• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.95-107
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• 2020

The failures of the agricultural reservoirs that most have more than 50 years, have increased due to the abnormal weather and localized heavy rains. There are many studies on the prediction of damage from reservoir collapse, however, these referenced studies focused on evaluating reservoir collapse as single unit and applyed to one and two dimensional hydrodynamic model to identify the fluid flow. This study is to estimate failure probability of spillway, sliding, bearing capacity and overflowing targeting small and medium scale agricultural reservoirs. In addition, we calculate failure probability by complex mode. Moreover, we predict downstream flood damage by reservoir failure applying three dimensional hydrodynamic model. When the reservoir destroyed, the results are as follows; (1) the flow of fluid proceeds to same stream direction and to a lower slope by potential and kinetic energy; (2) The predicted damage in downstream is evaluated that damage due to building destruction is the highest.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.102-106
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• 2012

This paper was carried out to survey fire hazard and improvement at the drain pump in air-conditioners. Based on the results of analysis, the proposal of electrical accidents prevention and a construction improvement are as follows. A power connection of the drain pump has two types, an electrical outlet type and direct connection type at control board of air-conditioner. The electrical outlet types need a bulletin sign or education as malfunction of the drain pump include an additional accidents, current leakage and overflowing with water on the floor from breaker trip by exterior cause and breaker off by mistake of worker. On the other hand, the direct connection types prevent a power interruption as exterior cause, but it has some trouble, cut of ground cable and without protection device. Usually it doesn't work by electrician when air-conditioner and the drain pump power work. Therefore an education or countermeasures are recommended for not electrician. Generally malfunction of the drain pump causes accumulated materials into the tank. Even though the accumulated materials lead to an overheating and burning as failure of detector occur an idling, periodic inspection of the air-conditioner filter and the drain pump tank prevent the trouble.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.419-439
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• 2014

In this study, the structural performance of a seven span masonry arch bridge was evaluated. Investigations were performed on Aspendos (Belkis) Masonry Arch Bridge which was located on road of Aspendos Acropolis City in Antalya, Turkey. The old bridge was constructed in the early of fourth century AD, but it was exposed to the earthquakes in this region and the overloading by the river water. The old bridge was severely damaged and collapsed by probably an earthquake many years ago and a new bridge was then reconstructed on the remains of this old bridge by Seljuk in the 13th century. The bridge has also been affected from overflowing especially in the spring of each year, so some protective measures should be taken for this monumental bridge. Therefore, the structural performance under these loading has to be known. For this purpose, an initial finite element model was developed for the bridge and it was calibrated according to ambient vibration test results. After that, it was analyzed for different load cases such as dead, live, earthquake and overflow. Three load combinations were taken into account by deriving from these load cases. The displacements and the stresses for these combination cases were attained and compared with each other. The structural performance of Aspendos Masonry Arch Bridge was determined by considering the demand-capacity ratio for the tensile stress of the mortar used in Aspendos Masonry Arch Bridge. After these investigations, some concluding remarks and offers were presented at the end of this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.134-140
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• 2018

Scour in the downstream of hydraulic structures such as apron induces to collapse due to abruptly increasing rainfall and discharge in streams and reaches. This is because the forcible jet from overflowing is not sufficiently dissipated by existing energy dissipators, and it continues to sweep the bed materials during flood events. In this study, a second stilling basin was proposed as a countermeasure and the energy dissipation efficiency of this structure was analyzed using 3D-dimensional numerical analysis. First, results from previous research and hydraulic tests were used to verify the accuracy of the numerical model. It showed that the second stilling basin played a definite role in reducing the bottom velocity, comparing with diminishing the energy dissipation when numerical tests were conducted under scaled field conditions in Korea. This means that the second stilling basin can be a countermeasure against scour in downstream. If more efficiency analysis of the second stilling basin would be performed in terms of energy dissipator for various types of hydraulic jump, it would be an alternative solution to scouring issues.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.166-169
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• 2006

Our country's coast is vulnerable area to natural disaster which the repetitive damages occur every year including a loss of lives, the damage of facilities and erosion mostly except for the east coast because of a typhoon, tidal waves, sea water overflowing by topographic structure of low-lying gentle slope and shallow sea. However, as for prevention of natural disaster occurring every year, the situation is that it's centered on the restorationcentered measures and the general disaster prevention research to minimize damages at the time of disaster occurrence is insufficient. This study intendedlop t to devehe techniques possible for real time sampling of damage prediction areas on Web in order to support decision making for damage prevention and establishment of disaster prevention policy. For this, the thematic map was produced related to disaster based on high-resolution satellite picture, and the environmental DB similar to real world was constructed through topographic construction of three-dimension integrating the parts of land and the sea. In addition, the system was developed possible for the expression of damageable regions by real time grasp of dangerous regions at the time of disaster occurrence through over flowing simulation of three-dimension, and it's intended to prepare a basis to minimize damages to disaster situations through it.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.337-342
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• 2001

