• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.195-202
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• 1999

Purpose : We peformed this study to evaluate the prognostic factors and the effect of induction chemotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods : A retrospective analysis was done for 130 patients with locally advanced NSCLC treated with curative radiotherapy alone or induction chemo-radiotherapy from January 1986 to October 1996. Eighty-five patients were treated with radiotherapy alone, forty-five with induction chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Age, sex, performance status, histopathologic type, and stage were evenly distributed in both groups. The patients were treated with 6 MV or 10 MV X-ray. Conventional fractionation with daily fraction size 1$.8\~2.0$ Gy was done. Of the patients, 129 patients received total dose above 59.6 Gy ($56\~66$ Gy, median 60 Gy). Induction chemotherapy regimen were CAP (Cyclo-phosphamide, Adriamycin, Cisplatin) in 6 patients, MVP (Mitomycin, Vinblastine, Cisplatin) in 9 patients, MIC (Mitomycin, Ifosfamide Cisplatin) in 13 patients, and EP (Etoposide, Cisplatin) in 17 patients. Chemotherapy was done in $2\~5$ cycles (median 2). Results : Overall 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rate (YSR) for all patients were $41.5\%,{\;}13.7\%,{\;}and{\;}7\%$, respectively (median survival time 11 months). According to treatment modality, median survival time, overall 1-, 2-, and 3-YSR were 9 months, $32.9\%,{\;}10.\5%,{\;}6\%$ for radiotherapy alone group, and 14 months, $57.8\%,{\;}20\%,{\;}7.6\%$ for induction chemotherapy group, respectively (f=0.0005). Complete response (CR) to overall treatments was $25\%$ (21/84) in radiotherapy alone and $40.5\%$ (17/42) in induction chemotherapy group (p=0.09). The Prognostic factors affecting overall survival were hemoglobin level (p=0.04), NSE (neuron-specific enolase) level (p=0.004), and respense to overall treatment(p=0.004). According to treatment modalities, NSE (neuron-specific enolase) (p=0.006) and response to overall treatment (p=0.003) were associated with overall survival in radiotherapy alone group, and response to overall treatment (p=0.007) in induction chemotherapy group. The failure Pattern analysis revealed no significant difference between treatment modalities. But, in patients with CR to overall treatment, distant metastasis were found in 11/19 patients with radiotherapy alone, and 3/13 patients with induction chemotherapy and radiotherapy (p=0.07). Locoregional failure patterns were not different between two groups (10/19 vs 6/13). Conclusion : Induction chemotherapy and radiotherapy achieved increased 2YSR compared to radiotherapy alone, At least in CR patients, there was decreased tendency in distant metastasis with induction chemotherapy. But, locoregional failures and long-term survival were not improved. Thus, there is need of more effort to increasing local control and further decreasing distant metastasis.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.73-80
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• 2018

Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) is a new treatment delivery technique that decreases overall treatment time by using higher fractional doses than conventional fractionation. Here, a quantitative analysis study of CyberKnife-based APBI was performed on 10 patients with left-sided breast cancer who had already finished conventional treatment at the Inha University Hospital. Dosimetric parameters for four kinds of treatment plans (3D-CRT, IMRT, VMAT, and CyberKnife) were analyzed and compared with constraints in the NSABP B39/RTOG 0413 protocol and a published CyberKnife-based APBI study. For the 10 patients recruited in this study, all the dosimetric parameters, including target coverage and doses to normal structures, met the NSABP B39/RTOG 0413 protocol. Compared with other treatment plans, a more conformal dose to the target and better dose sparing of critical structures were observed in CyberKnife plans. Accelerated partial breast irradiation via CyberKnife is a suitable treatment delivery technique for partial breast irradiation and offers improvements over external beam APBI techniques.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.79-107
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• 2023

Objectives : This study aims to improve the diagnosis and treatment of contemporary insomnia by examining Zhang Jiebin's discussion on treating insomnia. Methods : The classical texts from the 'Insomnia' chapter of the Jingyue Quanshu were examined threefold in terms of symptom, treatment, and prescription analysis, after which the treatment discussion part was examined within the historical context of discussions on insomnia in major medical texts starting from the Huangdineijing. Results : According to Zhang, the cause of insomnia could be divided into two, after which criteria for diagnosis and treatment were set as excess pathogen and vital qi deficiency. He argued that insomnia could be naturally resolved through improvement of various pathogenic situations. Discussions on insomnia from various medical texts since the Huangdineijing suggest that pathology related to psychological function and emotions gradually increased and expanded over time. Conclusions : Zhang's discussion on symptom, treatment and prescriptions of insomnia suggests a new framework that could improve treatment effects through a Korean Medical Mind-Body approach, rather than the contemporary classification of organic insomnia and non-organic insomnia.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 2023

Perioperative treatment with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has proven clinical benefits in terms of achieving a higher overall survival (OS) rate. With its success in the palliative treatment of NSCLC, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has now become an essential component of treatment, even as neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy in patients with operable NSCLC. Both pre- and post-surgery ICB applications have proven clinical efficacy in preventing disease recurrence. In addition, neoadjuvant ICB combined with cytotoxic chemotherapy has shown a significantly higher rate of pathologic regression of viable tumors compared with cytotoxic chemotherapy alone. To confirm this, an early signal of OS benefit has been shown in a selected population, with programmed death ligand 1 expression ≥50%. Furthermore, applying ICB both pre- and post-surgery enhances its clinical benefits, as is currently under evaluation in ongoing phase III trials. Simultaneously, as the number of available perioperative treatment options increases, the variables to be considered for making treatment decisions become more complex. Thus, the role of a multidisciplinary team-based treatment approach has not been fully emphasized. This review presents up-to-date pivotal data that lead to practical changes in managing resectable NSCLC. From the medical oncologist's perspective, it is time to dance with surgeons to decide on the sequence of systemic treatment, particularly the ICB-based approach, accompanying surgery for operable NSCLC.

