• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.7-10
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• 1999

Physicochemical properties of Satsuma mandarin(Citrus unshiu Marc. var. miyagawa) harvested in middle of November according to production areas of Cheju were investigated. Peel thickness of citrus fruits was ranged from 2.54mm to 3.13mm, and it was lower on fruits harvested in western areas than those of other areas in Cheju. Soluble solids were ranged from 10.1 to 12.0$^{\circ}$Brix, and it was lower on fruits harvested in southern areas. Acid contents of citrus juice were ranged from 1.28% to 1.42%, it was higher on fruits harvested in eastern areas, specific gravity of citrus fruits was ranged between 0.86 and 0.88. Flesh ratio was ranged from 75.1% to 77.6%, it was lower on fruits harvested in southern areas. Soluble solids, acid content and specific gravity harvested in southern areas of below 100m and over 150m sea level altitude were 11.8 and 11.2, 1.43% and 1.40%, 0.87 and 0.9, respectively. Fruits quality harvested in southern areas was better, compared to other harvest areas of Cheju.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.4 no.1_2
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• pp.27-34
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• 1989

This work was carried out to investigate the pollution of heavy metals and pH in soil, collected from the 156 sampling sites in 1987. 1. In the average contents of Cd, the highest value was 0.40 mg/kg in the Outskirt of Seoul area, the lowest value was 0.11 mg/kg in the Greenbelt area, and 0.21∼0.39 mg/kg in the other areas. 2. In the average contents of Cu, the highest value was 32.50 mg/kg in the Motorway area, the lowest value was 2.96 mg/kg in the Greenbelt area, and 9.53∼24.41 mg/kg in the other areas. 3. In the average contents of As, the highest value was 1.32 mg/kg in the Reclamated waste area, the lowest value was 0.31 mg/kg in the Greenbelt area, and 0.93∼1.32 mg/kg in the other areas. 4. In the average contents of Zn, the highest value was 27.33 mg/kg in the Center of city area, the lowest value was 9.97 mg/kg in the Greenbelt area, and 12.47∼25.23 mg/kg in the other areas. 5. In the average contents of Pb, the highest value was 125.25 mg/kg in the Motorway area, the lowest value was 12.99 mg/kg in the Farming area, and 17.01∼77.71 mg/kg in the other areas. 6. In the average contents of pH, the highest value was pH 7.08 in the Motorway area, the lowest value was pH 4.14 in the Greenbelt area, and pH 5.67～7.04 in the other areas. 7. The order of the distribution of heavy metals was Pb>Zn>Cu>As>Cd. There was significanthy correlation between Cd-Zn, Pb-Zn, Cu-Cd, Pb-Cu and Pb-Cd (p<0.01).

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to find the determinants of suicide impulse of residents living in mining region and other areas in one city. The past studies did not examine the suicide related attitudes or behaviors in mining region. This study also examines how coping resources and behaviors moderate the suicide impulse. Methods: For this purpose, hierarchical logistic regression method was used to predict the likelihood of suicide impulse. The personal characteristics, depression, coping resources and behaviors were considered as the independent variables. The data collected in this study was gathered through questionnaire survey with 502 residents in other areas as well as mining area in one city. Results and Conclusion: The results and conclusions are as follows: 1. The chi-square test revealed that residents living mining region showed higher percentage of suicide impulse compared to other areas. 2. The t-test revealed that those with suicide impulse had higher level of depression compared to those without it. This pattern was consistent in other areas as well as mining region. 3. The hierarchical logistic regression revealed that age, education, depression showed positive effect on suicide impulse in mining region. However, in other areas, education, illness, and depression showed positive effect on suicide impulse. Also, this result implies that suicide prevention efforts should be actively made in mining region.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 2020

