• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.160-170
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• 1990

A new approximation method is proposed for the ARL of CUSUM chart which is based on the log probability ratio statistic. This method uses the condition of before-stopping time to derive the expectation of excess over boundaries. The proposed method is compared to some other approximation methods in normal and exponential cases.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.117-130
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• 2021

The Korean society is transforming into the intelligence information society rapidly during the 4th industrial revolution. But middle aged and elderly people are hard to access and accept these changes. So, the purpose of this study is to examine the Intelligence information society factors affects life satisfaction among the elderly by moderating effect of on/offline social capital. This study analyzed data of 2,303 people between the ages over 50 from the 2018 Digital Divide Survey conducted by the National Information Society Agency (NIA) using SPSS26.0. The result showed that sex, age, education, household type, Intelligence information society perception, expectation, anxiety are significantly effected life satisfaction. Also on/offline social capital had moderating effect between intelligence information society and life satisfaction. Based on the results of this study proviedes a basis for developing a success model for elderly people who accepts the intelligence information society. Also, this study identifies the implications and future studies are suggested.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.237-251
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• 2004

The main purpose of this study was to examine the relations between maternal parenting, mother-adolescent conflict, and middle adolescents' self-esteem with a sample of 271 high school students enrolled in 2nd year at high school in Seoul, and their mothers. Data was analysed using correlations and regression analyses. Maternal affection, monitoring and reasoning were positively related with and maternal physical abuse and neglect were negatively related with adolescent self-esteem. Maternal over-expectation and intrusiveness were not related with adolescent self-esteem in boys, but were negatively related with adolescent self-esteem in girls. In both adolescents' and mothers' report, mother-adolescent conflict was related negatively with adolescent self-esteem. In mothers' report, mother-adolescent conflict was not related with adolescent self-esteem in boys, but was negatively related with adolescent self-esteem in girls. In adolescents' report, maternal affection, monitoring and reasoning were negatively related with mother-adolescent conflict, which maternal over-expectation, intrusiveness, neglect, and physical abuse were positively related with mother-adolescent conflict. In mothers' report, maternal affection, monitoring and reasoning were negatively related with mother-adolescent conflict. Mediating roles of mother-adolescent conflict in relation of maternal parenting and adolescent self-esteem were examined. In adolescents' report, mother-adolescent conflict perceived by male adolescents played a mediating role between maternal monitoring, reasoning and physical abuse, representatively, and adolescent self-esteem. And mother-adolescent conflict perceived by female adolescents played a mediating role between maternal parenting with the expectation of maternal affection and adolescent self-esteem. In mothers' report, mother-adolescent conflict perceived by mothers only played mediating role between maternal monitoring and adolescent self-esteem. So, mediating roles of mother-adolescent conflict were more emphasized in the adolescents' report than in the mothers' report. Therefore, the fact that maternal parenting except affection affects the adolescent self-esteem indirectly through mother-adolescent conflict can be found. Implying that maternal affection is crucial in implying positive self-esteem of adolescents.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2010

