• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2005

In study, various notions regarding historic landscapes and rehabilitation were first investigated, and efficient rehabilitation schemes on modem historic landscapes were analyzed. On the basis of these theological analyses, an underlying scheme on the rehabilitation of modern historic landscapes was drawn up for '40 Stair Cultural Street' in Jung-gu, Busan City. Rehabilitating historic landscapes not only expresses a positive method to preserving sites and relics of heritage, but also an idea of preservation and rehabilitation based on interpretations from a historical perspective of value in this present day. Its significance is, therefore, to construct an ideal urban landscape in which the past, present and future can coexist. The rehabilitation of historic landscapes will become a psychological pillar to the people living in cities and will be able to lead the various types of urban activities as effective landmarks creating accessibility and representing perpetuity, as rehabilitated landscapes last through the passage of time. In addition, since historic and cultural landscape resources significantly represent regional identities and cultural characteristics that are protected and maintained, they may result in the succession of time and space in regional and urban historical culture and contribute to improving local images and impressions, allowing citizens and tourists to experience many diverse historic and cultural environments. The underlying scheme on the development of '40 Stair Cultural Street' in the study has been drawn up with a focus on the rehabilitation of modern historic value drawn out of the 40 stairs. The area around the 40 stairs, which was shaped as a stronghold of refugees who fled for safety during the Korean War, has changed as dramatically as people can no longer get a feel of the circumstances of that period. Local historians and residents, however, still share the joys and sorrows of refugee life as sad memories. Based on the historical fact, landscape planting, street furniture, outdoor color schemes & signage, traffic systems, symbolic 3-D models and pavement designs are underway.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.154-163
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• 2013

Current principles of designating a smoking area within a non-smoking area rely on mere compartmentalization. This causes non-smokers aversion against smokers and smokers complaints about anti-smoking policies, which means both of them are not satisfied with the current scheme. In addition, such a system, far from the original intent of the law, does not provide appropriate respect for people's rights. The biggest problem of the current scheme is that smoking areas are not separated from non-smoking areas. Japan has continued installing independent smoking areas since 2002 and witnessed a decrease in the smoking rate. The country's success is attributable to: the state's active intervention in connection with enterprises; continuous environmental improvements and creation of goods; 'smoking etiquette' campaigns; and the sociality and group consciousness of Japanese people. It is recognized that the synergy of the designation of independent smoking areas and such multi-faceted efforts has led to the nation's accomplishment. Hence, it is required to install independent smoking areas in non-smoking areas in Seoul in order to respect the rights of smokers and non-smokers and resolve conflicts between them. It is not suitable to merely model after Japan's case, however, studies and guidelines that are tailored to Korea's own environment and social atmosphere are required. To ensure that the people recognize the necessity for smoking areas, a social consensus is formed and proper smoking areas are established in a systemic manner, a system for that purpose should connote a symbol of the social consensus and consequent guidelines should take physical elements, human activities and semantic assignment into consideration. This study aims to present basic guidelines to install separated smoking areas, which will keep distance between smokers and non-smokers, form a social consensus and establish a sound smoking culture. These would ensure that the rights of both smokers and non-smokers are fully respected and that government policies are trusted by the people.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.153-181
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• 2013

Weather is an influential factor to sales of companies. There have been growing attempts with which companies apply weather to developing their strategic marketing plans. By executing weather marketing activities, companies minimize risks (or negative impacts) of weather to their business and increase sales revenues. In spite of managerial importance of weather management, there are scarce empirical studies that comprehensively investigate its impact and present an efficient method that optimally allocates marketing budget. Our research was conducted in two parts. In the first part, we investigated influences of weather on sales based on real-world daily sales data. We specifically focused on the contextual factors that were less focused in the weather related research. In the second part, we propose an optimization model that can be utilized to efficiently allocate weather marketing budget across various regions (or branches) and show how it can be applied to real industry cases. The results of our study are as follow. Study 1 investigated the impact of weather on sales using store sales data of a family restaurant company and an outdoor fashion company. Results represented that the impacts of weather are context-dependent. The impact of weather on store sales varies across their regional and location characteristics when it rains. Based on the results derived from Study 1, Study 2 proposes a method on how optimally companies allocate their weather marketing budgets across each region.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.127-140
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• 1991

