• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.177-181
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• 2004

Antidiabetic treatment with tubers of Asparagus racemosus (Liliaceae) extract (l00 and 250 mg/kg body weight) for three weeks showed significant reduction in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and glutathione reductase (GSH-R) in both liver and kidney. The treatment with A. racemosus significantly altered the glutathione (GSH) and GSH-R to be comparable with the control group. A. racemosus and glibenclamide treated rats showed decreased lipid peroxidation that is associated with increased activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT). The ability of A. racemosus on tissue lipid per oxidation and antioxidant status in diabetic animals has not been studied before. The result of this study thus shows that though, A. racemosus possesses moderate antidiabetic activity, but it exhibits potent antioxidant potential in diabetic conditions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.1262-1265
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• 2006

The present study was undertaken to analyze the status of erythrocytic malonyl dialdehyde (MDA) as an index of lipid peroxidation in normal cycling and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol supplemented anestrus buffalo heifers. Before supplementation, the blood samples were collected at weekly interval in anestrus and normal cycling buffalo heifers and data from four samples was pooled to establish pre-supplementation base line. Thereafter, the blood samples from anestrus and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol supplemented anestrus buffalo heifers were taken at fortnightly interval for 12 weeks during supplementation and for four weeks during the post-supplementation period. The pre-supplementation endogenous erythrocytic MDA, 0.3% $H_2O_2$ induced-erythrocytic MDA and 1.5% $H_2O_2$ induced-erythrocytic MDA levels (nmol/g Hb) increased significantly (p<0.05) in anestrus heifers ($372.3{\pm}5.0$, $564.4{\pm}5.7$, $862.4{\pm}8.5$) when compared to normal cycling animals ($289.6{\pm}3.0$, $508.2{\pm}6.0$, $777.7{\pm}4.9$). Oral supplementation of 3,000 mg of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol per week per animal in anestrus heifers resulted in a progressive and significant (p<0.01) decline in erythrocytic MDA levels. These observations implied that supplementation of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol to anestrus buffalo heifers ameliorated their antioxidant status by alleviating the effects of oxidative stress.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2020

Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) can be induced by an intracellular calcium increase and oxidative stress, which are characteristic features of temporal lobe epilepsy. Thus, we investigated the spatiotemporal expression and cellular localization of RCAN1 protein and mRNA in the mouse hippocampus after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE). Male C57BL/6 mice were given pilocarpine hydrochloride (280 mg/kg, i.p.) and allowed to develop 2 h of SE. Then the animals were given diazepam (10 mg/kg, i.p.) to stop the seizures and sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, 14, or 28 day after SE. Cresyl violet staining showed that pilocarpine-induced SE resulted in cell death in the CA1 and CA3 subfields of the hippocampus from 3 day after SE. RCAN1 immunoreactivity showed that RCAN1 was mainly expressed in neurons in the shammanipulated hippocampi. At 1 day after SE, RCAN1 expression became detected in hippocampal neuropils. However, RCAN1 signals were markedly enhanced in cells with stellate morphology at 3 and 7 day after SE, which were confirmed to be reactive astrocytes, but not microglia by double immunofluorescence. In addition, realtime reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction showed a significant upregulation of RCAN1 isoform 4 (RCAN1-4) mRNA in the SE-induced hippocampi. Finally, in situ hybridization with immunohistochemistry revealed astrocytic expression of RCAN1-4 after SE. These results demonstrate astrocytic upregulation of RCAN1 and RCAN1-4 in the mouse hippocampus in the acute and subacute phases of epileptogenesis, providing foundational information for the potential role of RCAN1 in reactive astrocytes during epileptogenesis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권9호
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• pp.933-941
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• 2003