본 연구는 임플란트에 대한 지식 및 기대도를 조사하여 효과적인 환자상담과 정확한 임플란트 정보를 제공하고자 2008년 3월 23일 부터 2008년 6월 5일까지 서울, 경기, 인천지역에 소재한 치과 병(의)원에 내원하고 있는 의료소비자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고 수집한 자료는 t-test와 One-way ANOVA 분석, Pearson 상관분석을 수행하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 임플란트에 대한 인지여부는 84.7%가 예라고 대답했으며, 인지경로는 주위소개가 26.7%로 가장 많았다. 임플란트에 대한 전반적인 지식정도는 조금 알고 있다가 34.1%로 가장 많았고 적당한 임플란트 가격은 100만원 미만이 47.6%로 가장 높게 조사되었다. 임플란트 가격이 비싼 이유는 33.3%가 보편화 되어 있지 않아서라고 대답했으며, 치료를 원하는 임플란트 시술병원으로는 임플란트 전문병원이 58.5%로 가장 많았고 치료 시 선택기준은 치과의사의 시술능력이 57.7%이었으며, 임플란트 수명은 5년 이상 -10년 미만이 25.4%, 10년 이상-15년 미만이 25.4%로 가장 많았다. 2. 임플란트 시술에 대한 지식을 분석한 결과 최대값이 4.06, 최소값이 3.05로 나타났다. 각 영역별로 살펴보면, 임플란트 시술 후 정기검진이 필요하다는 의견이 4.06으로 가장 높았으며, 임플란트 수명에 담배가 영향을 준다는 의견이 3.82, 임플란트 시술시 통증이 심할 것이라는 견해가 3.79, 임플란트 성공률이 90% 이상이라고 생각한다는 의견이 3.26 순으로 낮게 나타났다. 3. 임플란트 시술에 대한 기대도를 살펴보면 최대값이 4.42, 최소값이 2.62로 나타났다. 각 영역별로 살펴보면, '임플란트 시술능력이 중요하다'는 의견이 4.42로 가장 높았으며, '임플란트 재료의 종류가 중요하다'는 의견이 4.04, '임플란트가 틀니보다 좋다'는 의견 3.99, '임틀란트가 브릿지 보다 좋다'는 견해가 3.78 순으로 높게 나타났다. 4. 일반적 특성에 따른 임플란트 지식과 기대도 차이를 분석한 결과 성별에 있어서 지식정도는 여자가 3.41점, 남자가 3.30점으로 남자보다 여자가 지식의 대한 정도가 높아 유의한 차이가 있었으며 직업에 있어서의 지식정도는 전문직이 3.55점으로 가장 높았으며, 기대도에 있어서는 전문직이 3.31점으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 5. 임플란트에 대한 지식과 기대도 변인 간의 상호 관련성을 분석한 결과 임플란트 지식과 기대도에 대한 상관계수는(r)는 0.362로서 양(+)의 상호관련성이 있는 것으로 분석되었다(p<.01). 위와 같은 결과를 볼때 임플란트에 대한 지식과 기대도는 상호 관련성이 있으며, 임플란트 지식이 기대도 측면에서 중요함을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.464-476
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to measure patient satisfaction with hosptial foodservices, and thereby identify areas for improvement and provides basic data for the introduction of total quality management into hospital foodservice in the Taegu·Kyungpook area. This survey was carried out on 676 hospitalized patients in 11 hospitals with over 200 beds to determine the quality satisfaction with foodservices. The subjects were 62.4% male and 37.6% female. Sixty-two percent of the subjects were over age 40, 46.7% were only educated to middle school or below, 41.8% were hospitalized for 1 - 10 days. Eighty-seven precent of the subjects did not receive any nutrition education. The expectation and perception grid showed that the high expectation to the low perception items were the seasoning of the meals, taste of the meals, and prompt dealings with meal complaints. The quality satisfaction values of all the attributes indicated a minus. The unsatisfied quality attributes were the opportunity to meet with a dietitian, seasoning of the meals, taste of the meals, explanation of the meals, and prompt dealings with meal complaints. Among the demographic characteristics, age, education, length of admission, and experience with nutrition education produced significant differences in the quality satisfaction scores. In conclusion, it would seem to be desirable that hospital foodservice department introduce selective menus, hygiene education for foodservice employees, standard recipes, quality assurance, and increase the meal rounding of dietitians in the patient foodservice.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2003

Purposes : The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation among Expectations, Performance-Perception, Willingness of reuse of hospital. Methods : The subjects of this study were 120 patients who were admitted in the hospitals over 1 week in Pusan. The data was collected by self-reporting questionnaires from Oct. 16th, to Nov. 5th, 2001. The data were analysed by SPSS/PC package using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results : The results were as follows; 1) The mean score of Expectation was 3 and over. The highest item was 'equal treatment' and the lowest was 'safety in transaction'. 2) The mean score of Performance-Perception was 4 and under. The highest item was 'nurse' attractive appearance' and the lowest was 'equal treatment', 'kindness and etiquette'. 3) The mean score of Willingness of reuse was 3.11. 4) There was a statistical significance of the difference between Expectations and Performance-Perception. The highest difference item was 'equal treatment', and then the lowest difference item was 'working environment arrangement/order'. 5) There were statistically significant positive correlation among Expectations, Performance-Perception, and Willingness of reuse. The highest correlation was 0.89 between Performance-Perception and Willingness of reuse. Conclusions : Nursing managers have to develop nurse training programs for improving of patient's performance perception on nursing service.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2009