The Primary purpose of this study is to investigate factors and variables which have significant effects on user satisfaction with recreational facilities in Taejong-Dae recreational complex, thereby establishing indices of planning and development of urban parks and open space. To test the causal models of this research, the date were gathered by self-administered questionnaires from 967 households in Pusan City which were selected by the multi-stage probability sampling methood. The analysis of the multi-stage primarily consists of two phase : The first analysis dealt exploratory factor analysis which identified major factors involved in satisfaction with recreational activities and facilities in Taejong-Dae recreational complex and the second analysis tested the fit of the causal models of this research by employing LISREL methodology. There are three advantages of using LISREL over other multivariate analysis methods : First, measurement error is allowed and calculated in LISREL, otherwise there is a risk of seriously misleading estimates of coefficients ; Second, LISREL deals with latent variables or unmeasured variables ; Third, it enables to test causal relations among variables. The factors analysis identified that five factors are involved in satisfaction with recreational facilities. The five factors of satisfaction with recreational facilities are space for repose and relaxation, active recreation facilities such as pool and zoo, physical exercise facility, convenience and maintenance facility, and linear facility, and linear facility for walking. The second phase analysis tested the fit of the causal models for satisfaction with recreational facilities to the data and identified statistically significant causal linkage among overall satisfaction with Taejong-Dae recreational complex, other endogenous factors and exogenous variables. Overall fits of both causal models were very good. Among endogenous factors, facility for repose and relaxation. linear facility for walking, active recreation facility, facility for convenience and maintenance were identified as having significant effects on overall satisfaction. Exogenous variables which have significant effects on endogenous variables wer also identified. These significant relationships indicate important factors and variables that should be considered in planning and development of the recreational complex. On the basis of these significant causal relationships, implications for planning and the delovepment of Taejong-Dae recreational complex were suggested.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.71-95
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• 2005

As one of the most popular outdoor leisure activities in the world, recreational fishing has a lof of significant meaning in terms of social, economic, and cultural views. However, both not considering an indiscreet fishing activity and environment and not thinking our next generation, fishing circumstance has been deteriorating more and more. Unlike Korea, most advanced countries enact various recreational fishing management and support policies in order to keep sustainable recreational fishing and develop eco-tourism through cooperation with government, fishing industries and civil organizations. This paper consist of the following contents. First, the study attempted to investigate how to operate management system of the recreational fishing dividing into in - land fishing and sea fishing respectively. And it exhibits issues and troubles of the realities of recreational fishing management and related fishing laws and ordinances in Korea. And then, it examines various fishing management schemes in representative advanced nations; U.S., Germany, and Japan. Also, it analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of respective recreational fishing management systems; market - based license system, qualification - based management system, and self- regulatory based management system. In addition, after these three systems are adopted to Korea's recreational fishing condition, we analyzes whether respective management systems fit or not. As a result of this, the optimal management for recreational fishing is the participatory self - management scheme in Korea. Finally, in order to support recreational fishing promotion and encouragement, issues and complementary policies with respect to recreational fishing are introduced.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.102-109
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe sports injuries among elderly people and to compare physical activity, perceived health status and exercise self-efficacy between elderly people who had experienced a sports injury and elderly people who hadn't. Methods: The sample of this study were 100 elderly in Korea, 51 of whom had had a sports injury. The study used questionnaires to gather data. There were 8 demographic factors, 4 factors related to physical activity, perceived health status and exercise self-efficacy of the subjects. Data were analyzed by frequencies, chi-square test, and t-test. Result: Among the sports injured elders, one occurrence of a sport injury was 86.3%. There were more outdoor than indoor sports injuries of elders (66.7%), and sports injuries of elders occurred more in the winter (82.7%). The major cause of the sports injuries was loss of balance. Ankles were frequently damaged from these injuries. The most significant change after the sports injury was reduction of physical activity (60.8%). There were significant differences between sports injured elderly and non-injured elderly for age (${\chi}^2=2.58$, p=.011) and the amount of physical activity (t=1.96, p=.050), but there was no significant difference in perceived health status and exercise self-efficacy. Conclusion: To prevent sports injuries in the elderly means to maintain a medium level of physical activity and to improve their balance.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.127-132
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• 2019

