• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

Osteoporosis is a common disease characterized by bone mass reduction, leading to an increased risk of bone fracture, and it is caused by an imbalance of osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption. Current osteoporosis drugs aim to reduce the risk of bone fracture, either by increasing osteoblastic bone formation or decreasing osteoclastic bone resorption. However, osteoblasts and osteoclasts are closely coupled, such that any reagent altering the differentiation or activity of one eventually affects the other. This tight coupling between osteoblasts and osteoclasts not only limits the therapeutic efficacy but also threatens the safety of osteoporosis drugs. This review will discuss the biological mechanisms of action of currently approved medications for osteoporosis treatment, focusing on the osteoblast-osteoclast coupling.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.61-70
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• 2012

Objectives: In this study, the author aimed to evaluate the effect of BuOH fraction(YK) from Cinnamomum loureirii on osteoblast proliferation in murine rat calvarial cells. Methods: The osteoblast separated from murine calvariae was cultivated for 10 days and evaluated the cell function. After the addition of YK on the culture medium, we determined the effect of YK on the cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, apoptosis of the cultivated osteoblast, protein synthesis and collagen synthesis. Results: YK increased the proliferation of rat calvarial osteoblast. YK increased ALP activity of rat calvarial osteoblast. YK did not change the survival rate of rat calvarial osteoblast. YK increased protein synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. YK increased collagen synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. Conclusions: This study suggests that YK might improve the osteoporosis resulted from augumentation of osteoblast proliferation.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.15-28
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of water extract of Samki-eum Gamibang (SKG) on osteoblast proliferation in murine calvarial cells. Methods : The osteoblast separated from calvariae of murine was cultivated and evaluated the function of cell. After the addition of SKG on the culture medium, we investigated the effect of SKG on the cell viability, cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, bone matrix protein synthesis and collagen synthesis of the cultivated osteoblast.Results : SKG increased the survival rate and proliferation of rat calvarial osteoblast. SKG increased ALP activity, bone matrix protein synthesis and collagen synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. Conclusions : This study suggests that SKG has effect on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) resulting from increase of osteoblast function.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.127-138
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• 2009

Objectives : The author aimed to evaluate the effect of BuOH fraction(ST) from Schizonepeta tenuifolia on osteoblast proliferation in murine calvarial cells. Methods : The osteoblast separated from murine calvariae was cultivated for 10 days and evaluated the cell function. After the addition of ST on the culture medium, we determined the effect of ST on the cell proliferation, protein synthesis, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen synthesis, and apoptosis of the osteoblast. Results : 1. ST increased the proliferation of osteoblast, and restored the decreased cell number in glucocorticoid (GC)-treated osteoblast. 2. ST increased protein synthesis of osteoblast, and restored the decreased protein synthesis in GC-treated osteoblast. 3. ST increased ALP activity of osteoblast, and restored the decreased enzyme activity in GC-treated osteoblast. 4. ST increased collagen synthesis of osteoblast, and restored the decreased collagen synthesis in GC-treated osteoblast. 5. ST did not change the survival rate of osteoblast, but increased the survival rate in GC-treated osteoblast. Conclusions : It is concluded that ST might reduce the osteoporosis resulted from augumentation of osteoblast proliferation.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.33-43
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• 2013

Objectives: Osteoporosis is characterized by bone loss and morbidity with osteoporotic fracture. In this study, the author aimed to evaluate the effect of dried roots of Rehmannia glutinosa extract (RGE) on osteoblast proliferation in murine calvarial cells. Methods: The osteoblast separated from murine calvariae was cultivated for 6 days and evaluated the cell function. After the addition of RGE on the culture medium, we determined the effect of RGE on the cell viability, cell proliferation, protein synthesis, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen synthesis and calcified nodule formation of the cultivated osteoblast. Results: The results were summarized as follows. 1. RGE did not change the survival rate of rat calvarial osteoblast. 2. RGE increased the proliferation of rat calvarial osteoblast. 3. RGE increased ALP activity of rat calvarial osteoblast., 4. RGE slightly affected protein synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. 5. RGE increased collagen synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. 6. RGE slightly affected calcified nodule formation of rat calvarial osteoblast. Conclusions: From these results, it is concluded that RG might improve the osteoporosis resulted from augmentation of osteoblast proliferation.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.23-33
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• 2014

