• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.189-202
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• 2010

Although e-Finance has become more and more prevalent in everyday life, with the development of information technology, further development of e-Finance and commercial transactions has been limited. Therefore it is important for financial institutions to be aware of the significance of e-Finance risk and take appropriate actions. And an effective risk management function relies on a well-defined organization structure to eliminate gaps and minimize overlaps in risk management duties, responsibilities, and authorities. It defines and assigns risk management responsibilities, authorities, and accountabilities to appropriate personnel. The adequate organization of the risk management function is very important in the success of risk management.

• BMB Reports
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.219-224
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• 2013

The cell-fate specification of the anchor cell (AC) and a ventral uterine precursor cell (VU) in Caenorhabditis elegans is initiated by a stochastic interaction between LIN-12/Notch receptor and LAG-2/Delta ligand in two neighboring Z1.ppp and Z4.aaa cells. Both cells express lin-12 and lag-2 before specification, and a small difference in LIN-12 activity leads to the exclusive expressions of lin-12 in VU and lag-2 in the AC, through a feedback mechanism of unknown nature. Here we show that the expression pattern of lag-1/CSL, a transcriptional repressor itself that turns into an activator upon binding of the intracellular domain of Notch, overlaps with that of lin-12. Site-directed mutagenesis of LAG-1 binding sites in lag-1 maintains its expression in the AC, and eliminates it in the VU. Thus, AC/VU cell-fate specification appears to involve direct regulation of lag-1 expression by the LAG-1 protein, activating its transcription in VU cells, but repressing it in the AC.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.43-62
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• 2017

Mobile pulse scanning Light Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) are essential components of intelligent vehicles capable of autonomous travel. Obstacle detection functions of autonomous vehicles require very low failure rates. With the increasing number of autonomous vehicles equipped with scanning LIDARs to detect and avoid obstacles and navigate safely through the environment, the probability of mutual interference becomes an important issue. The reception of foreign laser pulses can lead to problems such as ghost targets or a reduced signal-to-noise ratio. This paper will show the probability that any two scanning LIDARs will interfere mutually by considering spatial and temporal overlaps. We have conducted four experiments to investigate the occurrence of the mutual interference between scanning LIDARs. These four experimental results introduced the effects of mutual interference and indicated that the interference has spatial and temporal locality. It is hard to ignore consecutive mutual interference on the same line or the same angle because it is possible the real object not noise or error. It may make serious faults because the obstacle detection functions of autonomous vehicle rely on heavily the scanning LIDAR.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.79-87
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose contents sharing model for consolidating distributed collaboration environments. We provide the combined model by integrating different features-scalable resolution display walls resource, sharing contents on local and remote, multi-user interaction, and access control. There is a benefit that every user can interact within an environment, but overlaps would occur because of multi-user interaction. To manage overlap issue, the model includes access control. Access control would interfere flow of work process. Therefore, we conduct user study to evaluate these two factors of the model. The result shows that the proposed contents sharing model makes it possible to concentrate in a work.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.97-106
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• 1996

One of the main problems in evaluating complex objects, such as an ill-defined system, is how to treat ambiguous aspect of the evaluation. Due to the Complexity and ambiguity of the objects, many types of evaluation attributes should be identified based on the rational dsision. One of these attributes is an analytical hierarchy process (AHP). the weight of evaluation attribtes in AHP however comes from the probability measure based on the additivity. Therefore, it is notapplicable to the objects which have the property of non-additivity. In the previous studies by other researchers they intriduced the Hierarchical Fuzzy Integral method or mergd AHP and fuzzy measure for the analysis of the overlaps among the evaluation objects. But, they need more anlyses in terms of transformation of the probability measure into fuzzy measure which fits for the additivity and overlapping coefficient which affects to the fuzzy measure. Considering these matters, this paper deals that, ⅰ) clarifying the relation between the fuzzy and probability measure adopted in AHP, ii) calculating directly the family of fuzzy measure from the overlapping coefficient and probability measure. A simple algorithm for the calculation of fuzzy measures and set family of those from the above results is also proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm developed by applying this to the problems for estimation of safety in ship berthing and for evaluation of ports in competition is verified. This implied that the new algoritnm gives better description of the system evaluation.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39C no.11
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• pp.1124-1131
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• 2014

The chirp spread spectrum (CSS) technique that transmits data signal by using a chirp signal is often used for maritime wireless communication systems such as sound detection radar systems for submarines. However, maritime multipath environment could reduce the data rate of the CSS system. To tackle the problem, an overlap-based CSS transmission scheme is proposed and analyzed in this paper: Based on the approximated Gaussian Q function, we derive a closed form expression of the bit error rate (BER) of the proposed overlap-based CSS system and investigate the mathematical relationship between the number of overlaps and the intersymbol interference (ISI).