아동의 성장을 위해 운동과 스트레칭은 필수적이지만, 최근 미세먼지, 아동범죄 등 사회적 위험으로 인해 아동들의 자유로운 외부활동이 제한적이다. 이로 인해 실내에서 안전하고 쉽게 따라 할 수 있는 아동을 위한 프로그램에 대한 필요성이 증가하였다. 본 논문에서는 성장에 도움이 되는 스트레칭을 아동들이 자발적으로 하도록 유도하고 관리하는 시스템을 개발하였다. 본 논문에서 개발한 시스템은 키넥트를 활용하여 실시간으로 아동의 스트레칭 동작을 인식하여 표준 동작과의 일치율을 평가한다. 이 시스템은 그 결과를 사용자에게 달력과 확인스탬프로 제공함으로써 아동에게는 자발적 동기 부여를 제공하고 부모에게는 아동의 진행상황에 대한 체계적인 관리를 제공한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.3567-3582
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• 2020

Human activities are often affected by weather conditions. Automatic weather recognition is meaningful to traffic alerting, driving assistance, and intelligent traffic. With the boost of deep learning and AI, deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) are utilized to identify weather situations. In this paper, a three-channel convolutional neural network (3C-CNN) model is proposed on the basis of ResNet50.The model extracts global weather features from the whole image through the ResNet50 branch, and extracts the sky and ground features from the top and bottom regions by two CNN5 branches. Then the global features and the local features are merged by the Concat function. Finally, the weather image is classified by Softmax classifier and the identification result is output. In addition, a medium-scale dataset containing 6,185 outdoor weather images named WeatherDataset-6 is established. 3C-CNN is used to train and test both on the Two-class Weather Images and WeatherDataset-6. The experimental results show that 3C-CNN achieves best on both datasets, with the average recognition accuracy up to 94.35% and 95.81% respectively, which is superior to other classic convolutional neural networks such as AlexNet, VGG16, and ResNet50. It is prospected that our method can also work well for images taken at night with further improvement.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2015

이 연구의 목적은 Nature-Study 관련 문헌 연구를 통해 Nature-Study의 교육방법을 도출하고 이 교육방법이 오늘날 과학교육에 주는 의의를 고찰하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 Nature-Study의 역사적 연구를 발전시켜 Nature-Study의 교육관점을 도출하고 19세기 후반에서 20세기 초반에 출판된 Nature-Study 관련 문헌을 수집 분석하여 각 교육관점에 따른 교육방법을 추출하였다. 또한 추출한 교육방법을 바탕으로 Nature-Study가 오늘날 과학교육에 주는 의의를 고찰하였다. 연구 결과 Nature-Study는 자연에 대한 학습이라는 관점에서 학생과 자연의 교감을 강조하고, 교과 통합적 학습을 중시하며, 비형식적 학습을 학교 수업에 포함시키는 교육방법을 지향한다. 또 직접 경험을 통한 학습이라는 관점에서 야외 활동을 지향하고, 교재보다 경험이 선행될 것을 강조하며, 기초적인 관찰을 중시한다. 마지막으로 학습자 중심의 학습이라는 관점에서 학생의 흥미를 중요시하고, 모든 학생을 위한 교육을 지향하며, 조력자로서 교사의 역할을 강조한다. 이와 같은 Nature-Study 사상은 오늘날 과학교육에 '자연을 통한 과학학습'으로의 관점 전환이 필요함을 시사한다.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 독거노인과 비독거노인의 건강상태에 관하여 생활활동능력, 신체통증 그리고 정서상태의 3가지 요소로 나누어 그룹간에 차이를 비교하고 고령자의 건강상태에 관여하는 요인에 대한 관련성을 확인해 보았다. 연구에는 총 88명의 고령자를 대상으로 조사를 실시하여 분석에 사용하였다. 비독거노인에 비해, 독거노인의 경우 생활활동능력이 낮고, 신체적통증이 높으며, 정서상태가 부정적인 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 3요소간 유의미한 상관관계가 있었는데, 세부 분석 결과 이는 거주형태(독거/비독거)이외에도 생활활동패턴(실내/실외 활동)이 동시에 관여하고 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과는 독거노인 돌봄서비스와 고령자의 건강상태를 객관적으로 측정하기 위한 생리학적 지표개발에 기초자료로 활용되어 질 수 있을 것으로 예상한다.