• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.294-301
• /
• 1997

Fatty acid, amino acid and organic acid contents were analyzed by gas chromatography, amino acid analyzer and high pressure liquid chromatography, respectively, in order to compare the chemical constituents of upland wasabi plant propagated by seed and auxiliary bud. Total fatty acid content and fatty acid composition of upland wasabi were not affected by the propagation methods. Generally, fatty acid content of leaf was higher than that of other parts such as enlarged stem, petiole, peduncle and root. In fatty acid composition, leaf had highest content of linolenic acid, 60-63%, in plant propagated by both seed and auxiliary bud, followed by palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid in the order. Similarly, total amino acid content was not influenced by propagation methods but plant propagated by seed had higher amount of amino acid content in enlarged stem, petiole and root than that by auxiliary bud -propagated plant. A total of 17 amino acids including 7 essential amino acids were identified in both seed and auxiliary bud propagations. Like total fatty acid content and fatty acid composition, leaf contained high amount of amino acids, especially glutamic acid, asparatic acid and leucine. Organic acid contents were similar in both propagation methods. The major organic acid in upland wasabi was acetic acid (60.0-78.2%), followed by succinic acid (9.9-29.7%) and malic acid (2.9-7.9%). Maleic acid content was least (0.5-2.6%). The result indicates that content and composition of fatty acid, amino acid, and organic acid in upland wasabi were not influenced by propagation methods.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.109-111
• /
• 1972

The study is carried out in laboratory to investigate fungicidal activity of Dithane M-45 as a seed treatant. For use in rice seed, Dithane M-45 is more effective fungicide than organic mercuric compounds. The adequate concentration of Dithane M-45 is 1000 ppm and about 6 hours is proper duration to control seed borne pathogen on rice. Dithane M-45, however, is not good enough to control Fusarium spp. in various concentration levels.

• Plant Resources
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.13-16
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to develop effective production system in greenhouse for leaves and stems of Angelica acutiloba by fertilizing of Sta-Green in pots. The results obtained are summarized as follows. Germination rate of Angelica acutiloba seeds collected in 2003 was $13\%$, while germination rate of seeds Collected in 2004 was above $91\%$. Seed germination rate and plant biomass of Angelica acutiloba collected in 2004 were higher than seed gathering in 2003. Especially, plant growth and yield of Angelica acutiloba grown in pot(The pots was filled with soil mixtures of Sta-Green and Peat Moss mixed with 45:55 ratio.) was the highest. These results indicate that leaf and stem production of Angelica acutiloba can be improved by fertilizing of Sta-Green in pots and optimizing seed collecting time in greenhouse.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.218-221
• /
• 2013

Korean cabbage, a member of the Brassicaceae family which also includes cauliflower, mustard, radish, and turnip plants, is a crucial leafy vegetable crop. Korean cabbage is harvested after completion of the leaf heading process and is often prepared for use in "baechu kimchi", a traditional Korean food. Many of the components in Korean cabbage are essential for proper human nutrition; these components can be divided into two groups: primary metabolites, which include carbohydrates, amino acids, fatty acids, and organic acids, and secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, carotenoids, sterols, phenolic acids, alkaloids, and glucosinolates (GSLs). Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, this study examined the variety of volatile compounds (including isothiocyanates) contained in Korean cabbage and its seed, which resulted in the identification of 16 and 12 volatile compounds, respectively. The primary volatile compound found in the cabbage was ethyl linoleolate (~23%), while 4,5-epithiovaleronitrile (~46%) was the primary volatile component in the seed.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.45-66
• /
• 1996

In Korea there is still no basic standard for organic agriculture and organic farmers in Korea do not follow the minimum requirements of IFOAM basic standard Most of them just practice the organic agriculture applying organic fertilizer, commercial seed without legume, rotation and green manure. But they believe this system is a absolutely environmental friendly agricultural system and it produce a safe agricultural product since they are not aware of the basic standard of organic agriculture at all. The overuse of organic fertilizer by some organic farmer have caused some severe problems risk for nitrate and phosphate leaching. In soil profile showed the potential risk for nitrate and phosphate leaching. In the paper, it is discussed on the environmental friendly function and the safe vegetable production by european organic agriculture which keeps the internationally recognized basic standards of organic agriculture. Therefore it is strongly recommended that korean organic farmer have to follow the IFOAM it is strongly in order to practice the environmental agriculture and produce the safe food. And it is also necessary to introduce to Korea the basic standard of organic agriculture which coincides with IFOAM's and Codex of FAO/WHO immediately if they really want to practice an organic agriculture in the country.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.74-78
• /
• 2010

This experiment was carried out to select suitable organic matter in To-jik nursery (self soil nursery) for complement To-jik nursery's defects that are deterioration of raw material by poor quality of seed ginseng and reduction of the quantity in seed ginseng production. Organic matter used were Yacto, rice bean, defatted rice bran, soybean cake and their mixture. As follows, bulk density in soil physical property by treating organic composts was the greatest in soybean cake and the next was followed by mix, Yacto, defatted rice bran, and rice bran treatment in order. Soil pore space ratio was totally the opposite; that was rice bran the first and followed by defatted rice bran, Yacto, mix and soybean cake treatment. The incidence rate of damping off by treating organic composts was 1.5% in both soybean cake and mix while the others was 1.0%. Emergence time was the same among treatment on April 16 and Emergence rate was the highest at 73% in Yacto. There was no significant differences among treatment in the growth of aboveground part but it was a little better in defatted rice bran treatment. In Yacto treatment, the growth of underground part, total root number per kan, rate of first grade ginseng seedling, and rate of usable ginseng seedling etc. were entirely higher but there was little differences. Using defatted rice bran was slightly lower in productivity compared to Yacto, but the possibility was high as a alternative for Yacto in a view of managing cost down.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.54 no.3
• /
• pp.293-297
• /
• 2021

