• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.648-657
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• 2015

Soil organic matter (SOM) plays an important role in the continuous production and environmental conservation in arable soils. In particular, the decomposition of organic matter in soil might promote soil organic matter and fertility due to the mineralization of N. In this study, to evaluate the effect of organic matter amendment on the C mineralization and N dynamic, $CO_2-C$ flux, extractable N and $N_2O$ emission were determined using closed chamber for 4 weeks at 10, 15, $20^{\circ}C$ of incubation temperature after the mixture of $2Mgha^{-1}$ rice straw compost and rye in sandy loam and clay loam. Regardless of soil texture, decomposition rates of rice straw compost and rye at $10{\sim}20^{\circ}C$ of incubation temperature ranged from 0.9 to 3.8% and 8.8 to 20.3%, respectively. Rye application in soil increased $NH_4-N$ and $NO_3-N$ content as well as the $N_2O$ emission compared to the rice straw compost. After incubation for 4 weeks, total C content in two soils was higher in rice straw compost than in rye application. In conclusion, application of rice straw compost and rye to soil was able to improve the soil organic matter and fertility. However, organic matter including the recalcitrant compounds like rice straw compost would be effective on the management of soil organic matter and the reduction of greenhouse gases in soil.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.20 no.3 s.50
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• pp.237-242
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• 2005

This study il focused on the hepatopreventive effect in cirrhotic rats induced by N, N -dimethylnitrosamine treatment when organir Lulfur -containing compoundE were orally injected. Biochemical parameters (aspatate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 1-protein and t-bilirubin) were measured in serum injured liver tissue. The increased AST and ALT values were significantly reduced by organic sulfur-containing compounds at the oral dotes of 50 mg/kg. The result of morphological changes have illustrated the accumulation of liver damages, Each as inflammatory cell accumulation and cirrhosis, caused by N, N-dimethylnitrosamine. Also, it was found that liver damages were prevented by the treatment of organic sulfur- containing compounds.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.210-219
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• 1999

The fundamental dispersion property of Si2N4 and a combination of AlN and Nd2O3 as sintering additives in a variety of organic solvents such as alcohols, hydrocarbons, ketones, and ethers was investigated. The stabilization mechanism and interaction between organic functional groups of the various organic additives were studied to clarify the dispersibility of the ceramic particles in the nonaqueous suspending medium. characterization of the suspensions was based mainly on electrokinetic sonic amplitude(ESA) measurements and the flow curves obtained from the rheological studies as well as estimated Hamaker constants. It was found that the contribution of electrostatic repulsive forces to the Si3N4, AlN and Nd2O3 stabilization in organic media is appreciably greater than anticipated and is dependent on the physicochemical properties of organic solvents.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.381-389
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• 2013

In order to study the effect of organic fertilizer on dry matter (DM) yield, nitrogen fixation and transfer from pea to barley, an experiment was carried out from May to June in 2008 in Incheon. A completely randomized block design with three replications was used for the experiment and one reference plot assigned each treatment for nitrogen fixation evaluation. Seeding mixture was 40kg barley and 80kg pea per ha. N rate of 40, 80 and 120kg/ha as organic fertilizer was applied at seeding. The equivalent of 1kg per ha as $(15NH_4)_2SO_4$ Solution at 99.8 atom N was applied to the plots ($30{\times}20cm$) at mid April. Forage was harvested from each plot in ripening stage at ground level and separated into barley and pea. Nitrogen fixation was 32.4%, 23.4% and 0% at three different organic N levels. Transfer rate were from 47.6% to 21.8% in difference method and 24.6% and 21.4% on $^{15}N$ dilution method. N Transfer amount were from 92.8kg/ha to 41.9kg/ha on difference method and 47.3kg in the 40kg N plots and 49.7kg in the 80kg N plots on $^{15}N$ dilution method but there was no N transfer in 120kg N organic fertilizer plots. Benefit from increased organic fertilizer was not clear in terms of nitrogen fixation and transfer from pea to barley in barley and pea mixtures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.37-41
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• 2013

