• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.152-156
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• 2014

We report hybrid solar cells fabricated with polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction layers that contain inorganic nanocrystals synthesized by in-situ reaction in the presence of polymer chains. The inorganic (cadmium sulfide) nanocrystal ($CdS_{NC}$) was generated by the reaction of cadmium acetate and sulfur by varying the reaction time up to 30 min. The synthesized $CdS_{NC}$ showed a rectangular flake shape, while the size of $CdS_{NC}$ reached ca. 150 nm when the reaction time was 10 min. The performance of hybrid solar cells with $CdS_{NC}$ synthesized for 10 min was better than that of a control device, whereas poor performances were measured for other hybrid solar cells with $CdS_{NC}$ synthesized for more than 10 min.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.391.2-391.2
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• 2014

Solution-processible hybrid bipolar field effect transistors (HBFETs) with balanced hole and electron mobilities were fabricated using a combination of the organic p-type poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) layer and inorganic n-type ZnO material. The hole and electron mobilities were first optimized in single layer devices by using acetonitrile as a solvent additive to process the P3HT and annealing to process the ZnO layer. The highest hole mobility of the P3HT-only-devices with 5% acetonitrile was 0.15 cm2V-1s-1, while the largest electron mobility was observed in the ZnO-only-devices annealed at $200^{\circ}C$ and found to be $7.2{\times}10-2cm2V-1s-1$. The inorganic-organic HBFETs consisting of P3HT with 5% acetonitrile and ZnO layer annealed at $200^{\circ}C$ exhibited balanced hole and electron mobilities of $4.0{\times}10-2$ and $3.9{\times}10-2cm2V-1s-1$, respectively. The effect on surface morphology and crystallinity by adding acetonitrile and thermal annealing were investigated through X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our findings indicate that techniques demonstrated herein are of great utility in improving the performance of inorganic-organic hybrid devices

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.230-234
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• 2011

In this work, the primary material for a single layered hardmask which can afford a spin-on process was prepared by the minture of organic and inorganic sources. The preparation of hybrid polymer was attempted by esterification from silanol terminated siloxane compounds and acetonide-2,2-bis(methoxy)propionic acid. The optical, thermal and morphological properties of the test hardmask film was examined in terms of cross-linking agent and additives. In addition, the etch rate of hardmask film and photo resist layer were compared. The hybrid polymer prepared from organic and inorganic materials was found to be useful for hardmask film to form the nano-patterns.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.654-658
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• 2012

In this work, the properties of an organic-inorganic hybrid insulating material using an inorganic filler and polyurethane foam with different foaming conditions were investigated. At weight ratios of polyol and isocyanate of 1 to 1.2 good foaming properties were noted. In addition, an addition of 0.4 g of water, 0.1 g of surfactant, and 0.1 g of catalyst with respect to the composites of polyol at 5 g and isocyanate at 6 g showed the lowest apparent density and thermal conductivity. The pore size was smaller in the organic-inorganic hybrid foaming body with an increase in the $CaCO_3$ addition amount. Moreover, the apparent density and thermal conductivity were increased when the added amount of $CaCO_3$ increased. Increasing the amount of $CaCO_3$ powder is expected to improve the flame retardant capabilities; however, doing this tends to increase the apparent density and thermal conductivity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.232-233
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• 2006

In recent years the interest in organic/inorganic hybrid materials has increased at a fast rate. Nano organic-inorganic hybrid composites have shown advantages for preparing hard coating layers. Especially, nano hybrid composite has low environmental pollution. It has high transparency, hardness, toughness, thermal dissociation temperature, hydrophobicity by using nano sized inorganic material. There are many ways in which these materials may be synthesized, a typical one being the use of silica and silanes using the sol-gel process. The structure of sol-gel silica evolves as a result of these successive hydrolysis and condensation reactions and the subsequent drying and curing. The sol-gel reactions are catalyzed by acids and produce silica sol solutions. The silica sol grows until they reach a size where a gel transition occurs and a solid-like gel is formed. Colloidal silica(CS)/silane sol solutions were synthesized in variation with parameters such as different acidity and reaction time. In order to understand their physical and chemical properties, sol-gel coating films were fabricated on glass. From all sol-gel solutions, seasoning effect of sol-gel coating layer on glass was observed.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2017

