• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -1
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• pp.277-280
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• 2002

Many digital watermarking methods have been proposed for copyright protection. Especially, methods to add a watermark in the frequency domain are often used. In those methods, only a few components of frequencies are changed according to watermark information, so that the pixel values of the image obtained by the inverse transform sometimes exceed the dynamic range and owing to the clipping process at this time watermark information is changed. This phenomenon even occurs without attacks like image processing. In this paper, we propose two methods to prevent loss of watermark information, applicable to such cases, it is said that one is the method called "inversion of increase and decrease" and another is "conservation of amounts of changes." We can extract the watermark information correctly under the condition of no attacks by using these proposed methods.

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 2000년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집 제19권 1호
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• pp.295-298
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• 2000

제품의 음질 특성과 관련된 주요 주파수 대역을 파악하기 위해 본 연구에서는 청소기 소리의 주파수 대역을 음성인식에 중요한 주파수 대역인 4개의 대역으로 나누고, 각 대역 성분을 직교배열표에 따라 가감한 16개의 소리를 만들었다 만들어진 소리에 대해 10명을 대상으로 4가지의 표현어로 Semantic Differential Method(SDM)로 주관적 평가를 하여, 청소기음의 주파수 특성과의 상관관계를 살펴보았다. 불쾌한 느낌과 관련이 깊은 주파수 대역은 고주파수 대역이었으며, 성능이 좋은 느낌을 주기 위해서는 저주파수 대역을 증가시키는 것 이 효과적이었다.

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제34S권5호
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• pp.45-51
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• 1997

To trnsmit moving image signals by using an object vased coding technique at the rate of 8kbps~11kbps, it is very important to minimize the bit rates used for the compression of the color information of MF-objects. This paper proposes a hybrid coding method which uses the shpae adaptive coding method and the interframe reference method selectively. Gilge's shape adaptive orthogonal coidng method is utilized for shpae adaptive coding. The interfarame reference method approximates the low-passed signals of the image by gilge's shpae adaptive orthogonalization method and then refers the approximation error signals from the high frequency signal components of th eprevious frame. The proposed method achives the bit rates reduction of 17% compared to the gilge's shape adaptive orthogonalization method and 30% rduction compared to the shape adaptive DCT in average.

• 소음진동
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.156-166
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• 2001

This work uses tensor calculus to derive a complete set of three-dimensional field equations well-suited for determining the behavior of thick shells of revolution having arbitrary curvature and variable thickness. The material is assumed to be homogeneous, isotropic and linearly elastic. The equations are expressed in terms of coordinates tangent and normal to the shell middle surface. The relationships are combined to yield equations of motion in terms of orthogonal displacement components taken in the meridional, normal and circumferential directions. Strain energy and kinetic energy functionals are also presented. The equations of motion and energy functionals may be used to determine the static or dynamic displacements and stresses in shells of revolution, including free and forced vibration and wave propagation.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2010

본 연구는 레이저 도플러의 진동모드에 대한 분석연구이다. 도플러에서 생성되는 진동모드를 측정하여 각 성분을 분석하여 2차원 연구로부터 3차원을 예측 할 수 있는 성질들을 연구하고자 한다. 진동모드는 범위 탐지기(거리 측정 센서)에 의존하고 있다. 즉, 측정거리에 의해 결정되고 있으므로, 생성되는 변수들로부터 2차원에서부터 3차원에서의 진동모드가 어떻게 생성되는지, 어떤 특성의 패턴으로 나타나는지를 연구함과 더불어, 진동모드와 거리와의 관계도 아울러 연구한다.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2011

A Shock absorber is one of the most important components in vehicle suspension systems. In general, many repeated analyses are required for the design of a shock absorber to satisfy the suspension characteristics of a specific automobile, like fluid flow analysis and mechanical analysis. The purpose of this study is to develop a fast design tool for shock absorber designers. One of the efficient solutions for this can be an empirical design method considering phenomenological effects from the shock absorber design variables. In order to extract the shock absorber's experimental characteristics, we used Taguchi method. This method showed that which design variables have major effects for the shock absorber's damping characteristics. This empirical design method also showed the direction of the design changes to satisfy the designer's intension.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.411-419
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• 1999

A nonlinear model for time-step analysis of bridges subjected to two orthogonal horizontal components of earthquake motions was developed. The focus of the study was on elastomeric isolators with or without lead cores. The hysteretic behavior of the isolators, the columns, abutments, and shear keys was taken into account. The nonlinear analysis showed that, contrary to linear theory prediction, the use of isolators does not necessarily increase the displacement of the superstructure. Furthermore, it was shown that properly designed isolators can reduce the ductility demand in RC bridge columns substantially.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.63-89
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• 2006

Geometric imperfections have an important influence on the buckling response of structural components. This paper describes an experimental technique for determining imperfections in long (5.7 m) structural members using a series of overlapping measurements. Measurements were performed on 31 austenitic stainless steel sections formed from three different production routes: hot-rolling, cold-rolling and press-braking. Spectral analysis was carried out on the imperfections to obtain information on the periodic nature of the profiles. Two series were used to model the profile firstly the orthogonal cosine and sine functions in a classic Fourier transform and secondly a half sine series. Results were compared to the relevant tolerance standards. Simple predictive tools for both local and global imperfections have been developed to enable representative geometric imperfections to be incorporated into numerical models and design methods.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.437-444
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• 2007

A CMOS frequency synthesizer block for multi-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing ultra-wideband systems is proposed. The proposed frequency synthesizer adopts a double-conversion architecture for simplicity and to mitigate spur suppression requirements for out-of-band interferers in 2.4 and 5 GHz bands. Moreover, the frequency synthesizer can consist of the fewest nonlinear components, such as divide-by-Ns and a mixer with the proposed frequency plan, leading to the generation of less spurs. To evaluate the feasibility of the proposed idea, the frequency synthesizer block is implemented in 0.18-${\mu}m$ CMOS technology. The measured sideband suppression ratio is about 32 dBc, and the phase noise is -105 dBc/Hz at an offset of 1 MHz. The fabricated chip consumes 17.6 mA from a 1.8 V supply, and the die-area including pads is $0.9{\times}1.1\;mm^2$.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.80-88
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• 1997

A new wall impaction model for diesel spray is described in this paper. The gas phase is modelled in terms of the Eulerian continuum conservation equations of mass, momentum, energy and fuel vapour fraction. The liquid phase is modelled following the discrete droplet model approach. The droplet parcel contains many thousands of drops assumed to have the same size, temperature and velocity components. The droplet parcel equations of trajectory, momentum, mass and energy are written in Lagrangian form. The new drop-wall interaction model is proposed, which is based on experimental investigations on individual drops, and it is applied for the general non-orthogonal grid. The model is then assessed through comparison with experiments over a wide range of test conditions of sprays. The results are in good agreement with experimental data.