It has been suggested that green juice supplementation may have some health promoting benefits. We evaluated the effects of green juice (Angelica keiskei) consumption on parameters of lipid profiles and plasma antioxidant status in healthy male smokers. Fifty-four smokers were supplemented with 300 ml of green juice for 6 weeks while maintaining their normal diet. Blood samples were collected on week 0 and week 6 in order to evaluate plasma lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol) , plasma antioxidant vitamin levels (ascorbic acid, $\alpha$ -tocopherol, ${\gamma}$ -tocopherol, $\alpha$ -carotene, $\beta$ -carotene, cryptoxanthin and lycopene) , the degree of LDL oxidation and GOT, GPT levels for liver function. Plasma ascorbic acid level remained at the same level. However, $\alpha$ -tocopherol and ${\gamma}$ -tocopherol normalized by total cholesterol (p <0.05) and $\beta$ -carotene (p <0.001) level were all significantly increased after green juice supplementation. Plasma cholesterol was reduced for 12%, LDL-cholesterol was reduced for 9.3% after green juice consumption, while plasma triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol was not changed. Oxidized LDL assessed by conjugated diene (CD) , was decreased (p < 0.0001) after green juice consumption. These results further support a role for green juice supplementation in the improvement of lipid status, prevention of lipid peroxidation, and thereby reducing risk factors of numerous diseases associated with elevated oxidative stress in smokers.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1153-1158
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of Lactobacillus plantarum ZLP001 and its effects on growth performance and antioxidant status in weaning piglets. The survival in hydrogen peroxide and free radical-scavenging activity of Lactobacillus plantarum ZLP001 were analysed in vitro. The Lactobacillus plantarum ZLP001 showed high viability in 1.0 mmol/L hydrogen peroxide and high scavenging ability against hydroxyl, superoxide anion, and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radicals which was dose dependent. Ninety-six weaning piglets were selected ($7.45{\pm}0.79kg$) and divided into three groups comprising of negative control without any supplementation, treatment group with supplemented $6.8{\times}10^7$ Lactobacillus plantarum ZLP001 CFU/g of diet, and positive control with antibiotic treatment (chlorotetracycline, 80 mg/kg diet). The results showed that Lactobacillus plantarum ZLP001 supplementation enhanced feed conversion rates in piglets compared with control (p<0.05). Supplementation of Lactobacillus plantarum ZLP001 increased the concentration of superoxide dismutase (p<0.05), glutathione peroxidase (p<0.01) and catalase in serum (p<0.10), while decreased the concentration of malondialdehyde (p<0.05). The present study implies that the strain Lactobacillus plantarum ZLP001 had high antioxidant ability and its supplementation improved the growth performance and antioxidant status of weaning piglets, so it can be considered useful to alleviate oxidative stress and increase productive performance of pigs.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.338-347
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• 2001

Cigarette smoking has a negative effect for nutrient intakes and nutritional status of antioxidant nutrients including vitamin C. This study has been performed to compare the dietary nutrient intakes, serum vitamin C concentration and serum cotinine concentration of smoking teenage girls(n=104) with those of non-smoking teenage girls(n=791). The subjects were 895 high school girls(15-19 years of age) living in a rural community in Korea. Of the subjects, 11.6% stated that they were currently smoking. The frequency of taking alcohol, soda and coffee was higher in smokers than in non-smokers, respectively. The usage rate of vitamin/mineral supplements was higher in smokers than in non-smokers. The smokers tended to skip breakfast and lunch and to take snack more often than did the non-smokers. The dietary intakes of calorie, protein, vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, calcium and iron were lower in smokers than in non-smokers. Daily mean intakes of these nutrients were less than the 2/3 of the Korean RDAs in smokers while these intakes were similar to or more than the RDAs in non-smokers. The ratio of under weight or lean tended to be higher in smokers. Serum vitamin C concentration was lower in smokers than in non-smokers. These findings show that smokers have unsound eating habits and poor nutirtional status. In particular, nutritional status of vitamin C is significantly poor in smokers, and this tendency can be found more notably in heavy smokers. Therefore, oxidative stress may be present in young teenage girls with short smoking history as evidence by above results. (Korean J Nutrition 34(3) : 338∼347, 2001)

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.257-264
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• 1999

This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between the life style and the nutritional status of serum antioxidant vitamins and lipids in university male and female students. 48 male and 49 female students attending Andong university, aged between 18 and 25 years, were selected. Questions about the life styles including dietary intakes, food habits, smoking, drinking alcohol, exercise, stress were answered. And serum levels of antioxidant vitamins and lipids were determined. Average serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL C, HDL C, and triglyceride in male and female subjects were 158.6$\pm$32.7, 177.3$\pm$33.8; 86.4$\pm$26.0, 109.0$\pm$31.2; 46.0$\pm$10.7, 49.9$\pm$12.4; 131.2$\pm$22.5, 91.7$\pm$ 38.6mg/dl respectively. Average serum levels of antioxidant vitamin A, E and C in male and female subjects were 42.6$\pm$12.3, 31.4$\pm$9.8 g/dl, 1.11$\pm$0.38, 1.15$\pm$0.29mg/dl and 164.66 $\pm$65.01, 220.06$\pm$80.11 g/dl respectively. There was no significant difference between smoking habits and either serum lipids or antioxidant vitamins level. The serum vitamin C level of drinkers was significantly lower(p=0.038), but serum lipids(total cholesterol, LDL C, and triglyceride) were higher than non alcoholic subjects. The subjects with severe stress had lower in HDL C and higher in atherogenic index than others. This result indicates that oxidative stress may be increased in stressful environment from undesirable life styles and influence the status of serum lipid and antioxidant vitamins.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.652-661
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• 2021