Play areas of childcare facility capable of stimulating the interests of children is extremely important. However, Childcare facility play areas in Korea are often placed in 'leftover' spaces due to institutional inadequacies. As a result, unlike the diverse play areas found in other countries, play areas in Korea have a standard appearance. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the specific causes of the physical differences in the childcare facility play areas of Korea and other countries. This study compared regulations, handbooks and guidelines and examined case studies of childcare facility play areas outside of Korea. Five institutional-level differences related to play areas between countries were identified as a result of this analysis. Suggestions for improvement at the institutional-level were proposed to each of the identified categories. This study focuses on the play areas of childcare facility and suggests directions for the improvement of play areas that are both institutionally and physically realistic.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.11 no.4 s.29
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• pp.47-57
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• 2005

The goal of this research is to evaluate landscape-ecological characteristics of watersheds in the Nakdong River Basin by using Geogaphic Information System (GIS) and landscape indices for integation of spatio-temporal informations and multivariate statistical techniques for quantitative analysis of forest landscape. Fragmentation index and change matrix techniques using factor analysis and grid overlay method were used to efficiently analyze and manage huge amount of information for ecological-environmental assessment (land-cover and forest landscape patterns). According to the results based on the pattern analysis of land-cover changes using the change detection matrix between 1980s and 1990s, addition on 750km$^2$ became urbanized areas. The altered 442.04km$^2$ was agricultural areas which is relatively easy for shifting of land-use, and 205.1km$^2$ of forests became urbanized areas, and average elevation and slope of the whole altered areas were 75m and 4$^{\circ}$. On the other hand, 120km$^2$ of urban areas were changed into other areas (i.e., agricultural areas and green space), and fortunately, certain amount of naturalness had been recovered. But still those agricultural areas and fallow areas, which were previously urban areas, had high potential of re-development for urbanization due to their local conditions. According to the structural analysis of forest landscape using the landscape indices, the forest fragmentation of watersheds along the main stream of the Nakdong River was more severe than my other watersheds. Furthermore, the Nakdong-sangju and Nakdong-miryang watersheds had unstable forest structures as well as least amount of forest quantity. Thus, these areas need significant amount of forest through a new forest management policy considering local environmental conditions.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.15
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• pp.33-38
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• 1997

This investigation was attemped to know fruit quality of apple 'Fuji' grown at three different areas of Taegu. Fruits were gathered from hill side area : Kyungsangpookdo yongchongun chongtongmynn synwonri, flat area : Kyungsangpookdo yongchongun synyoungmyun youujeongri and river side area : Kyungsangpookdo yongchongun kewmhoyeub naenhchundong. Results were as follows: 1. In fruit sampling, we made an effort to select the same size of fruit from all areas, However, the size at river side area was about 40g lighter and minimum length was shorter than those of the other areas. On the other hand, maximum and minimum diameter of the fruit at flat and river side areas were longer than hill side area. Accordingly, shape index of the fruit in river side area was flatter than the other areas. This difference may be due to temperture, soil moisture content, etc. In squeeze rate of the fruit, no significant difference was recognized among areas. 2. Though, rate of fructose in total sugar was almost 50% in all areas, sucrose, fructose and sorbitol concentration of hill side area were higher than the other areas. however glucose was reverse amd brix was almost same as total sugar concentration. 3. Rate of malic acid in total acid was almost 98% and citric acid was only 2% in all areas. Malic acid concentration of hill side area was higher than the other areas and titratable acid concentration was almost same as total acid.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.57-65
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• 2018