Herein, two experiments were performed to determine the appropriate pH range and immersion time for organic acid-activating treatment (OAT) in a Pyropia farm. The effects of pH (0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, 1.50, 1.75, and 2.00) on the cell mortality of Pyropia yezoensis and Ulva linza thalli were tested after 20 sec of immersion under OAT. In addition, the cell mortality of the two species was estimated under various combinations of immersion time (30, 60, and 120 sec) and pH (1.00, 1.50, and 2.00). Upon 20 sec of immersion under OAT conditions, the cell mortality of P. yezoensis did not differ at any pH but that of U. linza exceeded 90% at a pH range of 0.50-1.00. P. yezoensis showed little cell mortality upon 30 sec of immersion, but its mortality exceeded 55% upon 120 sec of immersion at a pH range of 1.00-1.50. U. linza showed 67.9-100% mortality at a pH of 1.50 and 100% mortality at a pH of 1.00, regardless of the immersion time (30-120 sec). These results indicate that for the effective removal of U. linza, the optimal pH range is 1.00-1.50 and the optimal immersion time is 20-30 sec.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.37-42
• /
• 2018

It is noted that Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) triggers dental caries establishment by two major factors: the synthesis of organic acids, which demineralize dental enamel, and the synthesis of glucans, which mediate the attachment of bacteria to the tooth surface. Therefore, it is noted that the development of a more effective, substantial and safe preventive agent that works against dental caries and periodontal disease is required at this time. For this reason, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of croton seed ethanol extracts on the growth, acid production, adhesion, and insoluble glucan synthesis of S. mutans. In this case, the ethanol extract of croton seed showed concentration dependent inhibitory activity against the growth, acid production and adhesion of S. mutans. Especially, it is important to note that it has produced significant inhibition at the concentration of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/ml as compared to the control group. Moreover, these results suggest that the application of croton seed extract may be considered to be a useful method for the prevention of dental caries.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.124-131
• /
• 1995

In order to find out optimum seed production date according to different defoliation and flooding period of Italian ryegrass, this studies with Tetrone were canied out on the experimental field of Honam Crop Experiment Station from 1986 to 1988. Treatments included cutting date of Nov. 20 and Apr. 10 and flooding period of 5-25 days. In soil after experiment, organic matter, phosphate and silicate content increased, but potassium content decreased 0.16% than that before experiment. Heading and maturing date of Nov. 20 cutting were same with those of non cutting, those of Apr. 10 cutting lates 6 days to heading date and 2 days to maturing date. Plant height and culm length of Nov. 20 cutting were sirniller to those of non cutting, those of Apr. 10 cutting were shorter and panicle length have no difference between non cutting and cutting. Lodging of cutting treatment was reduced than that of non cutting. Lodgin was increased as flooding period was long, also loding of all treatment occured at 30 days after heading. Two cutting times of Nov. 20 and Apr. 10 have the most fresh yield, while non cutting have the most dry matter yield. Optimun seed productin date was considered to suitable when 35 days after heading (Jun. 14), at this time, seed production was 1,640 to 2,640 kg/ha. Also if flooding j u r y have, seed production was good between 10 days and 15 days after flooding.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2013.08a
• /
• pp.252.2-252.2
• /
• 2013

ZnO nanostructures have a lot of interest for decades due to its varied applications such as light-emitting devices, power generators, solar cells, and sensing devices etc. To get the high performance of these devices, the factors of nanostructure geometry, spacing, and alignment are important. So, Patterning of vertically- aligned ZnO nanowires are currently attractive. However, many of ZnO nanowire or nanorod fabrication methods are needs high temperature, such vapor phase transport process, metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy, thermal evaporation, pulse laser deposition and thermal chemical vapor deposition. While hydrothermal process has great advantages-low temperature (less than $100^{\circ}C$), simple steps, short time consuming, without catalyst, and relatively ease to control than as mentioned various methods. In this work, we investigate the dependence of ZnO nanowire alignment and morphology on si substrate using of nanosphere template with various precursor concentration and components via hydrothermal process. The brief experimental scheme is as follow. First synthesized ZnO seed solution was spun coated on to cleaned Si substrate, and then annealed $350^{\circ}C$ for 1h in the furnace. Second, 200nm sized close-packed nanospheres were formed on the seed layer-coated substrate by using of gas-liquid-solid interfacial self-assembly method and drying in vaccum desicator for about a day to enhance the adhesion between seed layer and nanospheres. After that, zinc oxide nanowires were synthesized using a low temperature hydrothermal method based on alkali solution. The specimens were immersed upside down in the autoclave bath to prevent some precipitates which formed and covered on the surface. The hydrothermal conditions such as growth temperature, growth time, solution concentration, and additives are variously performed to optimize the morphologies of nanowire. To characterize the crystal structure of seed layer and nanowires, morphology, and optical properties, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) studies were investigated.