In this paper, the performance of AP(Alternating Projection) and EM(Expectation Maximization) algorithms is investigated in terms of detection of multiple signals, resolvability of coherent signals and the efficiency of sensor array processing. The basic idea of these algorithms is utilization of relaxation technique of successive 1D maximization to solve a direction finding problem by maximizing the multidimensional likelihood function. It means that the function is maximized over only for a single parameter while the other parameters are fixed at each step of the iteration. According to simulation results, the algorithms showed good performance for both incoherent and coherent multiple signals. Moreover, some advantages are identified for direction finding with very small samples and fast convergence. The performance of AP algorithm is compared with that of EM using multiple criteria such as the number of sensor, SNR, the number of samples, and convergence speed over uniform circular array. It is resulted AP algorithm is superior to EM overally except for one criterion, convergence speed. Especially, for EM algorithm there is no performance difference between incoherent and coherent case. In conclusion, AP and EM are viable and practical alternatives, which can be applied to a direction under due to the resolvability of multi-path signals, reliable performance and no troublesome eigen-decomposition of the sample-covariance matrix.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.281-287
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to measure patients satisfaction and expectation with hospital foodservices, and thereby identify areas for improvement and provide basic data for the introduction of total quality management with hospital foodservices. This survey was carried out on 383 hospitalized patients of 7 hospitals in Deagu, Busan, Changwon with 350 beds to determine the quality satisfaction with foodservices. The subjects were 50.5% male and 49.5% female. 62.6% of the subjects were over 40 age, 31.4% were only educated to middle school or below, 28.3% were hospitalized for 7-14 days. The mean score for taste of diet was 2.79, temperature 3.23, appearances 2.96. Most subjects agreed with following foodservice characteristics that meals of movement (4.03), dress of employees (3.84), kindness of employees and meals arrived exactly the same time every day (3.47) and cleanliness of foods (3.34) and dishes (3.33). The unsatisfied quality attributies were information provide (2.82), variety of the meals (2.91), mixing of meals (2.95), the opportunity to meet with a dietitian (2.97) and prompt dealings with meal complaints (3.01). Most subjects expectation that the decrease the multiple of menus, increase provide of fruits in hospital meals and selective menus in hospital foodservices operations. In conclusion, it would seem to be desirable that hospital foodservices departments introduce selective menus, quality assurance, and increase the meal rounding of dietitians in the patient foodservice.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.50-60
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing role adaptation in newly employed nurses and the consistency between role expectations before employment and after one year of employment. The results of this study may contribute to strategy development towards positive role adaptation in newly employed nurses. The data used in this study were collected from 111 nurses, the sample was drawn from all newly employed professional nurses working at Y Medical Center in 1987. The data were collected longitudinally in the 2nd - 3rd weeks, the 3rd month and the 12th month after employment. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The degree of change the importance of factors influencing role adaptation and the length of time after employment were investigated. the result showed that the degree of change was the greatest within the first 3 months after employment. Important factors related to role adaptation were working conditions, the environment of the assigned ward and the work load. These factors always displayed high scores without any great change over time. New employees put more importance on practical factors which were obtained through experience in their jobs rather than on ideal factors Which they had considered more important while in school. 2. Consistency between role expectation before employment and after 12 month of employment was investigated. The highest consintency item was the expectation about the variety of Patients, and the highest inconsistency was the expectation about their own welfare. An average score of 69.07 points was achieved from a maximum of 125 points for the 25 items. showing that expectations for role development before employment were not fully satisfied. In conclusion the administraor should assess the initial expectation at the time of employment of new nurses and she / he should make clear to the new nurses that these expectations may not be realistic. In this way the administrator can provide more satisfactory conditions towards the expectations of the new nurses and help them towards positive role adaptation and reduction of role conflict. Newly employed nurses have high and unrealistic expectations about socialization to the profession from their nursing educational program. It is suggested that a transitional training program should be planned and carried out for newly employed nurses.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.196-201
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• 2006

Existing model houses have played an important role in allow the customers to choose apartment. As the information technology has been advanced (e.g. a high-speed internet available in unit), customers' personality and preference to the design of apartment and the purchasing pattern have been changed. Construction firms have introduced VR(Virtual Reality) model house (e.g. Quick Time Virtual Reality) to meet the customers' expectation and need. The reality-based QTVR model house does not provide enough quality to satisfy the customers' expectation. To complement the shortcoming of the QTVR model house, this study presents a web-based cyber model house developed by using Turntool and Javascript. The cyber model house allows to communicate between supplier and customer over the internet.