• Journal of Breast Cancer
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.425-432
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• 2018

Purpose: Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is rare, and its cause and prognosis are not well known. Additionally, treatment is limited with respect to the risk to the fetus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics and treatment trends of PABC and the survival rate according to the treatment. Methods: In the Korean Breast Cancer Society Registry database, women younger than 50 years and who were diagnosed with breast cancer from 1996 to 2015 were included. PABC was defined as breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy or within 1 year after delivery. Results: We examined 411 patients with PABC and 83,381 patients with non-PABC. Over time, the proportions of patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy increased, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy administration rates also increased. In the past, the overall survival of patients with PABC was poorer than that of patients with non-PABC, but there was no difference in overall survival rates in more recent years. There was no difference in overall survival rates between patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-2.49; p=0.459), but PABC conferred poorer prognosis than non-PABC in patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.27-2.08; p<0.001). Conclusion: There was no difference in the prognosis between patients with PABC and those with non-PABC receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The increase in neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to current treatment guidelines is expected to improve the survival rate of patients with PABC.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.73-77
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• 2021

As the big data analysis technologies has been developed worldwide, the importance of asset management for electric power facilities based data analysis is increasing. It is essential to secure quality of data that will determine the performance of the RISK evaluation algorithm for asset management. To improve reliability of asset management, asset data must be preprocessed. In particular, the process of cleaning dirty data is required, and it is also urgent to develop an algorithm to reduce time and improve accuracy for data treatment. In this paper, the result of the development of an automatic cleaning algorithm specialized in overhead transmission asset data is presented. A data cleaning algorithm was developed to enable data clean by analyzing quality and overall pattern of raw data.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.179-184
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• 2021

Two types of secondary hardening martensitic steels, 10Co-14Ni and 6Co-5Ni, were produced by vacuum induction melting to investigate the effect of ausforming process on mechanical properties. According to the results of present study, the alloy samples ausformed at low temperature indicated a rather low hardness level in overall aging time despite the refinement of martensite lath width. As the result can closely be related with the presence of primary carbides precipitated within the initial austenite matrix, we confirmed that, in ultrahigh strength secondary hardening martensitic alloy steels, the ausforming process can rather limit the degree of secondary hardening during the subsequent aging treatment.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1135-1138
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• 2022

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of sipjeondaebo-tang by-product powder on the growth performance of broilers. A total of 120 broiler chicks (Arbor acres) at 0 days old were assigned to one of two treatments with three replications: control and 1% sipjeondaebo-tang by-product powder. Weight gain at 3 weeks and feed intake at 5 weeks were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by the sipjeondaebo-tang by-product powder treatments. However, there were no significant differences in the feed conversion ratio between treatments as a function of treatment time (p>0.05). Overall, weight gain and the feed conversion ratio were slightly greater for the sipjeondaebo-tang by-product powder treatment than the control treatment. It was concluded that sipjeondaebo-tang by-product powder may be an appropriate source of feed additive, without any negative effects on the growth performance of the broilers.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.140-146
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• 2001

In clinical setting, treatment-refractoriness, medication induced tardive dyskinesia and amenorrhea in chronic schizophrenia are frequently problematic. However, there are few guideline solving these problem available to clinicians. The goal of this study was collecting clinical data on clinical effectiveness and predictors of response of switching to olanzapine. We attempted to switch to olanzapine from risperidone and clozapine in chronic 31(risperidone 17, clozapine 14) schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder patients suffering from sustained symptoms, weekly blood monitoring, medication induced tardive dyskinesia and amenorrhea. Previous antipsychotics dosage was gradually decreased for 2 or 3weeks, at the same time olanzapine dosage was gradually increased. At baseline, after 1 week, after 2 weeks and after 4 weeks we checked Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Clinical Global Impression Scale, Sympson-Angus Rating Scale, Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale and followed up after 12 months. Successful switch after 4 weeks was achieved in 25 patients(clozapine 9(64.2%), risperidone 16(94.1%)). Overall, mean BPRS and CGI scores increased significantly. Successful maintenance after 12 months was achieved in 17 patients(clozapine 5(35.7%), risperidone 12(70.5%)). Overall, mean BPRS and CGI scores increased significantly too. Switching to olanzapine from other atypical antipsychotics is recommendable in chronic schizophrenia with treatment refractoriness and drug induced side effect.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.359-370
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• 1994

The reconstruction of major head and neck defects must be an integral part of the overall cancer treatment plan. The priorities of surgical treatment of head and neck tumor are 1) local tumor control, 2) relief of pain, 3) avoidance of difficult dressing, 4) provision of oral continence, and 5) ability to swallow and manage saliva. The recent advances in reconstructive surgery including the development of musculocutaneous flaps and microvascular free tissue transfer have allowed the surgical restoration of head and neck tumor defects that previously were not possible. These techniques have provided the opportunity to undertake larger, more aggressive resection while at the same time permitting functional rehabilitation. The timing of reconstruction demands on the nature of the resection, the ability of the ablative and reconstructive teams to coordinate efforts, the overall health of the patients, the patient's needs and wishes. So, we report to emphasize current methods for restoring major head and neck tumor defects after tumor ablation, reviewing for the reconstructive operations, postoperative complications, and postoperative sequelae etc, of patients from Jan, 1990 to Dec, 1993.