• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.123-133
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• 2016

Purpose - Understanding how service convenience drives shopping performance is imperative for retailers such as department and large discount stores. Retailers have to enhance shopping productivity by reducing the costs of shopping, as convenience triggers customers' perceived shopping value, leading to customer satisfaction, and ultimately patronage behavior. Consumers, generally considering time as a scarce resource, are more sensitive to the time costs of tasks in regard to shopping trip, differently from forming perceptions of convenience in time orientation. Therefore, this study attempts to examine the moderating effects of consumers' time orientation on the relationships among service convenience of retailers and shopping performances such as shopping value and service performances. Research design, data, and methodology - The department and discount store chains were chosen as the point of analysis in this study. Data were collected from a survey of real-life consumers and all respondents were screened to ensure only those who had visited in the department and discount store chains within past six month prior to the day of data collection. Out of 600 self-reported surveys that were distributed, a total of 530 responses were returned and after excluding 20 incomplete responses, the final sample size was 510. The three hypotheses were proposed and tested in this study. The one hypothesis was on the moderating effects of time orientation for the effects of service convenience on shopping value (hedonic and utilitarian shopping value). The other two hypotheses were on the comparisons between high and low time-oriented customers with the effects in shopping value from service performance. Hierarchical moderated regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. Results - The results suggest that the effect of service convenience on utilitarian shopping value and the positive effect of utilitarian shopping value on customer satisfaction are greater in low time orientation than high time orientation customers. Conversely, when customers are highly oriented toward time, the effects of hedonic shopping value on customer satisfaction and revisit intention are greater than for customers who are lowly oriented toward time. Conclusions - This study has two-fold significance. First, this study contributes to the consumer behavior and services marketing literature by incorporating customers' time orientation into the service convenience-shopping performance. Although the effect of service convenience on shopping performance might differ from customers' perceptions concerning shopping, there has been little investigation or comparison between customers' perception on time. This study is a first attempt to consider how the effects of service convenience on shopping value and service performance vary with differing levels of customers' time orientation. This study advances prior studies by showing that the service convenience-shopping value and service convenience-service performance relationships vary across different combinations of the customer's time orientation. The findings of this study suggest that the retailers need to enhance the experiential aspects of the stores for their high time-oriented customers. Conversely, for the low time-oriented customers, the retailers should boost the visual distinctiveness and ease of store navigation.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 1996

This paper represents a new powertrain simulation methodology using the object-oriented programming paradigm. The advantage of the object-oriented is the module interchangeability and simulation flexibility. Powertrain subsystems and controller modules are implemented using the MEX files in MATLAB Simulink in this paper, preserving module interchangeability. Currently, the required CPU time on a 75MHz Pentium PC is about three times the real time. It is anticipated that the "Automotive Powersystem Toolbox" being developed in this research would be of much utility in designing subsystem controllers as well as in designing subsystem mechanicals.chanicals.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of Teacher Participation-oriented Education Program (TPEP) for Elementary School Teachers to Improve Class Expertise in Science Classes with a focus on visual attention. The participants were two elementary school teachers in Seoul and taught science subjects. The lesson topic applied to this study were 'Structure and Function of Our Body' in the second semester of fifth grade and 'Volcano and Earthquake' in the second semester of fourth grade. The mobile eye tracker SMI's ETG 2w, which is a binocular tracking system was used in this study. In this study, the actual practice time, participant's visual attention, visual intake time average, and visual intake time average were analyzed by class phase. The results of the study are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the actual class execution time, the actual class execution time was almost in line with the lesson plan after the TPEP application. Second, visual attention in the areas related to teaching and learning activities was high after applying TPEP. Factors affecting the progress of the class and cognitive burdens were identified quantitatively and objectively through visual attention. Third, as a result of analyzing the visual intake time average of participants, there was a statistically significant difference in all classes. Fourth, as a result of analyzing the visual intake time average of participants, the results were statistically significant in the introduction(video), activity 1, activity 2, and activity 3 stages in the lecture type class. The Teacher Participation-oriented Education Program (TPEP) for Elementary School Teachers to Improve Class Expertise in Science Classes can extend elementary science class expertise such as self-class analysis, eye tracking, linguistic, gesture, and class design beyond traditional class analysis and consulting.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제10A권3호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2003