A natural disaster occupies a considerable part among various damages, and the damage of human lifes and property by heavy rain extends to hundreds, and billions in every you. In old times, flood was mainly occurred in big river or sudden slope, but these days, the damage of concentrated heavy rain is being extended to a city. Recently, very big floods occurred continuously, so real time submersion expectation system which can expect the inundation boundary according to the scale is needed so as to protect lifes and property. In this study, in and around Jungrang river, where the damage of flood is big, is chosen as a sample, and the submersion of that area is expected by analyzing the flux and overflowing using DEM, and connecting with Web GIS in real time.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.333-335
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• 2010

Global warming gas caused an increase in a direct and indirect problems like the rising sea level, seawater overflowing and a coastal flooding. The loss and damage of the republic of korea are increasing because of the rising sea level. As a result, It is necessary to establish the foundation of the monitoring of the sea level changes for the flooding prevention. A new measurement technique is developed using GPS equipped ship to make up for the spatial-temporal and economical problems by this study. We compared the data using GPS with the value for height of the tide. And we corrected the errors using the more accurate data that we studied. In addition to we studied that the corrected value had statistical significance and similarity compared with the observed value using GPS. The following studies also performed : When the observed value of tide by a tide observatory and by using GPS are applied to sounding ; How the values of the water depth are being, and if the values are similar, whether the observed value of tide using GPS is valid or not.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.137-163
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• 2001

From ancient times to Ching Dynasty, we studied the causes and oriental prescriptions of purpura for 23 oriental medical records. The results were obtained as follows ; 1. Purpura is a disease that raises the purplish speckle or speckle mass on the skin by blood overflowing between flesh and skin and belongs to speckle occurrence(Balban, 發斑) or blood symptom(Hyeoljeong, 血證). 2. At ancient times, purpura named Balban(發斑), Banjin(斑疹), Yin-yang dok(陰陽毒), Podoyeok(葡萄疫) and Bansa etc. 3. In oriental carse of purpura, Insufficient symptoms are gastric energy insufficiency and groundless frame, and Sufficient symptoms are heat-evil in stomach, blood heat, season's improper energy, yin-evil height and wind-heat with phlegm. 4. At oriental prescriptions on purpura, Insufficient symptom used Hwabantang(化斑湯) mostly, the next Hyunsam-seugmatang(玄蔘升麻湯), Jojungtang(調中湯), Seogakcheongdaeeum(犀角靑黛飮), Heuknowhan(黑奴丸) and Sufficient symptom used Jojungikgitang(調中益氣湯), Wibitang(胃脾湯), Daegeonjungtang(大建中湯), Hwanggi-geonjungtang etc. much. 5. The medicines for external use for purpura were Mil(蜜), Seungma(升麻t), Mangcho-jeodamjeup(芒硝猪膽汁), Geongal(乾葛), Seontae(蟬退), Chongbaek and Gangjeup(薑汁) etc., pregnant woman used jeongjeoni(井底泥). 6. The order of medicines were Seungma(升麻), Hwanggi, Insam(人蔘), Seokgo(石膏), Seogak(犀角), Hyunsam(玄蔘) and Chija(梔子) ect.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.86-93
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• 2008

The construction of ontology defines as complicated semantic relations needs precise and expert skills. For the well defined ontology in real applications, plenty of information of instances for ontology classes is very critical. In this study, crawling algorithm which extracts the fittest topic from the Web overflowing over by a great number of documents has been focused and developed. Proposed crawling algorithm made a progress to gather documents at high speed by extracting topic-specific Link using URL patterns. And topic fitness of Link block text has been represented by fuzzy sets which will improve a precision of the focused crawler.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society Of Semiconductor Equipment Technology
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.117-119
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• 2002

A semiconductor cleaning technology has been based upon RCA cleaning which consumes vast amounts of chemicals and ultra pure water. This technology hence gives rise to many environmental issues, and some alternatives such as electrolyzed water are being studied. In this work, intentionally contaminated Si wafers were cleaned using the electrolyzed water. The electrolyzed waters were obtained in anode and cathode with oxidation reduction potentials and pH of -1050mV and 4.8, and -750mV and 10.0, respectively. The electrolyzed water deterioration was correlated with $CO_2$ concentration changes dissolved from air. Overflowing of electrolyzed water during cleaning particles resulted in the same cleanness as could be obtained with RCA clean. The roughness of patterned wafer surfaces after EW clean maintained that of as-received wafers. RCA clean consumed about $9\ell$ chemicals, while electrolyzed water clean did only $400m\ell$ HCl or $600m\ell$ $NH_4$Cl to clean 8" wafers in this study. It was hence concluded that electrolyzed water cleaning technology would be very effective for releasing environment, safety, and health(ESH) issues in the next generation semiconductor manufacturing.ring.