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.578-587
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• 2012

One of the key elements in the emerging, packet-based long term evolution (LTE) cellular systems is the deployment of multiple femtocells for the improvement of coverage and data rate. However, arbitrary overlaps in the coverage of these femtocells make the handover operation more complex and challenging. As the existing handover strategy of LTE systems considers only carrier to interference plus noise ratio (CINR), it often suffers from resource constraints in the target femtocell, thereby leading to handover failure. In this paper, we propose a new efficient, multi-objective handover solution for LTE cellular systems. The proposed solution considers multiple parameters like signal strength and available bandwidth in the selection of the optimal target cell. This results in a significant increase in the handover success rate, thereby reducing the blocking of handover and new sessions. The overall handover process is modeled and analyzed by a three-dimensional Markov chain. The analytical results for the major performance metrics closely resemble the simulation results. The simulation results show that the proposed multi-objective handover offers considerable improvement in the session blocking rates, session queuing delay, handover latency, and goodput during handover.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.72-79
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• 2019

The automated demand response (DR) program encourages consumers to participate in grid operation by reducing power consumption or deferring electricity usage at peak time automatically. However, successful deployment of the automated DR program sphere needs careful assessment of appliances load profile (ALP). To this end, the recent method estimates frequency, consistency, and peak time consumption parameters of the daily ALP to compute their potential score to be involved in the DR event. Nonetheless, as the daily ALP is subject to varying with respect to the DR time ALP, the existing method could lead to an inappropriate estimation; in such a case, inappropriate appliances would be selected at the automated DR operation that effected a consumer comfort level. To address this challenge, we propose a more proper method, in which all the three parameters are calculated using ALP that overlaps with DR time, not the total daily profile. Furthermore, evaluation of our method using two public residential electricity consumption data sets, i.e., REDD and REFIT, shows that our energy management systems (EMS) could properly match a DR target. A more optimal selection of appliances for the DR event achieves a power consumption decreasing target with minimum comfort level reduction. We believe that our approach could prevent the loss of both utility and consumers. It helps the successful automated DR deployment by maintaining the consumers' willingness to participate in the program.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2014.04a
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• pp.788-791
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• 2014

IoT (Internet of Things)는 사물들 (Things)이 각자의 판단에 의해 협업을 하는 시스템이다. 미래의 IoT 기술은 우리의 일상생활뿐만 아니라 전반적으로 영향력이 강해질 것 이다. 하지만 아직 우리가 추구하는 IoT시대에 접어들기 위해서는 사물간 통신을 하는데 있어 발생되는 여러 문제들이 해결되지 않았다. 예를 들면 통신 프로토콜은 어떠한 것을 사용해야 하는지와 같은 것들이다. IoT에서 센서 (Sensor)가 센싱 (Sensing)을 하는 것, 통신을 하는 것, 일을 처리하는 것은 모두 이벤트에 해당된다. 이벤트는 "어떤 상태의 변화에 의해 상황이 변하는 것"[2]을 말한다. 이러한 이벤트는 순서에 따라 시간관계가 생기게 된다. 이러한 이벤트의 시간관계와 기존에 시간 간격에 대한 논문을 접목하여 본 논문에서 새로운 이벤트 시간 관계를 정의하고 그에 대한 성질을 식별했다. 그 결과 7가지의 시간 성질 (AFTER, MEETS, EQUALS, BEFORE, OVERLAPS, STARTS, FINISHES)[3]을 가지고 상호 적용하여 새로운 성질들을 식별했다. 이 성질들을 이용하면 향후 시간과 관련된 이벤트를 식별하고 활용이 가능하다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.2107-2115
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• 2007

In this paper, the scan conversion processor which converts the triangle represented by three vertices into pixel-level screen coordinates, depth coordinate, and color data is designed. The processor adopts scan-line algorithm which decomposes triangle into horizontal spans and then transforms the span into pixel data. By supporting top-left filling convention, it ensures that triangles that share an edge do not produce any dropouts or overlaps between adjacent polygons. It consists of about 21,400 gates and its maximum operating frequency is about 80 Mhz under 0.35um CMOS technology. Because its maximum pixel rate is about 80 Mpixels/sec, it can be applicable to mobile graphics application.