Objective: Wooden breast (WB) is a novel myopathy affecting modern broiler chickens, which causes substantial economic losses in the poultry industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of WB abnormality on meat quality, redox status, as well as the expression of genes of the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Methods: A total of 80 broilers (Ross 308, 42 days of age, about 2.6 kg body weight) raised at Jiujin farm (Suqian, Jiangsu, China) were used. Twelve unaffected (no detectable hardness of the breast area) and twelve WB-affected (diffuse remarkable hardness in the breast muscle) birds were selected from the commercial broiler farm according to the criteria proposed by previous studies. Results: The results indicated that WB showed histological lesions characterized by fiber degeneration and fibrosis, along with an increase of muscle fiber diameter (p<0.05). Moreover, higher pH value, lightness, yellowness, drip loss and cooking loss were observed in the WB group (p<0.05). Compared with the normal breast (NOR) group, the WB group showed higher formation of reactive oxygen species (p<0.05), increased level of oxidation products and antioxidant activities (p<0.05), accompanied with mitochondrial damages and lower mitochondrial membrane potential (p<0.05). Meanwhile, the relative mRNA expressions of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant genes including heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H qui none dehydrogenase 1, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and glutamate-cysteine ligase were higher than those of the NOR group (p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, WB myopathy impairs meat quality by causing oxidative damages and mitochondrial dysfunction in broilers, even though the activated Nrf2/antioxidant response element pathway provides protection for the birds.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

Objectives: By the end of the 2000s, the economic situation in many European countries started to deteriorate, generating financial uncertainty, social insecurity and worse health status. The aim of the present study was to investigate how the recent financial crisis has affected the lifestyle health determinants and behaviours of older adults living in the Mediterranean islands. Methods: From 2005 to 2015, a population-based, multi-stage convenience sampling method was used to voluntarily enrol 2749 older adults (50% men) from 20 Mediterranean islands and the rural area of the Mani peninsula. Lifestyle status was evaluated as the cumulative score of four components (range, 0 to 6), that is, smoking habits, diet quality (MedDietScore), depression status (Geriatric Depression Scale) and physical activity. Results: Older Mediterranean people enrolled in the study from 2009 onwards showed social isolation and increased smoking, were more prone to depressive symptoms, and adopted less healthy dietary habits, as compared to their counterparts participating earlier in the study (p<0.05), irrespective of age, gender, several clinical characteristics, or socioeconomic status of the participants (an almost 50% adjusted increase in the lifestyle score from before 2009 to after 2009, p<0.001). Conclusions: A shift towards less healthy behaviours was noticeable after the economic crisis had commenced. Public health interventions should focus on older adults, particularly of lower socioeconomic levels, in order to effectively reduce the burden of cardiometabolic disease at the population level.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2019

Effects on glutathione-related antioxidant parameters were examined after a chronic exposure of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus to dietary 4-tert-octylphenol (4-tert-OP). Fish were fed diets containing 4-tert-OP at 0, 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg diet for 6 weeks. Antioxidant parameters examined were reduced glutathione (GSH) contents and enzyme activities of glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in tissue homogenates of the liver, kidney and gill. It was observed that all parameters examined increased although there were some differences in dose responses and temporal patterns in the increase. GSH contents increased after exposure to 4-tert-OP in the three organs examined. However, the GSH increase was evident only after 4 weeks in the liver whereas it was elevated after 2 weeks in the kidney and gill. GR activity exhibited a significant increase in response to 4-tert-OP at 1 mg/kg in all three organs, however, its activity returned to control levels when exposed to 5 and 10 mg/kg. Hepatic GST activity showed an earlier increase at week 2 in contrast to the kidney and gill where they increased after 4 weeks of 4-tert-OP exposure. Temporal patterns in GPx activity changes to 4-tert-OP exposure were dissimilar among the organs: hepatic activity increased from week 2 through week 6; renal activity increased transiently at week 2; gill levels were higher through weeks 4 - 6. The results suggest that elevation of several GSH-related antioxidant parameters can be considered as evaluation criteria for 4-tert-OP-induced oxidative stress in a fish.