The study is conducted to establish the National Protected Areas Integrated System(NPAIS) which includes National Protected Areas(NPAs) and other conservation measures in terms of effective ways for biodiversity conservation. Additionally, it is carried out to evaluate progress toward quantitative expansion goals in Aichi biodiversity Target 11. The NPAIS consists of NPAs and other effective area-based conservation measures(OECMs). There are two different types of OECMs. OECMs type I, including water-source protection Areas(WPA), riparian zones(RZ), fishery-resource protection zones (FPZ), and urban natural park zones(UNPZ), is a potential protected area which is recommended to be incorporated into the NPAs for effective management. OECMs type II means development restriction zones(DRZ), natural recreation forests(NRF), and buffer zones for Korea national arboretum(BKNA). As a result of evaluating the quantitative expansion goals of the NPAIS, terrestrial and inland water protected areas exceed 17% of the quantitative goal in Aichi biodiversity Target 11. The larger the area of individual OECMs and the lower the degree of overlap with NPAs, the higher the contribution of them to the terrestrial and inland water protected areas. DRZ contributes to enlarge more than 3% of quantitative expansion. And RZ and NRF contribute more than 1%. The marine protected areas are expanded by $1,425km^2$ through FPZ, but the expanded area is very small as comparing with the total marine area. It adds only 0.321% to the quantitative expansion. The rest of OECMs also has very poor quantitative expansion contributions in the marine area. Consequently, the NPAIS is effective for quantitative expansion of land areas, but not for marine areas.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.971-984
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyse the relations among the residents' characteristics, the policy of the facility, and the physical characteristics of activity areas, and to understand the elements for the lively use of activity areas in the elderly nursing facilities. The results of the study are as follows: First, there was a relationship between the characteristics of semi-public activity areas and the residents' management-control policy. The facilities having semi-public areas of living room type showed more flexibility in time and place and more respects for the residents. Second, the activity areas of connection type were much more used than the compartment type, especially in the facilities having more residents incapable of walking. On the other hand, the facilities having high control for the residents showed high using rate in public activity areas, and all those did not have semi-public areas or showed low using rate in there. Third, in the analysis of the relationship between the physical characteristics and the using rate of activity areas, the public activity areas having compartment type in the spatial composition and hall as a form were likely to have multiple usages. On the whole, the various form of activity areas, the area per residents, openness, accessibility and centrality were having interactions each other for high using rate in activity areas. Especially, many stimulations and the furniture arrangements that were good for the residents' interactions had a function of compensation for the poor physical characteristics of activity areas. This study investigated only the using rates to understand the lively use of the space. For the future study, it is suggested that the detail using behavior of the residents should be examined to understand the influential elements.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1987

This survey was carried out in four areas in southern Korea from May 1983 through April 1986. A total of 1, 717 house rats was caught by trapping technique throughout the 4 areas. The total of 1, 535 trombiculid mites (4 genera, 7 species) was found only among Rattus norvegicus. Six species were observed in Seoul and Yangsuri areas, and 5 species in Seongnam area. No trombiculid mites were found in the rats caught in Inchon area. The highest infection rate of trombiculid mites (25%) was recorded in the rats caught in Seongnam area. And Leptotrombidium palpale was abundant species in general (detection rate; 72.8%) In seasonal variation, the hightes number of trombiculid population was observed from October through December in all the areas surveyed, and especially Euschongastia koreaensis apperaed more in autumn and winter than in any other season. The values of specie diversity and evenness of trombiculid mites found in Yangsuri were comparatively higher than those from the other areas.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.395-409
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the classification performance and applicability when land cover datasets constructed for AI training are cross validation to other areas. For study areas, Gyeongsang-do and Jeolla-do in South Korea were selected as cross validation areas, and training datasets were obtained from AI-Hub. The obtained datasets were applied to the U-Net algorithm, a semantic segmentation algorithm, for each region, and the accuracy was evaluated by applying them to the same and other test areas. There was a difference of about 13-15% in overall classification accuracy between the same and other areas. For rice field, fields and buildings, higher accuracy was shown in the Jeolla-do test areas. For roads, higher accuracy was shown in the Gyeongsang-do test areas. In terms of the difference in accuracy by weight, the result of applying the weights of Gyeongsang-do showed high accuracy for forests, while that of applying the weights of Jeolla-do showed high accuracy for dry fields. The result of land cover classification, it was found that there is a difference in classification performance of existing datasets depending on area. When constructing land cover map for AI training, it is expected that higher quality datasets can be constructed by reflecting the characteristics of various areas. This study is highly scalable from two perspectives. First, it is to apply satellite images to AI study and to the field of land cover. Second, it is expanded based on satellite images and it is possible to use a large scale area and difficult to access.