Objectives: In this study, the author aimed to evaluate the effect of EtOH extract of Ganoderma lucidum (GLE) on osteoblast proliferation in rat fetus calvarial cells. Methods: The osteoblast separated from rat fetus calvariae was cultivated for 6~21 days and evaluated the cell function. After the addition of GLE on the culture medium, we determined the effect of GLE on the cell viability, cell proliferation, bone matrix protein synthesis, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen synthesis and calcified nodule formation of the cultivated osteoblast. Results: GLE did not change the survival rate of rat calvarial osteoblast. GLE increased the proliferation of rat calvarial osteoblast. GLE increased ALP activity of rat calvarial osteoblast. GLE increased bone matrix protein synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. GLE increased collagen synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. GLE slightly affected calcified nodule formation of rat calvarial osteoblast. Conclusions: This study suggests that Ganoderma lucidum might improve the osteoporosis resulted from augmentation of osteoblast proliferation.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.387.1-387.1
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• 2002

Aging and estrogen cleficiency after menopause induce bone loss and result in osteoporosis. This study was investigated effects of n-hexane fraction (Hx) extracted from Astragali Radix on osteoporosis with osteoblast-like cell line (MG-63 and Saos-2) and an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model. Proliferation of osteoblast-like cells. MG-63 and Saos-2. was tested with MTT and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assays. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.190-195
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• 2009

Osteoblasts play an important role in bone metabolism by bone formation. Natural medicines having a stimulatory activity on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation can improve bone diseases such as osteoporosis. The methanol extracts of 159 herbal medicines were screened for the stimulatory activity on osteoblast proliferation by MTT assay and differentiation in the presence of ascorbic acid and $\beta$-glycerophosphate. Among the tested extracts, Alpiniae Semen, Amomi Semen, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Bambusae Folium, Cannabis Semen, Dalbergiae odoriferae Lignum, and Luffae Fructus Retinervus showed relatively strong stimulatory activity on osteoblast proliferation, whereas Amomi Semen showed strong stimulatory activity on osteoblast differentiation.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2016

Objectives : In this study, the author aimed to evaluate the effects of water extract of Dokwhalgisaeng-tang Gamibang (DGG) on osteoblast proliferation in murine calvarial cells. Methods : The osteoblast separated from murine calvariae was cultivated and evaluated the cell function. After the addition of DGG on the culture medium, we determined the effect of DGG on the cell proliferation, protein synthesis, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen synthesis, and cell viability of the cultivated osteoblast in the presence of dexamethasone. Results : DGG increased the survival rate, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, protein synthesis and collagen synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast in the presence of dexamethasone. Conclusions : DGG might improve the osteoporosis resulted from augmentation of osteoblast proliferation.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.66-82
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• 2016

Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Kanghwalsokdan-tang Gamibang water extract (KSG) on osteoporosis. Methods : RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 was used to evaluate inhibitory effect of KSG osteoclast differentiation and gene expression. We counted TRAP (+) multinucleated cells and measured TRAP activity and mRNA expressions of osteoclastogenesis-related genes (NFATc1, MITF, JNK1, cathepsin K, MMP-9) to figure out the effect of KSG on osteoclast. Osteoblastogenesis was also determined in rat calvarial cell. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, bone matrix protein and collagen synthesis were measured by using murine calvarial cell. Results : KSG inhibited the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cell and expression of genes related osteoclastogenesis like NAFTc1, MITF, c-fos, JNK1, Cathepsin K, MMP-9 and TRAP. KSG increased cell division and function of osteoblast separated from the skull of a rat and ALP synthesis, biosynthesis of bone matrix protein and collagen. Conclusions : Reviewing these results, KSG has efficacy on osteoclast inhibition and osteoblast activation. After further study, KSG will be able to apply for osteoporosis treatment and prevention.