• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.65-72
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• 2016

Purpose - This study is to examine the effect of Korean Wave (Hallyu) towards consumer purchase intention of Korean Product in Indonesia. In addition, this study also investigates the image of Korea whether it can give an impact on Indonesian consumers' intention to purchase Korean Products. Research design, data, and methodology - A total of 227 respondents from Indonesian consumers were collected using online surveys. The results from this survey were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) to identify each of the factors. Multiple regression and process analysis (designed by Andrew F. Hayes) were conducted to test the hypotheses. Results - This research found that 'Korean Wave', 'Ethnocentrism', and 'Country-of-Origin Image' significantly affected consumer purchase intention towards Korean Products in Indonesia, while 'Country Image' on the purchase intention was not significant affected the purchase intention. Conclusions - Study findings provide useful information for business practitioners and government to develop and maintain the use of Korean Wave in the business and marketing fields. By only referring to the image of country, it will be difficult for the consumers to decide whether they want to purchase the products or not. In other words, the favorable image of Korea, usually represented by high level of industrialization and economy, is more likely to be enhanced by favorable image of product and Korean cultural wave.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.121-144
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• 2009

Consumers generally have different country images and purchasing patterns about products made in different countries. The essence of consumer behavior lies in psychological image on consumers' mind rather than actual characteristics of product itself. The current study examines how much country of origin influences consumers' purchase intentions focusing on Mexican products by consumers between Korea and the U.S. after establishment of NAFTA. The result of the study shows that there exists significant differences between Korean and the U.S. consumers' attitudes on purchasing Mexican products by structural equation modeling analyses.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.69-79
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of national image, brand image, and country of origin on Chinese consumer's purchase attitude and purchase intention of Korean cosmetic products which applied a high and/or convergence technology. The survey was completed by chinese customers and the data is analysis with SPSS 21.0. The results show that national image, brand image, and country of origin image have a positive impact on Chinese consumer's purchase attitude and purchase intention. This results imply that when Korean companies enter into chinese markets, if they perform very aggressive promotion activities on national image, brand image, and country of origin image, they can be successful by transforming positively chinese consumer's purchase attitude and purchase intention of Korean products.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.71-98
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• 2008

Considerably many numbers of studies on country-of-origin(hereafter COO) effects have been presented in international business and marketing areas. Recent studies have been included the effects of COO of manufacture, parts, and design, as well as the effects of brand origin, reflected by the accelerating convergent manufacture circumstances and increasingly competitive environments. Moderating constructs such as knowledge of product category and involvement as individual variables, have been also introduced and researched in various angles. In addition, how the effects of COO occur as processes is also argued in previous studies. This research has attempted to explain business corporation's strategic decisions on choosing a domain of its product manufacturing for several critical reasons, for cost reduction or better image. We displayed two constructs of brand and manufacture in a positive and negative country image group to reconfirm the existence of the effects of COO. Additionally, the effects of respondents' regulatory fit between their motivational focus and the contents of product messages, have been declared. Furthermore the respondents' motivational focus moderates the main effect of COO on product evaluations in a positive 'made-in' combination, while, surprisingly, it does not statistically moderate in a negative, except attitude. Based on the results, implications and suggestions on how to plan and execute more effective marketing strategies regarding COO dimensions, especially COO of manufacture, are separately presented for each situations when it has already been determined and when it is to be.

• Product Safety
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• s.92
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• pp.32-35
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• 2001

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.155-173
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• 2013

Since the 1990s, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) issues have been attracting more and more attention from companies and researchers alike. The purchasing behavior of consumers is directly related to not only a company's financial performance, but also the future development of the company. Much of the previous research regarding CSR has mainly focused on the perspectives of enterprises. This paper aims to study the impact of CSR on purchase intention in three aspects - consumer, company and country. We decided to use Samsung to describe the impact of CSR on consumer purchase intentions in China. The results of this study revealed that CSR has a positive impact on the consumer-company identification, corporate reputation and country of origin image. Consumer-company identification turned out to be amore important moderator between CSR and consumers' purchase intentions than country of origin image and corporate reputation.

• The monthly packaging world
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• s.300
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• pp.61-66
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• 2018

• The Journal of shipping and logistics
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.245-264
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• 2019

With the first agrement in 2004, Korea(ROK) has been one of the most active countries participating in FTA. Companies should meet some requirements to use preferential tariff benefits of FTA. For example, it is required for firms to fulfil the origin criteria and direct transportation principles. This study is designed to provide important factors determining reliability of FTA Origin Certificate. In specific, characteries of firm(trade experience, professional expertise), country (FTA participation, economic development) and product(processing level, value pricing) are investigated as determinants of how trust FTA origin certificate. According to the theoretical foundation and previous studies, this study made 6 hypotheses. SEM(Structural Equation Modeling) was used to test empirically the hypothesized relationships among variables. The empirical findings show that trade experience, professional expertise and FTA participation are important determinants. In other words, firms can trust more FTA Origin Certificate by trading partners with more trading experiences and professional expertises located in countries where participate actively in FTA.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.205-230
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• 2007

In modern manufacturing practice it is sometimes necessary to send products to another country for special processing which cannot be performed inside the territory of the zone and Outward Processing(OP) covers such situation. What's more, process and Rules of Origin(RoO) of OP is implicated in Korea' Free Trade Agreement(Korea-Singapore, Korea-EFTA and Korea-Asean FTA) because of the goods to be producted in Kaesong Industrial Complex. Thus, In this paper analyse a implication of OP's process and RoO focused on the two fold : (1) provide an overview of the objectives, types, effects of Outward Processing described in customs law and FTA provisions of EU and Korea; (2) present a comparative analysis of EU and Korean rules; (3) offer an appropriate proposal to Korea-EU FTA negotiation.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.155-167
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• 2015

This study aims to examine the knowledge level of culinary staff members regarding the restaurant country- oforigin labeling system by developing a scale to investigate and evaluate such knowledge levels. The empirical study targeted culinary staff members with over 7 years of experience in 10 luxury hotels in Seoul who were approached through the convenience sampling method, which was conducted for 14 days from November 14th to 27th, 2014. A total of 192 self-administered questionnaires were collected, of which 186 questionnaires(93%) were used for the final analysis. For investigation and analysis, a frequency analysis was carried out to look into population statistics and the level of knowledge using the SPSS 18.0 statistics program. One-way ANOVA and t-test were carried out to investigate differences in knowledge levels of restaurant country-of-origin labeling system with reference to academic background, job position, and hotel management type. As the result, the average correct answer rate of the culinary staff members for a total of 21 questions was 39.85% and there were no significant differences based on the academic background. However, the correct answer rate was higher for respondents that held high positions and had independently managed hotels, suggesting that knowledge varied depending on job position and management type. In conclusion, it is suggested that in order to improve the level of knowledge of the restaurant country-of-origin labeling system among culinary staff members there is a need to enhance training and continuous supervision to apply the knowledge to work in future. In addition to this, this study discussed the limits of the study and the orientation of further research.