In this work, we report the effect on the volatole organic compounds(VOCs) sensing properties of Copper phthalocyanine(CoPc) and Dilithium phthalocyanine(DiLiPc) thin films onto alumina substrates. Use evaporation method and the spin-coated method for sensing device. The materials of metallophthalocyanine macrocyclic compound solutions blended with N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-bis(1-naphthyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4"-diamine and/or Poly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] solutions. The influence of the blended in with metallophthalocyanine macrocyclic compounds on the resistance have been measured and analyzed in five different volatole organic compounds. The following results were obtained: The AFM 3D image of thin films deposited on metallophthalocyanine macrocyclic compound shows that the surfaces roughness were about CuPc 4.1~14.3 nm(7.5~8.1%), DiLiPc 10.3~22.2 nm(7.9~11.5%). The resistances decreases upon increasing the concentration of vapor organic compounds to CuPc and DiLiPc thin films. That thin films blended Copper phthalocyanine(CoPc) and Dilithium phthalocyanine(DiLiPc) with N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-bis(1-naphthyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4"-diamine and/or Poly[2-methoxy--5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene]. The resistances of blended thin films with N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-bis(1-naphthyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4"-diamine and/or Poly[2-methoxy--5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] decreases upon increasing the concentration of volatole organic compounds(VOCs) on DiLiPc than CuPc compound thin films.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.579-580
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• 1992

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.503-510
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• 2008

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.867-873
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• 2015

The potential of nitrogen mineralization was studied by applying organic fertilizer to soil and incubating at $25^{\circ}C$ for 28 weeks. The organic fertilizers used in this experiment were oil-cake (CF-I, CF-II) and amino acid fertilizer (AAF-I, AAF-II). Accumulated mineralized nitrogen (N) fits the frist-order kinetics during incubation. The N mineralization potential ($N_0$) for organic fertilizers treated soil was highest at AAF-II treatment with a value of 27.71 N mg/100g, then followed by CF-II, AAF-I, CF-I. The pure N mineralization potential ($N_0$ treatment - $N_0$ control) for CF-I, CF-II, AAF-I, AAF-II were 2.55, 5.83, 3.66, 8.57 N mg/100g, respectively. The amount of N mineralized from organic fertilizers applied soil ranged from 46% to 61% of the total N content in organic fertilizer. The half-life ($t_{1/2}$) of organic nitrogen in soil treated with oil-cake and amino acid fertilizer was 17-21 days. Therefore, half of nitrogen contained in oil-cake and amino acid fertilizer was mineralized after 3 weeks application.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.151-163
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• 2022

This study was conducted to promote organic fertilizer(s) that sustain soil productivity for corn production and protect the environment as required by the Act on the promotion of eco-friendly agriculture. It was conducted at the research station of the Organic Agriculture Division of the National Institute of Agricultural. The treatments consisted of Compost (Com), Bokashi as fermented organic fertilizer (FOF), and mixed expeller pressed cake (PC). They were applied at 174 kg N /ha to field corn, together with a 'no fertilizer' check in Randomized Complete Block Design. At eight weeks after transplanting (WAT) corn, compost increased soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) to 7.48 and 0.76 g/kg respectively, while other fertilizers maintained the initial levels (before treatment application). At corn harvest (13 WAT), soil chemical properties (total C, total N, pH, electrical conductivity, P₂O₅, Ca, K, and Mg) were similar among all organic fertilizer treatments. For soil respiration, FOF increased soil CO₂ respiration by 31-76% above other fertilizer treatments. However, there were no prominent changes in the trends of CH₄ fluxes following the two mechanical weeding operations. Fermented organic fertilizer affected N₂O emissions between 87-96% lower than other fertilizer treatments. Compared to the initial microbial densities, FOF increased fungi and actinomycete colony foming unit by 25 and 16% at harvest. Therefore, the additional potential of improving soil biological fertility and local availability of raw materials make FOF a better option to sustain soil productivity while protecting the environment.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.120-125
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• 1994

By using a synthetic medium simulated on the amino acid composition of soybeam, the effect of salt concentrations on the production of volatile organic acid by the strains of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii So-3101, a soy sauce yeast, was studied at the concentrations of 12.5, 18.0, 22.0 and 28.5% NaCl. The growth, consumption of glucose, and production of alcohol, total acid and volatile organic acid, showed the highest values at a concentration of 12.5% NaCl, and those values were decreased with an increase in the salt concentration. The ratio of volatile organic acid to total organic acid was remained at approximately the same level within the range of salt concentrations between 12.5~22.0%, whereas the ratio was decreased at a salt concentration of 28.5%. After incubation for 16 days, 8 volatile organic acids, i.e. acetic, propionic, n-butyric, isobutyric, isovaleric, isocaproic, n-caproic, and heptanoic acids, were detected by gas chromatography. Among the volatile organic acids, acetic acid was produced in the appreciable amiunt and its ratio to the other volatile acids was increased with an increase in the salt concentration.A small amount of isocaproic, propionic, isobutyric and isovaleric acids were produced, and n-caproic, n-butyric and heptanoic acids were detected only at the lower salt concentration.