of one. This study seems to be discussed about the morphologies and field emission characteristics of CNT emitters according to the experimental parameters in fabricating the lamps emitting light on the both sides or only on the cathode back side. The experimental procedures are as follows. First, a CNT aqueous solution was prepared by ultrasonically dispersing purified SWCNTs in deionized water with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). A milliliter or even several tens of micro-liters of CNT solution was deposited onto a porous alumina membrane through vacuum filtration. Thereafter, the alumina membrane was solvated with the 3 M NaOH solution and the floating CNT film was easily transferred to an ITO glass substrate. It is required for CNT film to make standing CNTs up to serve as electron emitter through an adhesive roller activation.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.156-162
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 리튬전지 내 양극 재료로서 리튬-철계 산화물의 응용가능성을 모색하기 위하여 여러 제조방법에 따라 변화되는 전기화학적 특성을 고찰하고자 하였다. 철산화물에 대한 기본적인 양극 전기화학적 특성을 관찰하기 위해 철판, 철분말을 산화시켜 제작한 전극과 FeOOH 분말로 제작한 전극을 전류전위 순환실험을 실행하였다. 그 결과 철판과 FeOOH분말 전극의 경우 거의 리튬 층간의 산화-환원 반응이 일어나지 않음을 알 수 있었으며 철 분말의 산화물 전극에서는 리튬이온의 환원반응 피크는 보이나 산화반응은 거의 관찰되지 않았다. 또한 출발 물질 $FeCl_3-6H_2O,\;NaOH.\;LiOH$를 혼합하여 저온으로 가열하여 층상의 $LiFeO_2$를 합성하였으며, 출발 물질의 조성비를 바꾸어 그 영향을 조사하였다. 그 결과 NaOH의 첨가량이 증가할수록 전극의 용량과 효율은 감소하나 용량의 감소율은 작아짐을 알 수 있었다. $NaOH/FeCl_3/LiOH$의 몰 비를 2/1/7로 조성하여 합성하였을 때 가장 큰 용량을 보였으나 효율은 30회 순환 후 급격히 감소하였다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.267-271
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• 2004

우레아 가수분해법을 이용하여 리튬이차전지용 $LiCoO_2$ 양극 분말을 합성하였다. Li/Co 몰비가 다르고 가수분해에 의해 얻어진 전구체는 다양한 온도에서 열처리되었다. 저온상 $LiCoO_2(LT-LiCoO_2)$와 고온상 $LiCoO_2(HT-LiCoO_2)$는 $500^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 열처리 후 합성되었고, 저온상에서 고온상으로 상전이는 $700^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 완전히 일어났다. 열처리 온도가 증가함에 따라 $LiCoO_2$의 층상구조가 잘 발달하였다. 충방전 실험결과 Li/Co의 몰비가 1.2이고 $800^{\circ}C$에서 열처리한 $LiCoO_2$의 초기용량이 152 mAh/g으로 높았으며, 40회 충.방전 후에는 9.2%의 용량감소를 나타내는 상대적으로 안정한 충방전 특성을 나타내었다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2006

Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD) was applied to fabricate a thin film YSZ electrolyte with large area on the porous NiO-YSZ anode substrate. Microstructural and thermal stability of the as-deposited electrolyte film was investigated via SEM and XRD analysis. In order to obtain an optimized YSZ film with high stability, both temperature and surface roughness of substrate were varied. A structurally homogeneous YSZ film with large area of $12\times12\;cm^2$ and high thermal stability up to $900^{\circ}C$ was fabricated at the substrate temperature of $T_s/T_m$ higher than 0.4. The smoother surface was proved to give the better film quality. Precise control of heating and cooling rate of the anode substrate was necessary to obtain a very dense YSZ electrolyte with high thermal stability, which affords to survive after post heat treatment for fabrication a cathode layer on it as well as after long time operation of solid oxide fuel cell at high temperature.