• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.519-533
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• 2012

In this study, of currently being implemented organic cultivation in rice, the economic effects of snail agriculture, natural circulation agriculture, stevia agriculture and art nature agriculture were compared and analyzed. Analysis results showed that the economic effects of selling price per 10a, gross margin and agricultural income were increased, compared to those of previous agricultural techniques. In addition, the comparison results of economic effects by agricultural techniques showed that the agricultural income per 10a of organic cultivation were increased from the national average, compared to that of conventional cultivation. These economic effects analysis by agricultural techniques can help in the decisionmaking of farmers for the adoption of agricultural techniques in the future.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.117-125
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• 1997

For the environmental protection, it is more desirable to use compost rather than chemical fertilizer. So in this paper, the effects of compost upon the rice quality were investigated with Hwajin Rice as the test variety. The rice quality and physicochemical characteristics were examined and the resrlts are as follows. As to the rice quality, the rate of polished rice was high in the non-fertilizer and the compost plot, the degree of transparency was high in the order of the traditional, the compost+urea, the compost and the non-fertilizer plot. The amylose content (one of the physicochemical characteristies of the rice), the rate of Mg/K, and the adhesivity and the cohesion power (charateristies of texturogram which show the density of boiled rice) were also high in the compost polt. Among the amylogram characteristics, the gelatinization temperature was lowest in the compost plot ; the lowest and the highest degree of viscosity and the break down were also inclined to be higher in the compost plot than in the traditional plot. After the soil test, the components of available phosphorus, organic matters, calcium, magnesium, potassinm and silicate increased in the soil as compared with those before test.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.129-133
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• 2001

1979년부터 1999년까지 21년간 유기물원으로서 볏짚과 퇴비를 연용하여 토양이 화학성 및 벼수량에 미치는 영향을 검토한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 유기물종류별 토양화학성 변화는 유기물 무시용구에 비하여 볏짚구와 퇴비구에서 토양화학성이 양호하였으며 특히 유기물과 전질소함량이 유기물시용구에서 높았다. 토양물리성변화도 유기물 무시용구에 비하여 유기물시용구에서 경도와 용적밀도가 낮았고 공극율이 높아서 토양물리성이 개선되는 효과가 있었다. 수도체중 질소흡수량은 유기물 무시용구 보다는 유기물 시용구가 놓았으며 유기물종류별로는 볏짚구 보다도 퇴비구가 높았다. 수도 수량량변화는 유기물 무시용에 비하여 유기물시용구의 수량이 높았고 질소수준이 높을수록 수량이 높았다. 유기물종류별로는 볏짚구에 비하여 퇴비구에서 수량이 높은 경향을 나타냈다. 연차별 양분보유능력변화는 유기물무시용에서는 '79년부터 '85년까지는 큰 변화가 없었으나 '87년 이후에는 떨어지는 경향이었고, 볏짚구나 퇴비구에서는 20년간 큰 변화가 없었다. 연차별 수량 변화 역시 유기물무시용에서는 계속 떨어지는 경향이었으나 볏짚구나 퇴비시용구에서는 큰 변화가 없었다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권spc호
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• pp.92-95
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• 2011

The initial investment of rice cultivation by mechanical technique was high. This was only due to the cost of planting machine. We analysed the overall cost (without machine cost) and benefits of the two methods, it manifested that the mechanical method is very much beneficial over traditional rice cultivation technique. We observed that the requirement of soil, irrigation water, number of seeds etc. decreased in mechanical cultivation technique while net income increase by 13.07% with 80% government subsidy. Furthermore, the initial rooting was quicker, growth and development of pot raised seedlings was better than the traditional technique. Hence, this technique can give better return to the farmers with the help of government subsidy.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2008

안전농산물에 대한 국민의 관심 증대와 농업환경자원의 유지 보전을 위한 지속적인 농업생산 방안으로 친환경농업 육성의 필요성이 증대되어 왔다. 이에 우리나라에서는 친환경 농업이 빠르게 성장하여 1999년 1300호였던 인증농가가 2007년에는 100배 증가하여 13만호에 이르고 있다. 그러나 친환경농업의 빠른 증가 추세에도 불구하고 친환경농업이 농업생태계에 미치는 영향에 대한 정량적인 연구는 미흡한 실정으로 친환경농업의 올바른 확산을 위해서는 농업생태계에 미치는 영향을 규명하고, 지속가능성을 정량화하는 연구가 필요하다. 이에 친환경농업의 지속가능성을 평가하고자 2006년부터 2007년까지 완주군 고산면 광역친환경농업단지 벼유기농업단지에서 쌀생산 시 에너지효율 및 양분수지를 조사하였다. 그 결과 벼유기농업단지가 관행논보다 에너지효율은 낮았으나 재생가능한 에너지 자원을 사용하는 유기농법이 화학비료나 농약을 사용하는 관행농법에 비하여 자원이용의 지속가능도는 높았다. 또한 벼유기농업단지는 과량의 축분퇴비 시용으로 토양 내 인산과 칼륨이 과다 축적되어 있으므로 축분 퇴비의 시용량을 줄이고 질소대비 인산과 칼륨의 함량이 비교적 낮은 자운영 등을 이용한 시비개선이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2023