Transparent organic-inorganic hybrid hard coating films were prepared by the addition of $SiO_2$ or $ZrO_2$, as an inorganic filler to improve the hardness property, filler was highly dispersed in the acrylic resin. To improve the compatibility in the acrylic resin, $SiO_2$ or $ZrO_2$ is surface-modified using various silanes with variation of the modification time and silane content. Depending on the content and kind of the modified inorganic oxide, transparent modified inorganic sols were formulated in acryl resin. Then, the sols were bar coated and cured on PET films to investigate the optical and mechanical properties. The optimized film, which has a modified $ZrO_2$ content of 4 wt% markedly improved in terms of the hardness, haze, and transparency as compared to neat acrylate resin and acrylate resin containing modified $SiO_2$ content of 8 wt%. Meanwhile, the low transparency and high haze of these films slowly appeared at $SiO_2$ content above 10 wt% and $ZrO_2$ content of 5 wt%, but the hardness values were maintained at 2H and 3H, respectively, in comparison with the HB of neat acrylate resin.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.38-44
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• 2015

The cold-rolled steel sheet for automobile is liable to corrosion, and will be painting in a variety of ways for the anticorrosive. This paper was coated on cold rolled steel (SPCC and SPFC590) for automobiles using five kinds of organic/inorganic hybrid solution. This was evaluated corrosion resistance and so on by the salt spray. Corrosion area was less according to increasing of curing time in 2 types of steel plate with 5 types of the coating solution. No.1 solution was showed the best corrosion resistance regardless of the kinds of the steel sheet. It is judged that the melamin hardner had the role of bridge between $SiO_2$ polysilicate and urethan resin. Other properties were excellent in all solution.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.310-315
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• 2008

Organic-inorganic hybrid solutions were made using glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) as starting materials by sol-gel method. Photochromic coating solutions were prepared by mixing the solution of photochromic dye (spiropyran) dissolved in ethylacetate with the organic-inorganic hybrid solutions. Photochromic films were prepared on polycarbonate sheets by spin coating and cured for 2 h at $100^{\circ}C$. The resulting films exhibited a reversible color change upon irradiation with UV light from transparent to blue. The color-fading speed and pencil hardness of the coating films increased with increasing the GPTMS content in the coating solutions.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2000

Thick inorganic-organic hybrid films were prepared on ITO-coated glass substrates by the electrophoretic sol-gel deposition of polyphenylsilsesquioxane particles. The morphology of the deposited films changed from the aggregate of the spherical particles to monolith by heat treatment at temperatures higher than $200^{\circ}C$. Transparency of the films was significantly improved accompanied by the morphological change of the particles. The degree of the morphological change was governed by two factors; maximum heat treatment temperature and heating rate. Transparent thick films of ca. 3$\mu\textrm{m}$ in thickness were obtained only by heat treatment at $400^{\circ}C$ for 2h with rapid heating from room temperature to $400^{\circ}C$. These films obtained were strongly adhered to the ITO-coated glass substrates and has a very smooth surface.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.5-13
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• 2017

This study has developed an organic/inorganic hybrid solution according to amount of $SiO_2$ polysilicate, and the amount of melamine is constant. The three types of cold rolled steel were evaluated a corrosion resistance properties by using these solutions. $US_3M_3$ and $US_{11}M_3$ solutions were generate a lot of corrosion. $US_7M_3$ solution was excellent in corrosion resistance, regardless of the steel type. The appearance of coating by $US_3M_3$ and $US_{11}M_3$ solutions were bumpy surface, and were a lot of fine defects. $US_7M_3$ solution was made a sophisticated molecular cross-linking structure inside the coating, it was a slick surface. Other characteristics are exhibited the excellent property for all solutions.