DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Organic Fertilizer Levels on Dry Matter Yield, Nitrogen Fixation and Transfer on the Barley and Pea Mixtures

보리.완두 포장에서 유기질비료 시용 수준이 건물수량과 질소 고정 및 이의 이동에 미치는 영향

  • 이효원 (한국방송통신대학교 자연과학대학 농학과)
  • Received : 2013.06.11
  • Accepted : 2013.07.06
  • Published : 2013.09.30

Abstract

In order to study the effect of organic fertilizer on dry matter (DM) yield, nitrogen fixation and transfer from pea to barley, an experiment was carried out from May to June in 2008 in Incheon. A completely randomized block design with three replications was used for the experiment and one reference plot assigned each treatment for nitrogen fixation evaluation. Seeding mixture was 40kg barley and 80kg pea per ha. N rate of 40, 80 and 120kg/ha as organic fertilizer was applied at seeding. The equivalent of 1kg per ha as $(15NH_4)_2SO_4$ Solution at 99.8 atom N was applied to the plots ($30{\times}20cm$) at mid April. Forage was harvested from each plot in ripening stage at ground level and separated into barley and pea. Nitrogen fixation was 32.4%, 23.4% and 0% at three different organic N levels. Transfer rate were from 47.6% to 21.8% in difference method and 24.6% and 21.4% on $^{15}N$ dilution method. N Transfer amount were from 92.8kg/ha to 41.9kg/ha on difference method and 47.3kg in the 40kg N plots and 49.7kg in the 80kg N plots on $^{15}N$ dilution method but there was no N transfer in 120kg N organic fertilizer plots. Benefit from increased organic fertilizer was not clear in terms of nitrogen fixation and transfer from pea to barley in barley and pea mixtures.

본 연구는 보리와 완두 혼파 포장에서 유기질소질 비료의 시용 수준이 건물생산성, 질소 고정 그리고 이동율 및 이동량을 측정하기 위하여 실시하였다. 처리는 유기질소 40kg, 80kg, 그리고 120kg/ha의 3처리와 질소고정 측정을 위해 대조구로 보리단파구를 각 처리마다 배치하였다. 난괴법 3처리 3반복으로 처리하여 3월부터 6월까지 재배하였다. 보리는 40kg/ha와 완두 80kg/ha를 파종 후 발아를 촉진하기 위하여 흑색 비닐을 멀칭하였다. 질소 고정을 측정하기 위하여 99.8원자% $15N(NH_4)_2SO_4$를 4월 15일 ha당 1kg 수준으로 증류수에 혼합하여 $30{\times}20cm$ 쿼드랏에 시용 하였다. 공중질소 고정율은 32.4%에서 0% 사이였다. 보리에서 완두에로의 질소 이동률은 차이법에서 47.6%에서 21.8% 사이 그리고 동위원소 희석액 처리법에서 24.6%와 21.4%를 나타냈다. 이동량은 차이법에서 92.8kg/ha에서 41.9kg/ha 및 49.7kg 반면 120kg N 유기질 시용구는 동위원소희석법에서는 질소이동이 일어나지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 유기질 비료의 증가에 따른 두과작물의 공중질소고정 향상, 화본과 작물로의 질소이동효과가 분명하지 않았다.