객체 지향 분산 실시간 시스템은 1990년도에 시작되어 현재 빠르게 급성장하고 있는 공학의 한 분야이다. 분산 실시간 시뮬레이션은 실시간의 초기 분야로서 실시간 시뮬레이션의 중요함을 광범위하게 나타냈으며 점진적으로 시뮬레이션이 크게 사용 할 수 있음을 TMO를 통해 보인다. 분산 시간-구동 시뮬레이션 구조도 개념적으로 간단하고, 사용하기 쉬우며, 또한 광범위하게 적용 및 응용이 가능함도 연구한다. 차세대 객체 지향 실시간 시뮬레이션 프로그래밍 구조에서 시간구동과 메시지 구동 객체지향(TMO) 프로그래밍 구조를 실시간 시뮬레이션 프로그래밍의 특별한 예시로서 사용하였다. 연구에서 제시한 TMO 구조도 일반적인 형태의 컴포넌트 구조로 이루어졌기 때문에 구조 내에서 실시간 객체 또는 비실시간 객체를 포함한 모든 형태의 컴포넌트 설계 등으로 지원함을 보인다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.1937-1947
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• 1996

객체 지향 개발 방법을 이용하여 실시간 시스템을 개발할 경우에는 반드시 시간제약 문제를 고려해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 사건의 발생에 따른 시스템의 상태 변이를 상태도로 나타내는 동적 모델에 대한 실시간 규격화로서, OMT와 SDL을 이용한 객체 지향 실시간 시스템 모델링 방법을 제안하였다. 현재 가장 널리 활용되고 있는 OMT방법론의 분석과정에서 생성되는 동적 모델에 실시간 시스템의 시간제약을 반영함으로써 예상시간 도표를 작성하였고, 실시간 예측이 가능하도록 순차 수행, 반복 수행, 병렬 수행에 대한 최대 및 최소 실시간 예측 공식을 제시하였다. 또한, 제안된 방법론을 이용하여 ATM 시스템의 최대 수행 시간을 예측해 보았고 객체 상호 작용 그래프와 SDL의 구문적 표현을 이용하여 ATM 시스템의 사용자 인터페이스에 대한 기능 명세서를 기술하였다.

• 한국데이타베이스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국데이타베이스학회 1997년도 International Conference MULTIMEDIA DATABASES on INTERNET
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• pp.483-503
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• 1997

객체지향 데이터베이스 시스템에서 시간지원 데이터베이스를 다룰 때 발생하는 중요한 문제는 관계 의미에 따라 시간과 속성을 결합하는 방법에 있다. 관계형 모델처럼 속성 버전화에 대한 기존의 연구 결과는 시간지원 객체지향 모델에 적용할 수 없다. 이것은 객체지향 모델이 복합 객체를 구성하기 위해서 기존의 모델보다 더욱 강력한 구성자들을 제공하기 때문이다. 그래서 이 논문은 객체지향 데이터베이스에 시간 개념을 통합하기 위한 형식적 접근방법을 제안한다. 이 논문의 목적은 객체 사이에 관계하는 일반화, 집단화와 연관화에 따라 시간지원 객체지향 데이터베이스 표현을 연구하는 것이다. 이 논문은 시간지원 객체지향 모델에서 속성 버전화의 개념을 정의하고, 객체 사이에 존재하는 관계에 대해서 시간을 표현하는 것에 중점을 둔다. 또한 관계 의미에 대한 제약조건을 규정하고, 표현 기준에 기반하여 검토한다. 이 논문은 객체지향 데이터 모델을 형식화함으로서 대수 연산자를 설계시 강력한 연산 기능을 제공할 뿐만 아니라 모듈의 재사용성을 제공할 수 있다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.266-276
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• 2000