This batch experiment evaluated the impacts of major plant nutrient releases by applying the modified Hyperbola model on the leachates and N₂O emissions from incorporated rice hull biochar with organic fertilizer materials. The treatments consisted of the control as incorporated with organic fertilizer materials, the incorporated rice hull biochar with organic fertilizer materials, and the incorporated plasma-activated rice hull biochar with organic fertilizer materials under redox conditions. The results indicated that the maximum release amount of NH₄-N was 3486.3 mg L^-1 in the control, and their reduction rates of NH₄-N, NO₃-N, PO₄-P, and K were 8.0%, 17.5% 44.3.0% and 8.7%, respectively, relative to the control. In the control, the highest soluble amount of PO₄-P was 681.0 mg L^-1. The estimations for accumulated NH₄-N, NO₃-N, PO₄-P, and K-releases in all the treatments were significantly (p<0.01) fitted with a modified Hyperbola model. For greenhouse gas emissions, the lowest cumulative N₂O was 340.4 mg kg^-1 in the soil incorporated with plasma-activated rice hull biochar, and the reduction rates were 27.8% and 86.4% in the rice hull biochar and plasma-activated rice hull biochar treatments, respectively, compared to the control. Therefore, it concluded that the incorporated rice hull biochar can be especially useful for controlling PO₄-P release and N₂O emissions for bio-fertilizer applications.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.241-245
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• 2011

본 연구는 유기재배 벼 시비에 있어서 주로 이용되는 유기자재가 토양화학성과 벼의 수확량과 품질에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 구명하기 위해서 수행되었다. 전남지역 벼 유기재배에서 양분공급원으로 많이 이용되는 금수강산골드를 compost I으로 하였다. 식물성 성분이 많이 함유된 자재(쌀겨팰렛$^{(R)}$)를 compost II, 생선가공부산물을 별도로 추가 제조한 자재(참달콤$^{(R)}$)를 compost III, 그리고 동물성과 식물성이 혼합된 자재(한가위$^{(R)}$)를 compost IV로 나누어서, 벼 이앙 후에 표층시비로 토양에 골고루 처리하였다. 유기자재내의 탄소 :질소율이 상대적으로 낮았던 compost I과 III가 compost II와 IV에 비교하여 시기별로 유기자재내 질소의 무기태화가 빠르게 진행되었다. 유기자재에 따른 토양의 화학성은 별다른 영향을 받지 않았고 토양의 시기별 유기물 함량은 유기자재 투입량이 많았던 compost II와 IV가 높게 나타났고 이는 biomass C에도 영향을 주었다. 처리에 따른 벼 수확량은 시용 첫해에는 compost I에서 높았지만 시용 2년차와 3년차에는 처리에 따른 차이는 나타나지 않았다.

• 한국유기농업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유기농업학회 2001년도 상반기 심포지엄 및 학술발표대회
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• pp.1-24
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• 2001

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2007

Rice bran application just after transplanting has been increasingly practiced as an herbicide-substitute for organic rice production in Korea. However, this practice is frequently reported to be unsatisfactory in weed suppression. An experiment with five treatments that combines flooding depth, rice bran application dose, and herbicide treatment was done in the paddy field to evaluate whether rice bran application under deep flooding can lead to a successful weed control in compensation for the single practice of rice bran application. Rice bran was broadcasted on the flood water surface just after deep flooding of 8 to 10cm that was started at seven days after transplanting. In the shallow flooding plot without herbicide six weed species were recorded: Monochoria vaginalis, Echinochloa crus-galli, Ludvigia prostrate, Cyperus amuricus, Aneima keisak, and Bidens tripartite. Among the first four dominant weed species, deep flooding significantly suppressed the occurrence of Echinochloa crus-galli and Cyperus amuricus while did not suppress the occurrence of Monochoria vaginalis and Ludwigia prostrate. On the contrary, rice bran application under deep flooding suppressed significantly Monochoria vaginalis and Ludwigia prostrate while didn't exert an additional suppression of Echinochloa crus-galli and Cyperus amuricus compared to deep flooding alone. Rice bran application and deep flooding suppressed complimentarily all the six weed species to a satisfactory extent except for Monochoria vaginalis of which suppression efficacy was 31.9%. Deep flooding reduced the panicle number substantially by inhibiting the tiller production, increased the spikelet number per panicle slightly, and leaded to a lower rice grain yield compared to shallow flooding with herbicide. Rice bran application under deep flooding mitigated the panicle reduction due to deep flooding, increased the spikelets per panicle significantly, and thus produced even higher grain yield in the rice bran application of 2000kg $ha^{-1}$ as compared to the shallow flooding treatment with herbicide. In conclusion, this practice applying rice bran under deep flooding would be promising to be incorporated as an integral practice for an organic rice farming system.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1968

Organic matter in rice-paddy soils exercises two antagonistic effects on the rice plant under water-logged conditions in growing season in the course of its decomposition: It liberates mineral nutrients and promotes soil fertility. On the other hand, however, it demands oxygen for its decay and therefore competes with rice roots for this element, when applied in large quantity of fresh status. For the practical end of rice culture, it is most desirable that these two effects should not contend with each other. To determine the proper content of organic materials to be applied, the influences of varied amounts of a homogeneous mixture of dried green manure, ranging from 0 to 20g/pot (1/20,000 tanbo), upon hte growth of rice was investigated in a sand culture. Labeled phosphorus fertilizer was also used in the form of KH232PO4 to evaluate the availability of this nutrient in the soil. Under the present experimental conditions, green mature seems to have influenced little on the growth of rice, except on number of grains produced and grains/straw ratio. Moreover, no sympton of growth inhibition is obsrvable even by the largest amount of its application. The available phosphorus, as estimated by A-value, appears to have increased, as the amount of organic materials applied increases. In view of the fact that pure sand instead of a paddy soil is used in this culture, the present results would not be directly applicable to practical rice farming. Besides, the estimated A-value is in need of further study, since it varies according to method of application, as suggested by Nishigki et. al. (1958).