Keywords

References

  1. Andersen Mette Klindt, Henrik Hauggaard-Nielsen, Per Ambus, and Erik Steen Jensen. 2004. Plant and Soil. 266: 273-187.
  2. Bertilsson, J., R. J. Dewhurst, and M. Teuori. 2001. Effects of legume silages on feed intake, milk production and nitrogen officiency. Landbauforschung Volkenrode. 234: 39-45.
  3. Chalk. P. M. 1996. Nitrogen transfer from Legumes to Cereals in intercropping. Dynamics of roots and nitrogen in cropping systems of the Semi-Arid Tropics. Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Science.
  4. Crutzen, P. J., A. R. Moiser, K. A. Smith, W. Winiwarter. 2008. $N_{2}O$ release from agro- biofuel production negates global warming reduction by replacing fossil fuels. Chem Phys 8: 389-359
  5. Geijersstam Linda and Anna Martensson. 2006. Nitrogen fixation and residual effects of field pea intercropped with oats. Acta Agriculture Scandinavica Section b-Soil and Plant Science 56: 186-196. https://doi.org/10.1080/0906471051003122
  6. Giambalvo Dario and Paolo Ruisi. 2010. Forage production, N uptake, $N_{2}$ fixation, and N recovery of berseem clover grown in pure stand and in mixture with annual ryegrass under different managements. Plant and Soil 342: 379-391.
  7. Haby Vincent A., Stephen A. Stout, Frank M. Hons, and T. Leonard. 2006. Nitrogen Fixation and Transfer in a Mixed Stand of Alfalfa and Bermudagrass. Published in Agron. J. 98: 890-898. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2005.0084
  8. Hauggaard-Nielsen H., L. Holdensen, D. Wulfsohn, and E. S. Jensen. 2010. Spatial variation of $N_{2}$-fixation in field pea (Pisum sativum L.) at the field scale determined by the $^{15}N $ natural abundance method. Plant Soil. 327: 167-184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-009-0043-9
  9. Kim. J. G., S. H. Yoon, E. S. Chung, Y. C. Lim, S. Seo, J. H. Seo, and S. J. Kim. 2002. Effect of Seeding Method and Mixing Ratio on the Quality and Productivity of Rye-Hairy Vetch Mixture. J. Korean Grassl. Sci. 22(4): 233-240. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2002.22.4.233
  10. Kim, Jong Duk. 2011. The Present Status and Invigoration of Organic Husbandry using Organic Forage Production in Korea. Korean Association of Organic Agriculture's 2011 Conference Reference Book.
  11. Lee, Hyo Won. 2007. Nitrogen Fixation of Legumes and Transfer to Grasses in Spring Paddy Soil. J. Korean Grassl. Sci. 27(3): 167-172. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2007.27.3.167
  12. Lee, Hyo Won, W. H. Kim, H. S. Park, H. J. Go, and S. G. Kim. 2005. Effect of N Application Rate on Fixation and Transfer from Vetch to Barley in Mixed Stands. J. Korean Grassl. Sci. 25(1): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2005.25.1.001
  13. Lee, Hyo Won and H. S. Park. 2002. Nitrogen Fixation of Legumes and Cropping System for Organic Forage Production. Korean Association of Organic Agriculture. 10: 51-63.
  14. Mehmet Sincik and Achikgoz Esvet. 2007. Effects of white clover inclusion on turf characteristics, Nitrogen fixation and nitrogen transfer from white clover to grasses species in turf mixtures. Communication in soil science & plant analysis 38: 1861-1877. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620701435621
  15. Palmborg, C., M. Scherer-Lorenzen, A. Jumpponen, G. Carlsson, K. Huss-Danell, and P. Hogberg. 2005.Inorganic soil nitrogen under grassland plant communities of different species composition and diversity. Oikos, 110: 271-282. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2005.13673.x
  16. Peoples. M. B, A. W. Faizah, B. Rerkasem, and D. F. Herridge. 1988. Methods for Evaluating Nitrogen Fixation by modulated Legumes in the field (Eds.). ACIAR. Cannberra. Autralia.
  17. Riesinger P. and I. Herzon. Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in organically managed red clover- grass leys under farming conditions. 2010. Soil and Plant Science. 60: 517-528.
  18. Sakai Rogerio Haruo, Edmilson Jose Ambrosano, Ana Clarissa Alves Negrini, Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin, Eliana Aparecida Schammass, and Paulo Cesar Tavares de Melo. N transfer from green manures to lettuce in an intercropping cultivation system. Maringa. 33(4): 679-686.
  19. Stern W. R. 1993 .Nitrogen Fixation and transfer in intercrop systems. Field Crops Research. 34: 335-356. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(93)90121-3
  20. Vinther, F. P. 2006. Effects of cutting frequency on plant production, N-uptake and $N_{2}$ fixation in above and below-ground plant biomass of perennial ryegrass-white clover swards. Grass and Forage Science, 61: 154-163. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2006.00519.x