This study was designed to examine the consumers' fashion store choice process based on the wedding dress stores, and also to find the consumers' shopping orientation and store attributes affects to store choice process. This study adapted a survey method. Each 48 wedding dress stores in Ahyun-dong and Kangnam were selected, and 325 women who got married within 2 years ago were recruited, convenient sampled as the subjects and the survey methodology was used for data collection. And convenience sampling method was used for data collection. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; First, wedding dress buyers wear classified into four subdivisions by shopping orientation; reputation-oriented group, utility-oriented group, fashion-oriented group, and time-oriented group. Second, there was significant differences in store choice type between shopping orientation group. Third, in case of important ranks on store attributes, evaluation of store attributes for each step-consideration step, visit step and choice step-was revealed to be coherent. Fourth, there was differences in important ranks among each groups. The most important attribute for all the groups was design, but reputation-oriented group raid importance to reputation of store, utility-oriented group and time-oriented group to economy, and fashion-oriented group to variety than other groups. Firth, there was no significant difference in attitude for wedding dress stores by shopping orientation groups and demographic characteristics.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2014

While utilizing high resolution satellite image for land use classification has been popularized, object-oriented classification has been adapted as an affordable classification method rather than conventional statistical classification. The aim of this study is to extract the paddy field area using object-oriented classification with time series NDVI from high-resolution satellite images, and the RapidEye satellite images of Jaeryung-gun in North Korea were used. For the implementation of object-oriented classification, creating objects by setting of scale and color factors was conducted, then 3 different land use categories including paddy field, forest and water bodies were extracted from the objects applying the variation of time-series NDVI. The unclassified objects which were not involved into the previous extraction classified into 6 categories using unsupervised classification by clustering analysis. Finally, the unsuitable paddy field area were assorted from the topographic factors such as elevation and slope. As the results, about 33.6 % of the total area (32313.1 ha) were classified to the paddy field (10847.9 ha) and 851.0 ha was classified to the unsuitable paddy field based on the topographic factors. The user accuracy of paddy field classification was calculated to 83.3 %, and among those, about 60.0 % of total paddy fields were classified from the time-series NDVI before the unsupervised classification. Other land covers were classified as to upland(5255.2 ha), forest (10961.0 ha), residential area and bare land (3309.6 ha), and lake and river (1784.4 ha) from this object-oriented classification.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.129-143
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to provide the contents and effective methods of educational program for human resource development focused on the full-time housewives. For this purpose the case interviewed with 24 professionals and management leaders of women education field are performed and 445 questionares from full time housewives who participate in at least one education program are analyzed. The findings of this study are followed. 1. The most preferred programs are sports/health program(28.8%), leisure program(26.5%), household income management program(15.9%), culture/arts program(15.2%) in percentage order. And the first preferred motivation of participation in the programs is the self development(38.4%). 2. The positive effect of program is founded more with participants in family oriented program and society oriented program than in individual oriented program. And the satisfaction degree of participants in family oriented program is higher than in individual/society oriented program. 3. The degree of demands for Program management and program characteristics is higher than the demands for program installations and program supplying methods. 4. In the area of effectiveness methods the demands for program systematization according to program level are most referred.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.45-57
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• 2018

Purpose : This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of an task oriented training program combined with action-observation on balance and gait ability of patients with chronic stroke. Method : The subjects of this study were 30 patients with hemiplegia who agreed to participate and were picked up. Participants were randomly divided into equal groups; namely, an experimental group that underwent task oriented training combined with action-observation for at least 30 minutes/day for 6 weeks and a control group that underwent general task-oriented training. Patients' balance was assessed using the Sway Length, Sway Area and Limit of Stability test. In addition, gait ability was assessed using the 10 Meter Walking Test to measure the taken to walk 10 meters. Gait time and speed taken to walk 10 meters were used to examine gait ability. Results : There were significant improvements in the subscales of the balance and gait ability test of those who participated in the action-observational training program, while the control group showed only significant changes in the evaluation items of the sway length in eyes opened condition and gait time. Conclusion : Therefore, Action-observational training program effectively improved the balance and gait ability in patients with stroke.